Effect of Sewage Sludge and Barnyard Manure on Growth, Nutrient Uptake, and Heavy Metal Accumulation in Lettuce

Sibel Boysan Canal

Makale detayları

Effect of Sewage Sludge and Barnyard Manure on Growth, Nutrient Uptake, and Heavy Metal Accumulation in Lettuce

Yazarlar:

Sibel Boysan Canal

Yayıncı:

Karyay Karadeniz Yayımcılık

Ana Başlıklar:

Ekoloji (Diğer) | Ziraat Mühendisliği (Diğer)

Dergi:

Black Sea Journal of Agriculture Vol.8 Issue 4, pp.440-446

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

7/2025

Belge Dili:

İngilizce

Document ID (Org No.):

2001354606

pISSN:

2618-6578

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 This study investigated the effects of barnyard manure and different doses of sewage sludge on yield performance, micronutrient uptake, and heavy metal accumulation in lettuce Lactuca sativa L. under pot conditions. The treatments included: 1 Control, 2 Barnyard manure BYM, 5 ton ha¹, 3 Sewage sludge at 1.25 ton ha¹ SS1, 4 2.5 ton ha¹ SS2, 5 5.0 ton ha¹ SS3, and 6 7.5 ton ha¹ SS4. According to the Soil Water Protection Regulation, the heavy metal concentrations in the sewage sludge remain below the permissible limit for applying sewage sludge to the soil. Results demonstrated that the highest sludge dose 7.5 ton ha¹ significantly enhanced fresh biomass of both shoots and roots compared to BYM. Moreover, sewage sludge treatments improved the concentrations of Fe, Zn, Cu, and Mn in both roots and leaves. However, they also led to elevated accumulation of Cd, Pb, and Cr in root tissues. The observed increase in plant growth is likely attributed to the high nitrogen content and low CN ratio of the sewage sludge, which accelerated organic matter mineralization and enhanced nutrient availability through increased microbial activity. Despite the rise in heavy metal uptake, their concentration per unit of biomass was reduced due to the dilution effect. Overall, the application of sewage sludge to soils with low organic matter significantly improved plant development and nutrient acquisition, albeit with a potential risk of heavy metal accumulation.

 This study investigated the effects of barnyard manure and different doses of sewage sludge on yield performance, micronutrient uptake, and heavy metal accumulation in lettuce Lactuca sativa L. under pot conditions. The treatments included: 1 Control, 2 Barnyard manure BYM, 5 ton ha¹, 3 Sewage sludge at 1.25 ton ha¹ SS1, 4 2.5 ton ha¹ SS2, 5 5.0 ton ha¹ SS3, and 6 7.5 ton ha¹ SS4. According to the Soil Water Protection Regulation, the heavy metal concentrations in the sewage sludge remain below the permissible limit for applying sewage sludge to the soil. Results demonstrated that the highest sludge dose 7.5 ton ha¹ significantly enhanced fresh biomass of both shoots and roots compared to BYM. Moreover, sewage sludge treatments improved the concentrations of Fe, Zn, Cu, and Mn in both roots and leaves. However, they also led to elevated accumulation of Cd, Pb, and Cr in root tissues. The observed increase in plant growth is likely attributed to the high nitrogen content and low CN ratio of the sewage sludge, which accelerated organic matter mineralization and enhanced nutrient availability through increased microbial activity. Despite the rise in heavy metal uptake, their concentration per unit of biomass was reduced due to the dilution effect. Overall, the application of sewage sludge to soils with low organic matter significantly improved plant development and nutrient acquisition, albeit with a potential risk of heavy metal accumulation.

