A Typological and Chronological Assessment of The Glass Artifacts From The Hypostyle Fountain at Labraunda

Ömür Dünya Çakmaklı

Makale detayları

A Typological and Chronological Assessment of The Glass Artifacts From The Hypostyle Fountain at Labraunda

Yazarlar:

Ömür Dünya Çakmaklı

Yayıncı:

Ondokuz Mayıs University

Ana Başlıklar:

Arkeoloji Bilimi | Klasik Dönem Arkeolojisi | Arkeoloji (Diğer)

Dergi:

PROPONTICA Vol.3 Issue 5, pp.95-121

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

3/2025

Belge Dili:

İngilizce

Document ID (Org No.):

2001344005

pISSN:

2980-132X

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 This study examines the glass artifacts recovered from the Hypostyle Fountain, situated within the sanctuary of Zeus Labraundos in the Caria Region, which is recognized as one of the most significant structures of the site. The excavation and documentation of the Hypostyle Fountain, recognized as the largest, possibly the earliest, and most monumental fountain house at Labraunda, were completed between 2013 and 2015. Architectural techniques and archaeological evidence suggest that the fountain was constructed during the Hecatomnid satrapy c. 395-330 BC. The chronological range of the buildings use spans a considerable period, commencing in this period and extending into the Middle Byzantine Period. The work presented herein constitutes a significant advancement and a critical component of the Labraunda Glass Project conducted from 2014 to 2017. This project encompasses the documentation and typological evaluation of all glass vessels uncovered at Labraunda from the start of the excavations in 1948 until 2016. Hence, it was feasible to assess the glass artifacts from the Hypostyle Fountain in relation to those from other sectors of the sanctuary. The quantity and quality of the glass finds are sufficient to elucidate the character of the building. These artifacts exhibit a diverse range of construction and decorative techniques, as well as various forms and colors. The findings include typologically characteristic examples; however, there are also instances that can be regarded as unique, both within the region and across other find centers from the same period. It is also possible to trace the periods of the buildings use in parallel with the glass artifacts.

 This study examines the glass artifacts recovered from the Hypostyle Fountain, situated within the sanctuary of Zeus Labraundos in the Caria Region, which is recognized as one of the most significant structures of the site. The excavation and documentation of the Hypostyle Fountain, recognized as the largest, possibly the earliest, and most monumental fountain house at Labraunda, were completed between 2013 and 2015. Architectural techniques and archaeological evidence suggest that the fountain was constructed during the Hecatomnid satrapy c. 395-330 BC. The chronological range of the buildings use spans a considerable period, commencing in this period and extending into the Middle Byzantine Period. The work presented herein constitutes a significant advancement and a critical component of the Labraunda Glass Project conducted from 2014 to 2017. This project encompasses the documentation and typological evaluation of all glass vessels uncovered at Labraunda from the start of the excavations in 1948 until 2016. Hence, it was feasible to assess the glass artifacts from the Hypostyle Fountain in relation to those from other sectors of the sanctuary. The quantity and quality of the glass finds are sufficient to elucidate the character of the building. These artifacts exhibit a diverse range of construction and decorative techniques, as well as various forms and colors. The findings include typologically characteristic examples; however, there are also instances that can be regarded as unique, both within the region and across other find centers from the same period. It is also possible to trace the periods of the buildings use in parallel with the glass artifacts.

 This study examines the glass artifacts recovered from the Hypostyle Fountain, situated within the sanctuary of Zeus Labraundos in the Caria Region, which is recognized as one of the most significant structures of the site. The excavation and documentation of the Hypostyle Fountain, recognized as the largest, possibly the earliest, and most monumental fountain house at Labraunda, were completed between 2013 and 2015. Architectural techniques and archaeological evidence suggest that the fountain was constructed during the Hecatomnid satrapy c. 395-330 BC. The chronological range of the buildings use spans a considerable period, commencing in this period and extending into the Middle Byzantine Period. The work presented herein constitutes a significant advancement and a critical component of the Labraunda Glass Project conducted from 2014 to 2017. This project encompasses the documentation and typological evaluation of all glass vessels uncovered at Labraunda from the start of the excavations in 1948 until 2016. Hence, it was feasible to assess the glass artifacts from the Hypostyle Fountain in relation to those from other sectors of the sanctuary. The quantity and quality of the glass finds are sufficient to elucidate the character of the building. These artifacts exhibit a diverse range of construction and decorative techniques, as well as various forms and colors. The findings include typologically characteristic examples; however, there are also instances that can be regarded as unique, both within the region and across other find centers from the same period. It is also possible to trace the periods of the buildings use in parallel with the glass artifacts.

