Reading Transformation in the Context of Identity and Function:  Istanbul from Church to Mosque

Esra Tokat

Makale detayları

Reading Transformation in the Context of Identity and Function: Istanbul from Church to Mosque

Yazarlar:

Esra Tokat

Yayıncı:

Trakya University

Ana Başlıklar:

Kültür | Temsil ve Kimlik | Mimarlık Tarihi | Sanat Tarihi

Dergi:

Trakya Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.15 Issue 29, pp.75-95

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

1/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001339395

pISSN:

1309-7660

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 In this study, the transformation of Istanbul after the conquest; It was examined through the changing social structure and the works transformed accordingly, and the suitability of the buildings of different plan types, which were transformed to serve the same purpose, for their new functions was discussed. The reason for choosing religious buildings in the context of refunctioning is that there are many concrete and accessibleobservable examples in Istanbul and that they provide an opportunity to discuss the issue of refunctioning in the context of needs. In the study, five church buildings converted into mosques with different plan types were selected and examined using on-site observation and literature research methods. In order to better analyze the transformation processes, attention was paid to include buildings from different periods and with different plan types built during the Byzantine architecture, in this study. Since taking only the first construction dates of the buildings as a basis would prevent a full analysis of the approaches in the transformation process, structures that were intervened in two different time periods focused on the transformation of churches by the Ottoman Empire were specifically included. These are the churches that were transformed immediately after the conquest, which we can call the first wave, and the church structures that were subject to the transformation movements of the Bayezid II. period, which we can call the second wave. The identified buildings were first examined within the framework of their regional locations and reasons for transformation, and the impact of the need on the new function was discussed. Then, the interventions made in line with the needs for the new functions to be given on the buildings were revealed. Thus, the main subject of the article, the reasons for the transformation of buildings of different plan types and their suitability for their new functions has been questioned.

 In this study, the transformation of Istanbul after the conquest; It was examined through the changing social structure and the works transformed accordingly, and the suitability of the buildings of different plan types, which were transformed to serve the same purpose, for their new functions was discussed. The reason for choosing religious buildings in the context of refunctioning is that there are many concrete and accessibleobservable examples in Istanbul and that they provide an opportunity to discuss the issue of refunctioning in the context of needs. In the study, five church buildings converted into mosques with different plan types were selected and examined using on-site observation and literature research methods. In order to better analyze the transformation processes, attention was paid to include buildings from different periods and with different plan types built during the Byzantine architecture, in this study. Since taking only the first construction dates of the buildings as a basis would prevent a full analysis of the approaches in the transformation process, structures that were intervened in two different time periods focused on the transformation of churches by the Ottoman Empire were specifically included. These are the churches that were transformed immediately after the conquest, which we can call the first wave, and the church structures that were subject to the transformation movements of the Bayezid II. period, which we can call the second wave. The identified buildings were first examined within the framework of their regional locations and reasons for transformation, and the impact of the need on the new function was discussed. Then, the interventions made in line with the needs for the new functions to be given on the buildings were revealed. Thus, the main subject of the article, the reasons for the transformation of buildings of different plan types and their suitability for their new functions has been questioned.

 In this study, the transformation of Istanbul after the conquest; It was examined through the changing social structure and the works transformed accordingly, and the suitability of the buildings of different plan types, which were transformed to serve the same purpose, for their new functions was discussed. The reason for choosing religious buildings in the context of refunctioning is that there are many concrete and accessibleobservable examples in Istanbul and that they provide an opportunity to discuss the issue of refunctioning in the context of needs. In the study, five church buildings converted into mosques with different plan types were selected and examined using on-site observation and literature research methods. In order to better analyze the transformation processes, attention was paid to include buildings from different periods and with different plan types built during the Byzantine architecture, in this study. Since taking only the first construction dates of the buildings as a basis would prevent a full analysis of the approaches in the transformation process, structures that were intervened in two different time periods focused on the transformation of churches by the Ottoman Empire were specifically included. These are the churches that were transformed immediately after the conquest, which we can call the first wave, and the church structures that were subject to the transformation movements of the Bayezid II. period, which we can call the second wave. The identified buildings were first examined within the framework of their regional locations and reasons for transformation, and the impact of the need on the new function was discussed. Then, the interventions made in line with the needs for the new functions to be given on the buildings were revealed. Thus, the main subject of the article, the reasons for the transformation of buildings of different plan types and their suitability for their new functions has been questioned.

