The Hidden World of a Late Ottoman Scholar in the Margin Notes: Filyozī and His Majmūʿa on the Apocalypse

Eyüp Öztürk

Makale detayları

The Hidden World of a Late Ottoman Scholar in the Margin Notes: Filyozī and His Majmūʿa on the Apocalypse

Yazarlar:

Eyüp Öztürk

Yayıncı:

Ankara University

Ana Başlıklar:

İslam Tarihi | Tarihsel Çalışmalar (Diğer)

Dergi:

Ankara Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.66 Issue 1, pp.49-73

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

5/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001349531

pISSN:

1301-0522

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 Mustafa Rushdī b. Aḥmad b. Rajab Filyozī was an Ottoman scholar who spent most of his life in the second half of the 19th century. There is no other information about him except that he was from a place called Hisarönü and served as a lecturer at the Kemankeş Kara Mustafa Paşa Madrasa for a while. Four works have been identified as belonging to Filyozī, three of which were authored by him, and one is a compilation majmūʿa. Among these, the Majmūʿa, which is currently registered as a single copy in the Hacı Mahmud Efendi Collection, number 594, is the focus of this article. The Majmūʿa contains numerous treatises on the apocalypse and its signs, all of which were transcribed by Filyozī himself. In addition, Filyozī commented on the content of the treatises and made inferences with numerous notes in the margins of the pages. As such, these notes contain unique information about both Filyozīs own life and the period in which he lived, which perhaps cannot be found in other sources. Because this information changes the portrait of him as a moderate madrasa teacher dersiām derived from limited sources, and turns him into someone with an apocalyptic mind who thinks that the apocalypse is imminent. More importantly, this information allows us to view and assess Filyozī as someone who placed absolute trust in knowledge derived from methods such as jafr numerology and kashf mystical insight, and who associated all surrounding events with the impending apocalypsesometimes to the point of paranoia. Therefore, the article is structured under two main headings: in the first section, Filyozī is depicted without considering the information reflected in the marginal notes, while in the second section, the portrait that becomes apparent when the information in the marginal notes is taken into consideration. Ultimately, these two portrayals are subjected to comparison. In this way, the importance and complementary role that notes recorded in the margins of manuscripts can play in biography and historiography is highlighted.

 Mustafa Rushdī b. Aḥmad b. Rajab Filyozī was an Ottoman scholar who spent most of his life in the second half of the 19th century. There is no other information about him except that he was from a place called Hisarönü and served as a lecturer at the Kemankeş Kara Mustafa Paşa Madrasa for a while. Four works have been identified as belonging to Filyozī, three of which were authored by him, and one is a compilation majmūʿa. Among these, the Majmūʿa, which is currently registered as a single copy in the Hacı Mahmud Efendi Collection, number 594, is the focus of this article. The Majmūʿa contains numerous treatises on the apocalypse and its signs, all of which were transcribed by Filyozī himself. In addition, Filyozī commented on the content of the treatises and made inferences with numerous notes in the margins of the pages. As such, these notes contain unique information about both Filyozīs own life and the period in which he lived, which perhaps cannot be found in other sources. Because this information changes the portrait of him as a moderate madrasa teacher dersiām derived from limited sources, and turns him into someone with an apocalyptic mind who thinks that the apocalypse is imminent. More importantly, this information allows us to view and assess Filyozī as someone who placed absolute trust in knowledge derived from methods such as jafr numerology and kashf mystical insight, and who associated all surrounding events with the impending apocalypsesometimes to the point of paranoia. Therefore, the article is structured under two main headings: in the first section, Filyozī is depicted without considering the information reflected in the marginal notes, while in the second section, the portrait that becomes apparent when the information in the marginal notes is taken into consideration. Ultimately, these two portrayals are subjected to comparison. In this way, the importance and complementary role that notes recorded in the margins of manuscripts can play in biography and historiography is highlighted.

 Mustafa Rushdī b. Aḥmad b. Rajab Filyozī was an Ottoman scholar who spent most of his life in the second half of the 19th century. There is no other information about him except that he was from a place called Hisarönü and served as a lecturer at the Kemankeş Kara Mustafa Paşa Madrasa for a while. Four works have been identified as belonging to Filyozī, three of which were authored by him, and one is a compilation majmūʿa. Among these, the Majmūʿa, which is currently registered as a single copy in the Hacı Mahmud Efendi Collection, number 594, is the focus of this article. The Majmūʿa contains numerous treatises on the apocalypse and its signs, all of which were transcribed by Filyozī himself. In addition, Filyozī commented on the content of the treatises and made inferences with numerous notes in the margins of the pages. As such, these notes contain unique information about both Filyozīs own life and the period in which he lived, which perhaps cannot be found in other sources. Because this information changes the portrait of him as a moderate madrasa teacher dersiām derived from limited sources, and turns him into someone with an apocalyptic mind who thinks that the apocalypse is imminent. More importantly, this information allows us to view and assess Filyozī as someone who placed absolute trust in knowledge derived from methods such as jafr numerology and kashf mystical insight, and who associated all surrounding events with the impending apocalypsesometimes to the point of paranoia. Therefore, the article is structured under two main headings: in the first section, Filyozī is depicted without considering the information reflected in the marginal notes, while in the second section, the portrait that becomes apparent when the information in the marginal notes is taken into consideration. Ultimately, these two portrayals are subjected to comparison. In this way, the importance and complementary role that notes recorded in the margins of manuscripts can play in biography and historiography is highlighted.

