A Teacher in Timurid Herat: An Intellectual Biography of Mas‘ūd Shirwānī

Yasin Apaydın

Makale detayları

A Teacher in Timurid Herat: An Intellectual Biography of Mas‘ūd Shirwānī

Yazarlar:

Yasin Apaydın

Yayıncı:

Istanbul University

Ana Başlıklar:

Din Araştırmaları

Dergi:

İslam Tetkikleri Dergisi Vol.13 Issue 2, pp.493-518

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

9/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001300755

pISSN:

2717-6967

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 This study focuses on the intellectual life of Masūd Shirwānī, who has been known and recognized for his work, yet information about him is limited. As an alternative to works written about him, we propose an intellectual biography based on the handwritten majmuas of his period. The article suggests the two manuscripts recorded in Jārullāh collection, namely, numbers 1437 and 2224 in the al-Maktaba al-Azhariyya collection, which were copied in the same place and period as those of Shirwānīs life, namely, Timurid Herat in the ninth century. Both contain many works written by Shirwānī as well as important text and information about his relationship with contemporary thinkers. In particular, elucidating mubahasa, which occurred between Shirwānī and Mīr Atāullāh alHusaynī on the occasion of a former appointment as a teacher at the Dār al-shifā, is important in terms of Shirwānīs intellectual life. When considering the portrait drawn in Bāharzīs Maqāmāt, which has been neglected by Shirwānī biographies, we encounter a devoted follower of the spiritual guidance of Mullā Jāmī,who was included in the circle of Mullā Jāmīs irshād. Alternatively, Shirwānī is the author of a number of commentaries and taliqats found in manuscript collections that focus on the part of conception of logic such as the theory of definition and the discussion of expressions. This study questions the origin of the epithet Rūmī, which was brought up by Kātip Çelebī regarding Shirwānīs identity, and emphasizes the possibility that the thinkers referred to by this epithet were different people.

 This study focuses on the intellectual life of Masūd Shirwānī, who has been known and recognized for his work, yet information about him is limited. As an alternative to works written about him, we propose an intellectual biography based on the handwritten majmuas of his period. The article suggests the two manuscripts recorded in Jārullāh collection, namely, numbers 1437 and 2224 in the al-Maktaba al-Azhariyya collection, which were copied in the same place and period as those of Shirwānīs life, namely, Timurid Herat in the ninth century. Both contain many works written by Shirwānī as well as important text and information about his relationship with contemporary thinkers. In particular, elucidating mubahasa, which occurred between Shirwānī and Mīr Atāullāh alHusaynī on the occasion of a former appointment as a teacher at the Dār al-shifā, is important in terms of Shirwānīs intellectual life. When considering the portrait drawn in Bāharzīs Maqāmāt, which has been neglected by Shirwānī biographies, we encounter a devoted follower of the spiritual guidance of Mullā Jāmī,who was included in the circle of Mullā Jāmīs irshād. Alternatively, Shirwānī is the author of a number of commentaries and taliqats found in manuscript collections that focus on the part of conception of logic such as the theory of definition and the discussion of expressions. This study questions the origin of the epithet Rūmī, which was brought up by Kātip Çelebī regarding Shirwānīs identity, and emphasizes the possibility that the thinkers referred to by this epithet were different people.

 This study focuses on the intellectual life of Masūd Shirwānī, who has been known and recognized for his work, yet information about him is limited. As an alternative to works written about him, we propose an intellectual biography based on the handwritten majmuas of his period. The article suggests the two manuscripts recorded in Jārullāh collection, namely, numbers 1437 and 2224 in the al-Maktaba al-Azhariyya collection, which were copied in the same place and period as those of Shirwānīs life, namely, Timurid Herat in the ninth century. Both contain many works written by Shirwānī as well as important text and information about his relationship with contemporary thinkers. In particular, elucidating mubahasa, which occurred between Shirwānī and Mīr Atāullāh alHusaynī on the occasion of a former appointment as a teacher at the Dār al-shifā, is important in terms of Shirwānīs intellectual life. When considering the portrait drawn in Bāharzīs Maqāmāt, which has been neglected by Shirwānī biographies, we encounter a devoted follower of the spiritual guidance of Mullā Jāmī,who was included in the circle of Mullā Jāmīs irshād. Alternatively, Shirwānī is the author of a number of commentaries and taliqats found in manuscript collections that focus on the part of conception of logic such as the theory of definition and the discussion of expressions. This study questions the origin of the epithet Rūmī, which was brought up by Kātip Çelebī regarding Shirwānīs identity, and emphasizes the possibility that the thinkers referred to by this epithet were different people.

