Introduction to Hindu Reckoning in the Traditional Period of Ottomans: Murshid el-Muhasibin

Tuba Oğuz Ceyhan

Makale detayları

Introduction to Hindu Reckoning in the Traditional Period of Ottomans: Murshid el-Muhasibin

Yazarlar:

Tuba Oğuz Ceyhan

Yayıncı:

Süleyman Demirel University

Dergi:

Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi Issue 58, pp.182-194

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

4/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001289062

pISSN:

1300-9435

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 Counting numbers has appeared in different systems operating within different symbols since ancient civilizations. However, the Middle Ages had the strongest effect in terms of guiding the principles of the modern arithmetic and determined the calculus traditions adopted by civilizations in the east or west. When it comes to the period of Ottomans, after the formation of the foundations of the state, different types of calculus are encountered in the texts because of the revival regarding the calculus. But it is understood that the texts written by bookkeepers were based on Hindu reckoning among different calculus traditions in the period when papper and pen were common. So it it is seen that bookkeepers had a big role in these mathematical texts which is written in Turkish. These texts do not consist of basic arithmetic nor do they reflect a calculation that can revive the number theory. However, the section of mukaddime introduction of Clerk Alaeddin Yusufs Turkish text named Murshid el-Muhasibin makes the text one of the best books representing Hindu reckoning in the Ottomans, because of the contents about main concepts and principles of Hindu reckoning and also philosophical discussions such as unity-plurality. In our study, it is focused on the foundation of Hindu reckoning in the Ottomans in the centre of the section of mukaddime which makes Murshid el-Muhasibin distinguished. Thus, it was tried to clear the possible sources and effects of the text by revealing the place of it in Ottoman traditional period.

 Counting numbers has appeared in different systems operating within different symbols since ancient civilizations. However, the Middle Ages had the strongest effect in terms of guiding the principles of the modern arithmetic and determined the calculus traditions adopted by civilizations in the east or west. When it comes to the period of Ottomans, after the formation of the foundations of the state, different types of calculus are encountered in the texts because of the revival regarding the calculus. But it is understood that the texts written by bookkeepers were based on Hindu reckoning among different calculus traditions in the period when papper and pen were common. So it it is seen that bookkeepers had a big role in these mathematical texts which is written in Turkish. These texts do not consist of basic arithmetic nor do they reflect a calculation that can revive the number theory. However, the section of mukaddime introduction of Clerk Alaeddin Yusufs Turkish text named Murshid el-Muhasibin makes the text one of the best books representing Hindu reckoning in the Ottomans, because of the contents about main concepts and principles of Hindu reckoning and also philosophical discussions such as unity-plurality. In our study, it is focused on the foundation of Hindu reckoning in the Ottomans in the centre of the section of mukaddime which makes Murshid el-Muhasibin distinguished. Thus, it was tried to clear the possible sources and effects of the text by revealing the place of it in Ottoman traditional period.

 Counting numbers has appeared in different systems operating within different symbols since ancient civilizations. However, the Middle Ages had the strongest effect in terms of guiding the principles of the modern arithmetic and determined the calculus traditions adopted by civilizations in the east or west. When it comes to the period of Ottomans, after the formation of the foundations of the state, different types of calculus are encountered in the texts because of the revival regarding the calculus. But it is understood that the texts written by bookkeepers were based on Hindu reckoning among different calculus traditions in the period when papper and pen were common. So it it is seen that bookkeepers had a big role in these mathematical texts which is written in Turkish. These texts do not consist of basic arithmetic nor do they reflect a calculation that can revive the number theory. However, the section of mukaddime introduction of Clerk Alaeddin Yusufs Turkish text named Murshid el-Muhasibin makes the text one of the best books representing Hindu reckoning in the Ottomans, because of the contents about main concepts and principles of Hindu reckoning and also philosophical discussions such as unity-plurality. In our study, it is focused on the foundation of Hindu reckoning in the Ottomans in the centre of the section of mukaddime which makes Murshid el-Muhasibin distinguished. Thus, it was tried to clear the possible sources and effects of the text by revealing the place of it in Ottoman traditional period.

 Sayı saymak anlamında mastar olarak kullanılan hesap; eski çağ uygarlıklarından itibaren farklı simgelerle vücuda gelerek, farklı sistemler çerçevesinde işlenmiştir. Ancak, ortaçağ, çağdaş dünyada kullanılan aritmetik anlayışının prensiplerine yön vermiş olması bakımından en güçlü etkiyi yapmış, doğu veyahut batıdaki uygarlıkların benimsedikleri hesap geleneklerinde belirleyici olmuştur. Osmanlılar dönemine gelindiğinde ise devlet teşkilatının temellerinin oluşmasının ardından, hesap adına son derece canlı bir döneme girildiğinden ötürü, kaleme alınan metinlerde, hesapın farklı türlerine rastlanmıştır. Fakat, genel hesap kitaplarının dilinin Türkçeye dönüştüğü klasik dönemde, Kâtiplerin muhasebecilerin ağırlığı görülmekte ve kâğıt ve kalemin de yaygın olduğu bu zaman diliminde, Kâtipler tarafından telif edilen metinlerde farklı hesap türleri arasından hindî hesabın esas alındığı anlaşılmaktadır. Bu metinler aslında temel aritmetikten ibaret olmadığı gibi, sayılar teorisini canlandıracak bir hesap anlayışını da yansıtmamaktadır. Ancak, Kâtip Alaadin Yusufun Mürşidül-Muhasibîn isimli Türkçe eserinin mukaddime girişsi; Hint hesabıyla ilgili ana kavramları, ilkeleri ve birlik-çokluk gibi felsefi bahisleri içerdiğinden ötürü, eseri önemli bir seviyeye taşımış olup, Osmanlılarda Hindî hesabı temsil eden en iyi eserlerden biri haline getirmiştir. Çalışmamızda Mürşidül-Muhâsibînin temayüz ettiği ve Hindî hesaba giriş mahiyetindeki mukaddime bölümü merkeze alınarak, Hindî hesabın Osmanlılardaki temelleri üzerinde durulmuştur. Böylece, metnin Osmanlı klasik dönem matematiğindeki yeri ortaya çıkarılmaya çalışılarak, muhtemel kaynakları ve etkisine dair noktalara ışık tutulmaya gayret edilmiştir.

Makale detayları

Introduction to Hindu Reckoning in the Traditional Period of Ottomans: Murshid el-Muhasibin

Yazarlar:

Tuba Oğuz Ceyhan

Yayıncı:

Süleyman Demirel University

Dergi:

Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi Issue 58, pp.182-194

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

4/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001289062

pISSN:

1300-9435

Ottoman

Mathematics

Hindu Reckoning

Clerk Alaeddin Yusuf

Murshid el-MuhasibinOsmanlı

Matematik

Hindî Hesap

Kâtip Alaeddin Yusuf

Mürşid el- Muhasibin

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Tuba Oğuz Ceyhan

Yayıncı: Süleyman Demirel University

Dergi: Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi Issue 58, pp.182-194

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 4/2023

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001289062

pISSN: 1300-9435

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Tuba Oğuz Ceyhan

Yayıncı:

Süleyman Demirel University

Dergi:

Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi Issue 58, pp.182-194

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

4/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001289062

pISSN:

1300-9435