 Çalışmamızda, Karia Bölgesinde Zeus Labraundos kutsal alanında yer alan ve kutsal alanın en dikkat çekici yapılarından birini oluşturan Hypostile Çeşmesinden ele geçen cam buluntuları ele alınmaktadır. Labraundadaki en büyük, olasılıkla en erken ve en anıtsal çeşme evi olarak kabul edilen Hypostile Çeşmesinin kazı ve belgeleme çalışmaları 2013-2015 yılları arasında tamamlanmıştır. Mimari teknikler ve diğer arkeolojik veriler çeşmenin Hekatomnid satraplığı MÖ y. 395-330 himayesinde inşa edildiğini büyük ölçüde göstermektedir. Yapının kullanımına ilişkin kronolojik yelpaze, bu dönemden başlayarak Orta Bizans Dönemi içlerine kadar süren geniş bir dönemi kapsamaktadır. Burada sunulan çalışma 2014-2017 yıllarında gerçekleştirilen Labraunda cam projesinin bir basamağı ve önemli bir bileşenidir. Bahsi geçen proje, Labraunda kazılarının başlangıcı olan 1948 yıllarından 2016 yılına kadar Labraunda içerisinde tespit edilen tüm cam kapların dokümantasyonunu ve tipolojik değerlendirmesini içermektedir. Dolayısıyla Hypostile Çeşmesi cam buluntularını, kutsal alanının diğer sektörlerinde tespit edilen buluntularla karşılaştırmalı olarak değerlendirmek mümkün olmuştur. Yapının cam buluntuları yapının karakterini ortaya koymaya yetecek nicelik ve niteliktedir. Yapım ve dekorasyon teknikleri, farklı formlar ve renkler açısından zengindir. Buluntular arasında tipolojik olarak son derece karakteristik örnekler olmakla birlikte hem bölge hem de dönemin diğer buluntu merkezleri açısından tekil kabul edilebilecek örnekler de söz konusudur. Dahası, yapının kullanım dönemlerini de cam buluntularla paralel olarak takip etmek mümkünüdür.

Makale detayları

A Typological and Chronological Assessment of The Glass Artifacts From The Hypostyle Fountain at Labraunda

Yazarlar:

Ömür Dünya Çakmaklı

Yayıncı:

Ondokuz Mayıs University

Ana Başlıklar:

Arkeoloji Bilimi | Klasik Dönem Arkeolojisi | Arkeoloji (Diğer)

Dergi:

PROPONTICA Vol.3 Issue 5, pp.95-121

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

3/2025

Belge Dili:

İngilizce

Document ID (Org No.):

2001344005

pISSN:

2980-132X

Labraunda

Karia

Anatolia

Glass

Hecatomnid

ByzantineLabraunda

Karia

Anadolu

Cam

Hekatomnid

Bizans

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Ömür Dünya Çakmaklı

Yayıncı: Ondokuz Mayıs University

Ana Başlıklar: Arkeoloji Bilimi | Klasik Dönem Arkeolojisi | Arkeoloji (Diğer)

Dergi: PROPONTICA Vol.3 Issue 5, pp.95-121

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 3/2025

Belge Dili: İngilizce

Document ID (Org No.): 2001344005

pISSN: 2980-132X

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Ömür Dünya Çakmaklı

Yayıncı:

Ondokuz Mayıs University

Ana Başlıklar:

Arkeoloji Bilimi | Klasik Dönem Arkeolojisi | Arkeoloji (Diğer)

Dergi:

PROPONTICA Vol.3 Issue 5, pp.95-121

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

3/2025

Belge Dili:

İngilizce

Document ID (Org No.):

2001344005

pISSN:

2980-132X