The Impact of Migration, Urbanization and Economic Growth on Crime: An Application on Selected OECD Member Countries

Fatma Fehime Aydın; Cemalettin Levent

Makale detayları

The Impact of Migration, Urbanization and Economic Growth on Crime: An Application on Selected OECD Member Countries

Yazarlar:

Fatma Fehime Aydın | Cemalettin Levent

Yayıncı:

Anadolu University

Ana Başlıklar:

Büyüme

Dergi:

Anadolu Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi Vol.24 Issue 1, pp.415-432

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

3/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001314517

pISSN:

2667-8683

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 Crime is one of the most important socio-economic problems that countries face. Therefore, it is important to examine the factors that cause crime and affect the crime rate. In this context, this study aims to econometrically investigate the effects of migration, urbanization, and economic growth factors on crime. For this purpose, firstly, a literature review is conducted, and then cross-sectional dependence and homogeneity tests are applied by utilizing the 1990-2021 data of 11 selected OECD member countries. Then, the stationarity of the series is analyzed by CIPS unit root test and cointegration relationship is analyzed by Westerlund cointegration test. Moreover, the causality relationship between the series is analyzed using Dumitrescu-Hurlin panel and country-specific causality tests. Finally, coefficients are estimated using the least squares method and robust least squares method. According to the findings of the study, urbanization causes crime and crime causes migration. In addition, immigration is the cause of crime in Germany and Japan, while crime is the cause of immigration in Costa Rica, Germany, the Netherlands, and Sweden; urbanization is the cause of crime in Mexico, Australia, Germany and Spain, while crime is the cause of urbanization in Japan and Spain; economic growth is the cause of crime in Colombia, while crime is not the cause of economic growth in any country. According to the results of least squares method and robust least squares method, migration variable decreases crime rates, while urbanization and economic growth variables increase crime rates.

 Crime is one of the most important socio-economic problems that countries face. Therefore, it is important to examine the factors that cause crime and affect the crime rate. In this context, this study aims to econometrically investigate the effects of migration, urbanization, and economic growth factors on crime. For this purpose, firstly, a literature review is conducted, and then cross-sectional dependence and homogeneity tests are applied by utilizing the 1990-2021 data of 11 selected OECD member countries. Then, the stationarity of the series is analyzed by CIPS unit root test and cointegration relationship is analyzed by Westerlund cointegration test. Moreover, the causality relationship between the series is analyzed using Dumitrescu-Hurlin panel and country-specific causality tests. Finally, coefficients are estimated using the least squares method and robust least squares method. According to the findings of the study, urbanization causes crime and crime causes migration. In addition, immigration is the cause of crime in Germany and Japan, while crime is the cause of immigration in Costa Rica, Germany, the Netherlands, and Sweden; urbanization is the cause of crime in Mexico, Australia, Germany and Spain, while crime is the cause of urbanization in Japan and Spain; economic growth is the cause of crime in Colombia, while crime is not the cause of economic growth in any country. According to the results of least squares method and robust least squares method, migration variable decreases crime rates, while urbanization and economic growth variables increase crime rates.

 Crime is one of the most important socio-economic problems that countries face. Therefore, it is important to examine the factors that cause crime and affect the crime rate. In this context, this study aims to econometrically investigate the effects of migration, urbanization, and economic growth factors on crime. For this purpose, firstly, a literature review is conducted, and then cross-sectional dependence and homogeneity tests are applied by utilizing the 1990-2021 data of 11 selected OECD member countries. Then, the stationarity of the series is analyzed by CIPS unit root test and cointegration relationship is analyzed by Westerlund cointegration test. Moreover, the causality relationship between the series is analyzed using Dumitrescu-Hurlin panel and country-specific causality tests. Finally, coefficients are estimated using the least squares method and robust least squares method. According to the findings of the study, urbanization causes crime and crime causes migration. In addition, immigration is the cause of crime in Germany and Japan, while crime is the cause of immigration in Costa Rica, Germany, the Netherlands, and Sweden; urbanization is the cause of crime in Mexico, Australia, Germany and Spain, while crime is the cause of urbanization in Japan and Spain; economic growth is the cause of crime in Colombia, while crime is not the cause of economic growth in any country. According to the results of least squares method and robust least squares method, migration variable decreases crime rates, while urbanization and economic growth variables increase crime rates.

 Ülkelerin karşı karşıya kaldığı en önemli sosyo-ekonomik sorunlardan biri suç olgusudur. Bu nedenle suça neden olan ve suç oranını etkileyen faktörlerin incelenmesi önem arz etmektedir. Bu bağlamda bu çalışmada suç üzerinde etkili olduğu düşünülen göç, kentleşme ve ekonomik büyüme faktörlerinin suç üzerindeki etkilerinin ekonometrik olarak araştırılması amaçlanmaktadır. Bu amaçla çalışmada öncelikle literatür taraması yapılmış, ardından seçilmiş 11 OECD üyesi ülkenin 1990-2021 verilerinden yararlanılarak yatay kesit bağımlılığı ve homojenite testleri uygulanmıştır. Daha sonra CIPS birim kök testi, Westerlund eşbütünleşme testi, Dumitrescu-Hurlin panel ve ülkeye özgü nedensellik testleri, en küçük kareler yöntemi ve robust en küçük kareler yöntemi uygulanmıştır. Çalışmada elde edilen bulgulara göre kentleşme suça neden olurken suç da göçe neden olmaktadır. Ayrıca Almanya ve Japonyada göçün suçun nedeni olduğu, Kosta Rika, Almanya, Hollanda ve İsveçte suçun göçün nedeni olduğu; Meksika, Avustralya, Almanya ve İspanyada kentleşmenin suçun nedeni olduğu, Japonya ve İspanyada suçun kentleşmenin nedeni olduğu; Kolombiyada ekonomik büyümenin suçun nedeni olduğu, suçun ise hiçbir ülkede ekonomik büyümenin nedeni olmadığı tespit edilmiştir. En küçük kareler yöntemi ve robust en küçük kareler yöntemi sonuçlarına göre, göç değişkeninin suç oranlarını azalttığı, kentleşme ve ekonomik büyüme değişkenlerinin ise suç oranlarını artırdığı görülmüştür.

Makale detayları

The Impact of Migration, Urbanization and Economic Growth on Crime: An Application on Selected OECD Member Countries

Yazarlar:

Fatma Fehime Aydın | Cemalettin Levent

Yayıncı:

Anadolu University

Ana Başlıklar:

Büyüme

Dergi:

Anadolu Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi Vol.24 Issue 1, pp.415-432

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

3/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001314517

pISSN:

2667-8683

Migration

Urbanization

Economic Growth

Crime

Dumitrescu-Hurlin Causality Analysis

Robust Least Squares MethodGöç

Kentleşme

Ekonomik Büyüme

Suç

Dumitrescu-Hurlin Nedensellik Analizi

Robust En Küçük Kareler Yöntemi

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Fatma Fehime Aydın | Cemalettin Levent

Yayıncı: Anadolu University

Ana Başlıklar: Büyüme

Dergi: Anadolu Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi Vol.24 Issue 1, pp.415-432

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 3/2024

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001314517

pISSN: 2667-8683

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Fatma Fehime Aydın | Cemalettin Levent

Yayıncı:

Anadolu University

Ana Başlıklar:

Büyüme

Dergi:

Anadolu Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi Vol.24 Issue 1, pp.415-432

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

3/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001314517

pISSN:

2667-8683