 Bu çalışma, biyografisi hakkında kısıtlı bilgilere sahip olduğumuz ve kendisine atfedilen birçok eser ile tanınan Mesud Şirvânînin entelektüel hayatına odaklanmaktadır. Hakkında yazılanlara bir alternatif olarak döneminde istinsah edilen yazma mecmualardan hareketle bir biyografi teklif ettiğimiz çalışmamızda, erken dönem kaynaklar ile sonraki dönem kaynakların birbirinden ayrışan ve kimi zaman ters düşen ifadelerinin yazma eserlerden elde edilen kodikolojik bulgularla tahkik edilip sunulması hedeflenmektedir. Bu bağlamda Carullah koleksiyonu 1437 ve el-Mektebetül-Ezheriyye koleksiyonu 2224 numaralarda kayıtlı, Şirvânînin yaşadığı dönem ve mekânda, 9. yüzyıl Heratında istinsah edilen iki mecmua gündeme getirilmiştir. Her ikisinde de Şirvânîye ait birçok eser yanında Şirvânînin, akrânı düşünürlerle kurduğu ilişkilere dair tarihi kayıtlar içeren metinler yer almaktadır. Özellikle Dâruşşifâ Medresesinde Şirvânînin müderris olarak atandığı gün vesilesiyle Mir Atâullah el-Hüseynî ile aralarında cereyan eden mübâhase, Şirvânînin kapalı kalan hayatına ışık tutması açısından önem arz etmektedir. Yazıda, Şirvânînin hayatı hakkında yazılan kısıtlı ve bazen yanıltıcı bilgi veren kimi araştırmalar da doğrudan mezkûr mecmualara ve Şirvânî ile tanışıklığı olan tanıklara müracaat edilerek sorgulanmıştır. Kaynaklar bu gözle tarandığında, Şirvânî için ilki irfânî, ikincisi ilmî olmak üzere iki yönlü bir entelektüel hayattan bahsetmek mümkündür. Bir taraftan Bâharzînin anlatısında öne çıkan, Molla Câmînin irşat halkasına dâhil olmuş ve onun manevi rehberliğinin sâdık bir takipçisi Şirvânî portresi; öte yandan, yazma mecmualarında karşımıza çıkan, tanım teorisi, lafızlar bahsi gibi mantığın tasavvur kısmına odaklanan irili ufaklı hâşiye ve talikatların müellifi Şirvânîdir. Çalışmamızda Şirvânînin kimliğine yönelik Kâtip Çelebînin gündeme getirdiği Rûmî nisbesinin aslı sorgulanarak bu nisbe ile anılan düşünürlerin farklı kişiler olma ihtimali üzerinde durulmuştur. Hayatları ve eserleri hakkındaki bazı benzerliklerin bu yönde bir yanlış anlaşılmaya götürdüğü hususu vurgulanmıştır.

Makale detayları

A Teacher in Timurid Herat: An Intellectual Biography of Mas‘ūd Shirwānī

Yazarlar:

Yasin Apaydın

Yayıncı:

Istanbul University

Ana Başlıklar:

Din Araştırmaları

Dergi:

İslam Tetkikleri Dergisi Vol.13 Issue 2, pp.493-518

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

9/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001300755

pISSN:

2717-6967

Islamic Philosophy

Mas‘ūd Shirwānī

Mīr Atāullāh al-Husaynī

Herat

al-Matāli‘İslam Felsefesi

Mesud Şirvânî

Mir Atâullah Hüseynî

Herat

el-Metâli‘

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Yasin Apaydın

Yayıncı: Istanbul University

Ana Başlıklar: Din Araştırmaları

Dergi: İslam Tetkikleri Dergisi Vol.13 Issue 2, pp.493-518

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 9/2023

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001300755

pISSN: 2717-6967

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Yasin Apaydın

Yayıncı:

Istanbul University

Ana Başlıklar:

Din Araştırmaları

Dergi:

İslam Tetkikleri Dergisi Vol.13 Issue 2, pp.493-518

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

9/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001300755

pISSN:

2717-6967