ŞÂM-I GARIBÂN IN CLASSICAL TURKISH POETRY

Eda Tok

Makale detayları

ŞÂM-I GARIBÂN IN CLASSICAL TURKISH POETRY

Yazarlar:

Eda Tok

Yayıncı:

Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli University

Ana Başlıklar:

Bölgesel Çalışmalar

Dergi:

Türk Kültürü ve Hacı Bektaş Veli Araştırma Dergisi Issue 108, pp.245-258

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001305675

pISSN:

1306-8253

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 Poets of the classical Ottoman era incorporated into their poetry the characteristics of the society in which they lived, their way of life, and almost every object they encountered in their daily lives as a means to express their emotions and thoughts. Generally, the poets included common words, concepts, and phrases in their poems. However, in addition to the basic meanings of the words and concepts, poets used the metaphorical and secondary meanings and connotations of these concepts in their poetry, and utilized word play and rich associations of words through literary arts. One of the striking expressions that poets used in their poems is Şâm-ı garibân. This phrase has various meanings. It refers to an evening that is melancholic and sorrowful, and it is also used to refer to the evening of the day someone dies and is buried. For Shiites, Şâm-ı garibân refers to the evening of the calamity that befell Imam Hussein and his companions. The evening of the tenth day of Muharram, when Imam Hussein was martyred and the ahl el-bayt were taken captive by the soldiers of Yezid, is also called Şâm-ı garibân. Additionally, this expression is used to denote the evening of the poor and destitute, who feel more distressed when the night falls. The aim of this study is to examine the use of the expression Şâm-ı garibân in classical Turkish poetry. First, we have identified couplets where this expression is used by examining the diwans of poets. Before discussing the couplets, we will provide information from sources about the expression Şâm-ı garibân. We will then analyse all identified couplets and present selected examples to show the various meanings of the expression Şâm-ı garibân in classical Turkish poetry and to determine which meaning is more dominant in the poems. Therefore, we will reveal what the concept of Şâm-ı garibân means and connotes in the rich world of classical Turkish poetry, and how frequently it is used.

 Poets of the classical Ottoman era incorporated into their poetry the characteristics of the society in which they lived, their way of life, and almost every object they encountered in their daily lives as a means to express their emotions and thoughts. Generally, the poets included common words, concepts, and phrases in their poems. However, in addition to the basic meanings of the words and concepts, poets used the metaphorical and secondary meanings and connotations of these concepts in their poetry, and utilized word play and rich associations of words through literary arts. One of the striking expressions that poets used in their poems is Şâm-ı garibân. This phrase has various meanings. It refers to an evening that is melancholic and sorrowful, and it is also used to refer to the evening of the day someone dies and is buried. For Shiites, Şâm-ı garibân refers to the evening of the calamity that befell Imam Hussein and his companions. The evening of the tenth day of Muharram, when Imam Hussein was martyred and the ahl el-bayt were taken captive by the soldiers of Yezid, is also called Şâm-ı garibân. Additionally, this expression is used to denote the evening of the poor and destitute, who feel more distressed when the night falls. The aim of this study is to examine the use of the expression Şâm-ı garibân in classical Turkish poetry. First, we have identified couplets where this expression is used by examining the diwans of poets. Before discussing the couplets, we will provide information from sources about the expression Şâm-ı garibân. We will then analyse all identified couplets and present selected examples to show the various meanings of the expression Şâm-ı garibân in classical Turkish poetry and to determine which meaning is more dominant in the poems. Therefore, we will reveal what the concept of Şâm-ı garibân means and connotes in the rich world of classical Turkish poetry, and how frequently it is used.

 Poets of the classical Ottoman era incorporated into their poetry the characteristics of the society in which they lived, their way of life, and almost every object they encountered in their daily lives as a means to express their emotions and thoughts. Generally, the poets included common words, concepts, and phrases in their poems. However, in addition to the basic meanings of the words and concepts, poets used the metaphorical and secondary meanings and connotations of these concepts in their poetry, and utilized word play and rich associations of words through literary arts. One of the striking expressions that poets used in their poems is Şâm-ı garibân. This phrase has various meanings. It refers to an evening that is melancholic and sorrowful, and it is also used to refer to the evening of the day someone dies and is buried. For Shiites, Şâm-ı garibân refers to the evening of the calamity that befell Imam Hussein and his companions. The evening of the tenth day of Muharram, when Imam Hussein was martyred and the ahl el-bayt were taken captive by the soldiers of Yezid, is also called Şâm-ı garibân. Additionally, this expression is used to denote the evening of the poor and destitute, who feel more distressed when the night falls. The aim of this study is to examine the use of the expression Şâm-ı garibân in classical Turkish poetry. First, we have identified couplets where this expression is used by examining the diwans of poets. Before discussing the couplets, we will provide information from sources about the expression Şâm-ı garibân. We will then analyse all identified couplets and present selected examples to show the various meanings of the expression Şâm-ı garibân in classical Turkish poetry and to determine which meaning is more dominant in the poems. Therefore, we will reveal what the concept of Şâm-ı garibân means and connotes in the rich world of classical Turkish poetry, and how frequently it is used.

