The New Paradigm of Urgent Expropriation under Law No. 7452: The Perpetuation of the State of Emergency in Urban Law

Ilgın Özkaya Özlüer

Makale detayları

The New Paradigm of Urgent Expropriation under Law No. 7452: The Perpetuation of the State of Emergency in Urban Law

Yazarlar:

Ilgın Özkaya Özlüer

Yayıncı:

Ankara University

Ana Başlıklar:

Hukuk (Diğer)

Dergi:

Ankara Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.74 Issue 1, pp.363-411

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

11/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001350217

pISSN:

1301-1308

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 The transformation in the understanding of urbanism centered around property rights is grounded in a multilayered legal background. This study argues that the use of public authority in construction-oriented urban practices has triggered a shift in both the right to property and urban law. In parallel with this, it is observed that the Expropriation Law No.2942 and the urgent expropriation practices regulated therein, along with those introduced by Law No.7452, have restructured urban law with a construction-centered and radical perspective. The public interest rationale in urgent expropriation decisions, adopted to meet post-disaster housing needs, becomes central to the debate as changes in property regimes influence private housing production. Following the 2023 earthquake, Law No. 7452 introduced the concept of housing need, centered on private interest, as a new paradigm allowing urban transformation without formal planning processes. This concept, defined as public interest in legal texts and administrative practices, materializes through urgent expropriation mechanisms. Within this scope, the article critically examines the expedited expropriation practices implemented under Law No. 7452 on the grounds of housing need, which may undermine the constitutional guarantee of the right to property, in light of the jurisprudence of the Council of State. Furthermore, it is argued that urban law should be addressed within the framework of comprehensive planning, and that the institutionalization of emergency governance mechanisms may lead to a fundamental legal crisis in urbanization processes.

 The transformation in the understanding of urbanism centered around property rights is grounded in a multilayered legal background. This study argues that the use of public authority in construction-oriented urban practices has triggered a shift in both the right to property and urban law. In parallel with this, it is observed that the Expropriation Law No.2942 and the urgent expropriation practices regulated therein, along with those introduced by Law No.7452, have restructured urban law with a construction-centered and radical perspective. The public interest rationale in urgent expropriation decisions, adopted to meet post-disaster housing needs, becomes central to the debate as changes in property regimes influence private housing production. Following the 2023 earthquake, Law No. 7452 introduced the concept of housing need, centered on private interest, as a new paradigm allowing urban transformation without formal planning processes. This concept, defined as public interest in legal texts and administrative practices, materializes through urgent expropriation mechanisms. Within this scope, the article critically examines the expedited expropriation practices implemented under Law No. 7452 on the grounds of housing need, which may undermine the constitutional guarantee of the right to property, in light of the jurisprudence of the Council of State. Furthermore, it is argued that urban law should be addressed within the framework of comprehensive planning, and that the institutionalization of emergency governance mechanisms may lead to a fundamental legal crisis in urbanization processes.

 The transformation in the understanding of urbanism centered around property rights is grounded in a multilayered legal background. This study argues that the use of public authority in construction-oriented urban practices has triggered a shift in both the right to property and urban law. In parallel with this, it is observed that the Expropriation Law No.2942 and the urgent expropriation practices regulated therein, along with those introduced by Law No.7452, have restructured urban law with a construction-centered and radical perspective. The public interest rationale in urgent expropriation decisions, adopted to meet post-disaster housing needs, becomes central to the debate as changes in property regimes influence private housing production. Following the 2023 earthquake, Law No. 7452 introduced the concept of housing need, centered on private interest, as a new paradigm allowing urban transformation without formal planning processes. This concept, defined as public interest in legal texts and administrative practices, materializes through urgent expropriation mechanisms. Within this scope, the article critically examines the expedited expropriation practices implemented under Law No. 7452 on the grounds of housing need, which may undermine the constitutional guarantee of the right to property, in light of the jurisprudence of the Council of State. Furthermore, it is argued that urban law should be addressed within the framework of comprehensive planning, and that the institutionalization of emergency governance mechanisms may lead to a fundamental legal crisis in urbanization processes.

 Mülkiyet hakkı odaklı gelişen şehircilik anlayışında yaşanan dönüşüm, çok katmanlı bir hukuki arka plana dayanır. Çalışma, inşaat odaklı şehircilik pratiğinde kamu gücünün kullanımının mülkiyet hakkı ve şehircilik hukukunda dönüşüm yarattığını ileri sürmektedir. Bu dönüşüme paralel biçimde kamu gücünün kullanım biçimi olarak 2942 Kamulaştırma Kanunu ve burada düzenlenen acele kamulaştırmayla 7452 sayılı Kanunda düzenlenen acele kamulaştırma uygulamalarının şehircilik hukukunu inşaat odaklı ve köklü bir dönüşüme uğrattığı ortaya konulmaktadır. Afet sonrası konut ihtiyacını karşılamak amacıyla alınan acele kamulaştırma kararlarındaki kamu yararı yaklaşımı, taşınmazların mülkiyet rejimindeki değişikliğin özel konut üretimi üzerinde de etki göstermesi nedeniyle tartışmanın merkezini oluşturmaktadır. 2023 depremi ardından kabul edilen 7452 sayılı Kanun, planlama sürecine tabi olmaksızın, şehirleri dönüştürecek yeni bir paradigma olarak özel yarar odaklı konut ihtiyacı kavramını gündeme getirmiştir. Kanunda ve idari uygulamalarda, kamu yararı gücü atfedilen bu konut ihtiyacı paradigması, acele kamulaştırma gibi kamu gücü kullanılan uygulamalar yoluyla hayat bulmaktadır. Bu kapsamda makalede, mülkiyet hakkının anayasal bir güvence olmaktan çıkmasına neden olabilecek konut ihtiyacı temelinde ve 7452 sayılı Kanun kapsamında yürütülen acele kamulaştırma uygulamaları, Danıştayın yargısal pratikleri ışığında eleştirilmiştir. Bu bağlamda şehircilik hukukunun bütüncül planlama ekseninde tartışılması gerektiği belirtilerek, olağanüstü hal mekanizmalarının süreklileşmesinin şehirleşme süreçlerinde radikal bir krize yol açabileceği hukuki bağlamlarıyla tartışılmıştır.

Makale detayları

The New Paradigm of Urgent Expropriation under Law No. 7452: The Perpetuation of the State of Emergency in Urban Law

Yazarlar:

Ilgın Özkaya Özlüer

Yayıncı:

Ankara University

Ana Başlıklar:

Hukuk (Diğer)

Dergi:

Ankara Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.74 Issue 1, pp.363-411

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

11/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001350217

pISSN:

1301-1308

Urgent Expropriation

Law No. 7452

Property Right

Public Interest

UrbanismAcele Kamulaştırma

7452 sayılı Kanun

Mülkiyet Hakkı

Kamu Yararı

Şehircilik

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Ilgın Özkaya Özlüer

Yayıncı: Ankara University

Ana Başlıklar: Hukuk (Diğer)

Dergi: Ankara Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.74 Issue 1, pp.363-411

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 11/2025

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001350217

pISSN: 1301-1308

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Ilgın Özkaya Özlüer

Yayıncı:

Ankara University

Ana Başlıklar:

Hukuk (Diğer)

Dergi:

Ankara Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.74 Issue 1, pp.363-411

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

11/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001350217

pISSN:

1301-1308