 Bu çalışmada, İstanbulun fetih sonrası yaşadığı dönüşüm; değişen toplumsal yapı ve buna bağlı olarak dönüştürülen eserler üzerinden okunmuş, aynı amaca hizmet etmek üzere dönüşüme uğramış farklı plan tiplerindeki yapıların yeni işlevleri için uygunlukları tartışılmıştır. Yeniden işlevlendirme bağlamında dini yapıların seçilmesinin nedeni, hem İstanbulda birçok somut ve erişilebilirgözlemlenebilir örneğin bulunması hem de yeniden işlevlendirme konusunu, ihtiyaçlar bağlamında tartışmaya fırsat sunmasıdır. Çalışmada, camiye dönüştürülmüş farklı plan tiplerine sahip beş adet kilise yapısı seçilerek yerinde gözlem ve literatür araştırması yöntemleriyle incelenmiştir. Dönüşüm süreçlerini daha iyi tahlil edebilmek adına, Bizansın muhtelif dönemlerinde inşa edilmiş ve özgün durumlarında Bizans mimarlığı süresince ortaya konmuş farklı plan tiplerine sahip yapılara yer verilmesine dikkat edilmiştir. Yapıların sadece ilk inşa tarihlerinin esas alınması, dönüşüm sürecindeki yaklaşımların tam olarak analizini engelleyeceğinden, Osmanlının dönüşüm odaklı iki farklı zaman diliminde müdahale edilmiş yapılara özellikle yer verilmiştir. Bunlar, Bizans mimarlığı süresince değişik dönemlerde inşa edilmiş ve fethin hemen ardından gelen ilk dalga dönüşüm faaliyetleri ile ikinci dalga olarak nitelendirebileceğimiz II. Bayezid dönemi dönüşüm hareketlerine konu olan kilise yapılarıdır. Belirlenen yapılar öncelikle konumları ve dönüşüm gerekçeleri çerçevesinde incelenerek ihtiyacın yeni işlev üzerindeki etkisi tartışılmıştır. Daha sonra yapılara yeni işlevleri için duyulan ihtiyaçlar doğrultusunda yapılan müdahaleler ortaya konmuştur. Böylece makalenin ana konusu olan farklı plan tiplerindeki yapıların dönüşüm gerekçeleri ve yeni işlevleri için uygunluğu irdelenmiştir.

Makale detayları

Reading Transformation in the Context of Identity and Function: Istanbul from Church to Mosque

Yazarlar:

Esra Tokat

Yayıncı:

Trakya University

Ana Başlıklar:

Kültür | Temsil ve Kimlik | Mimarlık Tarihi | Sanat Tarihi

Dergi:

Trakya Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.15 Issue 29, pp.75-95

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

1/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001339395

pISSN:

1309-7660

Architecture and Art History

Istanbul

Re-functioning

Mosque

ChurchMimarlık ve Sanat Tarihi

İstanbul

Yeniden İşlevlendirme

Cami

Kilise

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Esra Tokat

Yayıncı: Trakya University

Ana Başlıklar: Kültür | Temsil ve Kimlik | Mimarlık Tarihi | Sanat Tarihi

Dergi: Trakya Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.15 Issue 29, pp.75-95

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 1/2025

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001339395

pISSN: 1309-7660

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Esra Tokat

Yayıncı:

Trakya University

Ana Başlıklar:

Kültür | Temsil ve Kimlik | Mimarlık Tarihi | Sanat Tarihi

Dergi:

Trakya Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.15 Issue 29, pp.75-95

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

1/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001339395

pISSN:

1309-7660