Effect of precipitation inhibitors on supersaturation and solubility of furosemide

Tuğba Gülsün İnal; Naile Öztürk; Selma Şahin; İmran Vural

Makale detayları

Effect of precipitation inhibitors on supersaturation and solubility of furosemide

Yazarlar:

Tuğba Gülsün İnal | Naile Öztürk | Selma Şahin | İmran Vural

Yayıncı:

Marmara University

Ana Başlıklar:

Pharmaceutical Delivery Technologies

Dergi:

Journal of Research in Pharmacy Vol.25 Issue 2, pp.209-217

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2025

Belge Dili:

İngilizce

Document ID (Org No.):

2001347812

pISSN:

2630-6344

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 Furosemide is a widely used diuretic drug for the treatment of edema associated with heart, liver cirrhosis, renal diseases and hypertension. It is a Class IV drug with low aqueous solubility and low permeability according to Biopharmaceutics Classification System BCS. Furosemide was chosen as a model drug to examine the effect of polymeric precipitation inhibitors PPIs on the supersaturation and solubility. Solubility and concentration change of furosemide as a function of time at pH 1.2 and 6.8 were determined to show the effects of PPIs on furosemide solubility. The 24 h equilibrium solubility of furosemide was 0.017  0.004 and 3.62 0.201 mgmL at pH 1.2 and pH 6.8 buffer solutions, respectively. PPI type and concentration 0.05, 0.25 did not increase furosemide solubility at pH 1.2. However, both hydroxypropylmethylcellulose HPMC and polyvinylpyrrolidoneK17 PVPK17 at two concentrations increased furosemide solubility at pH 1.2 and 6.8. In addition, viscosity of solutions was in the range of 2.2-3.7 centipoise, and it was not influenced by PPIs concentrations. Our results showed that designing supersaturated formulations using PPIs can be useful and promising to enhance solubility of furosemide.

 Furosemide is a widely used diuretic drug for the treatment of edema associated with heart, liver cirrhosis, renal diseases and hypertension. It is a Class IV drug with low aqueous solubility and low permeability according to Biopharmaceutics Classification System BCS. Furosemide was chosen as a model drug to examine the effect of polymeric precipitation inhibitors PPIs on the supersaturation and solubility. Solubility and concentration change of furosemide as a function of time at pH 1.2 and 6.8 were determined to show the effects of PPIs on furosemide solubility. The 24 h equilibrium solubility of furosemide was 0.017  0.004 and 3.62 0.201 mgmL at pH 1.2 and pH 6.8 buffer solutions, respectively. PPI type and concentration 0.05, 0.25 did not increase furosemide solubility at pH 1.2. However, both hydroxypropylmethylcellulose HPMC and polyvinylpyrrolidoneK17 PVPK17 at two concentrations increased furosemide solubility at pH 1.2 and 6.8. In addition, viscosity of solutions was in the range of 2.2-3.7 centipoise, and it was not influenced by PPIs concentrations. Our results showed that designing supersaturated formulations using PPIs can be useful and promising to enhance solubility of furosemide.

 Furosemide is a widely used diuretic drug for the treatment of edema associated with heart, liver cirrhosis, renal diseases and hypertension. It is a Class IV drug with low aqueous solubility and low permeability according to Biopharmaceutics Classification System BCS. Furosemide was chosen as a model drug to examine the effect of polymeric precipitation inhibitors PPIs on the supersaturation and solubility. Solubility and concentration change of furosemide as a function of time at pH 1.2 and 6.8 were determined to show the effects of PPIs on furosemide solubility. The 24 h equilibrium solubility of furosemide was 0.017  0.004 and 3.62 0.201 mgmL at pH 1.2 and pH 6.8 buffer solutions, respectively. PPI type and concentration 0.05, 0.25 did not increase furosemide solubility at pH 1.2. However, both hydroxypropylmethylcellulose HPMC and polyvinylpyrrolidoneK17 PVPK17 at two concentrations increased furosemide solubility at pH 1.2 and 6.8. In addition, viscosity of solutions was in the range of 2.2-3.7 centipoise, and it was not influenced by PPIs concentrations. Our results showed that designing supersaturated formulations using PPIs can be useful and promising to enhance solubility of furosemide.

 Furosemide is a widely used diuretic drug for the treatment of edema associated with heart, liver cirrhosis, renal diseases and hypertension. It is a Class IV drug with low aqueous solubility and low permeability according to Biopharmaceutics Classification System BCS. Furosemide was chosen as a model drug to examine the effect of polymeric precipitation inhibitors PPIs on the supersaturation and solubility. Solubility and concentration change of furosemide as a function of time at pH 1.2 and 6.8 were determined to show the effects of PPIs on furosemide solubility. The 24 h equilibrium solubility of furosemide was 0.017  0.004 and 3.62 0.201 mgmL at pH 1.2 and pH 6.8 buffer solutions, respectively. PPI type and concentration 0.05, 0.25 did not increase furosemide solubility at pH 1.2. However, both hydroxypropylmethylcellulose HPMC and polyvinylpyrrolidoneK17 PVPK17 at two concentrations increased furosemide solubility at pH 1.2 and 6.8. In addition, viscosity of solutions was in the range of 2.2-3.7 centipoise, and it was not influenced by PPIs concentrations. Our results showed that designing supersaturated formulations using PPIs can be useful and promising to enhance solubility of furosemide.

Makale detayları

Effect of precipitation inhibitors on supersaturation and solubility of furosemide

Yazarlar: Tuğba Gülsün İnal | Naile Öztürk | Selma Şahin | İmran Vural

Yayıncı: Marmara University

Ana Başlıklar: Pharmaceutical Delivery Technologies

Dergi: Journal of Research in Pharmacy Vol.25 Issue 2, pp.209-217

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 6/2025

Belge Dili: İngilizce

Document ID (Org No.): 2001347812

pISSN: 2630-6344

Furosemide

precipitation inhibitors

solubility

supersaturation

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Tuğba Gülsün İnal | Naile Öztürk | Selma Şahin | İmran Vural

Yayıncı:

Marmara University

Ana Başlıklar:

Pharmaceutical Delivery Technologies

Dergi:

Journal of Research in Pharmacy Vol.25 Issue 2, pp.209-217

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2025

Belge Dili:

İngilizce

Document ID (Org No.):

2001347812

pISSN:

2630-6344