 This study investigated the effects of barnyard manure and different doses of sewage sludge on yield performance, micronutrient uptake, and heavy metal accumulation in lettuce Lactuca sativa L. under pot conditions. The treatments included: 1 Control, 2 Barnyard manure BYM, 5 ton ha¹, 3 Sewage sludge at 1.25 ton ha¹ SS1, 4 2.5 ton ha¹ SS2, 5 5.0 ton ha¹ SS3, and 6 7.5 ton ha¹ SS4. According to the Soil Water Protection Regulation, the heavy metal concentrations in the sewage sludge remain below the permissible limit for applying sewage sludge to the soil. Results demonstrated that the highest sludge dose 7.5 ton ha¹ significantly enhanced fresh biomass of both shoots and roots compared to BYM. Moreover, sewage sludge treatments improved the concentrations of Fe, Zn, Cu, and Mn in both roots and leaves. However, they also led to elevated accumulation of Cd, Pb, and Cr in root tissues. The observed increase in plant growth is likely attributed to the high nitrogen content and low CN ratio of the sewage sludge, which accelerated organic matter mineralization and enhanced nutrient availability through increased microbial activity. Despite the rise in heavy metal uptake, their concentration per unit of biomass was reduced due to the dilution effect. Overall, the application of sewage sludge to soils with low organic matter significantly improved plant development and nutrient acquisition, albeit with a potential risk of heavy metal accumulation.

 This study investigated the effects of barnyard manure and different doses of sewage sludge on yield performance, micronutrient uptake, and heavy metal accumulation in lettuce Lactuca sativa L. under pot conditions. The treatments included: 1 Control, 2 Barnyard manure BYM, 5 ton ha¹, 3 Sewage sludge at 1.25 ton ha¹ SS1, 4 2.5 ton ha¹ SS2, 5 5.0 ton ha¹ SS3, and 6 7.5 ton ha¹ SS4. According to the Soil Water Protection Regulation, the heavy metal concentrations in the sewage sludge remain below the permissible limit for applying sewage sludge to the soil. Results demonstrated that the highest sludge dose 7.5 ton ha¹ significantly enhanced fresh biomass of both shoots and roots compared to BYM. Moreover, sewage sludge treatments improved the concentrations of Fe, Zn, Cu, and Mn in both roots and leaves. However, they also led to elevated accumulation of Cd, Pb, and Cr in root tissues. The observed increase in plant growth is likely attributed to the high nitrogen content and low CN ratio of the sewage sludge, which accelerated organic matter mineralization and enhanced nutrient availability through increased microbial activity. Despite the rise in heavy metal uptake, their concentration per unit of biomass was reduced due to the dilution effect. Overall, the application of sewage sludge to soils with low organic matter significantly improved plant development and nutrient acquisition, albeit with a potential risk of heavy metal accumulation.

Makale detayları

Effect of Sewage Sludge and Barnyard Manure on Growth, Nutrient Uptake, and Heavy Metal Accumulation in Lettuce

Yazarlar:

Sibel Boysan Canal

Yayıncı:

Karyay Karadeniz Yayımcılık

Ana Başlıklar:

Ekoloji (Diğer) | Ziraat Mühendisliği (Diğer)

Dergi:

Black Sea Journal of Agriculture Vol.8 Issue 4, pp.440-446

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

7/2025

Belge Dili:

İngilizce

Document ID (Org No.):

2001354606

pISSN:

2618-6578

Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.)

Biomass production

Micronutrient uptake

Sewage sludge application

Barnyard manureLettuce (Lactuca sativa L.)

Biomass production

Micronutrient uptake

Sewage sludge application

Barnyard manure

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Sibel Boysan Canal

Yayıncı: Karyay Karadeniz Yayımcılık

Ana Başlıklar: Ekoloji (Diğer) | Ziraat Mühendisliği (Diğer)

Dergi: Black Sea Journal of Agriculture Vol.8 Issue 4, pp.440-446

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 7/2025

Belge Dili: İngilizce

Document ID (Org No.): 2001354606

pISSN: 2618-6578

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Sibel Boysan Canal

Yayıncı:

Karyay Karadeniz Yayımcılık

Ana Başlıklar:

Ekoloji (Diğer) | Ziraat Mühendisliği (Diğer)

Dergi:

Black Sea Journal of Agriculture Vol.8 Issue 4, pp.440-446

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

7/2025

Belge Dili:

İngilizce

Document ID (Org No.):

2001354606

pISSN:

2618-6578