 Divan şairleri yaşadıkları toplumun özelliklerine, yaşayış biçimlerine, günlük hayatta karşılaştıkları hemen her nesneye şiirlerinde yer vermiş, duygu ve düşüncelerini anlatmak için bu unsurları birer araç olarak kullanmışlardır. Şairler şiirlerinde genel itibarıyla ortak kelime, kavram ve deyimlere yer vermişlerdir. Ancak şairler, kelime ve kavramların bilinen temel anlamlarının yanında kavramların mecaz, yan anlamlarını ve çağrışımlarını da şiirlerinde kullanmışlar; edebî sanatlar yoluyla söz oyunlarına ve kelimelerin zengin çağrışımlarına çeşitli vesilelerle yer vermişlerdir. Şairlerin şiirlerinde dikkatimizi çeken ifadelerden biri de Şâm-ı garibân ibaresidir. Akşamı hüzünlü, gamlı akşam, garipler akşamı demek olan Şâm-ı garibân ifadesinin çeşitli anlamları bulunmaktadır. Bir kimsenin öldüğü, defnedildiği günün akşamına şâm-ı garibân denilmektedir. Şiilere göre şâm-ı garibân, Hz. Hüseyin ve arkadaşlarının başına gelen musibetin akşamını ifade etmektedir. Hz. Hüseyinin şehit edildiği muharremin onuncu günü akşamına, ehl-i beytin Yezidin askerine esir düştüğü geceye Şâm-ı garîbân denilmektedir. Aynı zamanda gariplerin akşam olunca daha çok dertlendiğini ifade etmek için de bu zamana akşam garipliği anlamında şâm-ı garibân denilmiştir. Çalışmamızın konusunu da dikkatimizi çeken şâm-ı garibân ibaresinin şiirlerdeki kullanımı oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmamız için öncelikle şairlerin divanları taranarak şâm-ı garibân ibaresinin kullanıldığı beyitler tespit edilmiştir. Tespit edilen beyitlerin incelenmesine geçmeden önce şâm-ı garibân ibaresi hakkında kaynaklardan elde edinilen bilgilere yer verilecektir. Tespit edilen tüm beyitler incelenip seçilen örnek beyitler sunularak şâm-ı garibân ibaresinin Klasik Türk şiirinde hangi anlamlarıyla yer aldığı ve hangi anlamdaki kullanımın şiirlerde daha ağır bastığı gösterilmeye çalışılacaktır. Böylece klasik Türk şiirinin zengin anlam dünyasında şâm-ı garibân kavramının ne ifade ettiği, ne çağrıştırdığı, kullanım sıklığının ne kadar olduğu da ortaya konulmuş olacaktır.

Makale detayları

ŞÂM-I GARIBÂN IN CLASSICAL TURKISH POETRY

Yazarlar:

Eda Tok

Yayıncı:

Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli University

Ana Başlıklar:

Bölgesel Çalışmalar

Dergi:

Türk Kültürü ve Hacı Bektaş Veli Araştırma Dergisi Issue 108, pp.245-258

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001305675

pISSN:

1306-8253

Classical Turkish poetry

Poets

Şâm-ı garibân.Klasik Türk Şiiri

Divan

Şair

Şâm-ı Garibân.

Sayı

Makale detayları

ŞÂM-I GARIBÂN IN CLASSICAL TURKISH POETRY

Yazarlar: Eda Tok

Yayıncı: Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli University

Ana Başlıklar: Bölgesel Çalışmalar

Dergi: Türk Kültürü ve Hacı Bektaş Veli Araştırma Dergisi Issue 108, pp.245-258

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 12/2023

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001305675

pISSN: 1306-8253

Classical Turkish poetry

Poets

Şâm-ı garibân.Klasik Türk Şiiri

Divan

Şair

Şâm-ı Garibân.

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Eda Tok

Yayıncı:

Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli University

Ana Başlıklar:

Bölgesel Çalışmalar

Dergi:

Türk Kültürü ve Hacı Bektaş Veli Araştırma Dergisi Issue 108, pp.245-258

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001305675

pISSN:

1306-8253