 Mustafa Rüşdî b. Ahmed b. Recep Filyozî, ömrünün büyük kısmını 19. yüzyılın ikinci yarısında sürdürmüş bir Osmanlı âlimidir. Kendisi hakkında, Hisarönü adlı bir yere mensup olduğu ve bir müddet Kemankeş Kara Mustafa Paşa Medresesinde dersiâm olarak görev yaptığı dışında bir bilgi bulunmamaktadır. Filyozînin üçü telif düzeyinde birisi de derleme mahiyette mecmūʿa olmak üzere dört eseri tespit edilebilmektedir. Bunlar içerisinde, tek nüsha hâlinde Hacı Mahmud Efendi Koleksiyonu 594 numaralı demirbaşta kayıtlı olan Mecmūʿa bu yazının odak noktasını oluşturmaktadır. Mecmūʿada kıyamet ve alametleri konulu çok sayıda risale yer almakta olup hepsi de Filyozînin kendisi tarafından istinsah edilmiştir. Bununla birlikte Filyozî sayfa kenarlarına derç ettiği çok sayıda not ile risalelerin içeriğine dair yorumlar ve çıkarımlarda bulunmuştur. Bu haliyle söz konusu notlar, Filyozînin hem kendi hayatına hem de yaşadığı döneme dair, belki başka kaynaklarda tesadüf edilemeyecek türde, özgün bilgiler ihtiva etmektedir. Zira bu bilgiler, kendisiyle ilgili sınırlı kaynaklardan çıkarılan mutedil dersiâm portresini değiştirmekte, onu kıyametin kopmasının an meselesi olduğunu düşünen apokaliptik zihne sahip bir kimseye dönüştürmektedir. Daha da önemlisi söz konusu bilgiler, Filyozînin cifr ve keşf gibi metotlarla elde edilen bilgilere sonsuz güven duyan ve çevresindeki bütün gelişmeleri yaklaşan kıyamet ile -yer yer paranoya düzeyinde- ilişkilendiren bir kimse olarak görebilmeyedeğerlendirebilmeye imkân tanımaktadır. Bu nedenle makalede, iki temel başlık altında bir içerik oluşturulmuş; ilk aşamada kenar notlarına yansıyan bilgiler olmadan Filyozî tasvir edilirken ikincisinde ise kenar notlarındaki bilgiler göz önünde bulundurulduğunda belirginleşen portre ortaya koyulmuş ve bunlar son kertede bir mukayeseye tabi tutulmuştur. Bu sayede de yazma eserlerin kenarlarına kaydedilen notların biyografi ve tarih yazıcılığı noktasında ne kadar önemli ve tamamlayıcı olabileceği hususu öne çıkarılmıştır.

Makale detayları

The Hidden World of a Late Ottoman Scholar in the Margin Notes: Filyozī and His Majmūʿa on the Apocalypse

Yazarlar:

Eyüp Öztürk

Yayıncı:

Ankara University

Ana Başlıklar:

İslam Tarihi | Tarihsel Çalışmalar (Diğer)

Dergi:

Ankara Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.66 Issue 1, pp.49-73

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

5/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001349531

pISSN:

1301-0522

Filyozī

Ottoman Apocalyptic Tradition

Mahdism

Apocalypse

Jafr

Margin NotesFilyozî

Osmanlı Apokaliptik Geleneği

Mehdilik

Kıyamet

Cifr

Kenar Notları

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Eyüp Öztürk

Yayıncı: Ankara University

Ana Başlıklar: İslam Tarihi | Tarihsel Çalışmalar (Diğer)

Dergi: Ankara Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.66 Issue 1, pp.49-73

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 5/2025

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001349531

pISSN: 1301-0522

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Eyüp Öztürk

Yayıncı:

Ankara University

Ana Başlıklar:

İslam Tarihi | Tarihsel Çalışmalar (Diğer)

Dergi:

Ankara Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.66 Issue 1, pp.49-73

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

5/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001349531

pISSN:

1301-0522