Günümüz Türkçe Kur'an Meâlleri Üzerine Bir Tasnif Denemesi

Hikmet KOÇYİĞİT

Makale detayları

Günümüz Türkçe Kur'an Meâlleri Üzerine Bir Tasnif Denemesi

Yazarlar:

Hikmet KOÇYİĞİT

Yayıncı:

Istanbul University

Ana Başlıklar:

Sosyoloji & antropoloji | Din

Dergi:

Journal of Istanbul University Faculty of Theology 2017 Issue 37, pp.79-121

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2017

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2000942708

Sıklık:

İki Yıllık

eISSN:

2651-5083

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 


Günümüzde Kur’ân’a olan ilgi meallere doğrudan yansımakta ve yeni Türkçe
Kur’ân mealleri yazılmaktadır. Bazı meal yazarları Kur’ân mesajını daha iyi
aktarabilmek için açıklama, dipnot, sözlük, parantez gibi yardımcı unsurlara
başvururken; bazıları ise nüzul sırasına veya konularına göre mealler hazırlamaktadır.
Mealler birbirlerinden etkilenmekle birlikte yenilik kaygıları taşıyan
meallerin varlığı da dikkat çekmektedir. Bilhassa 2000’li yıllardan sonra
okuyucunun meal konusundaki beklentilerinin yükselmesi meal sayısının
artmasının yanı sıra meal çeşitliliğinde önemli rol oynamıştır. Mevcut Türkçe
Kur’ân mealleri hem belli bir sayısal çokluğa hem de çeşitliliğe ulaşmış
durumdadır. Bu meallerden istifade edebilmenin yollarından birisi, onları ana
çizgileriyle tanıyıp tasnif etmektir. Ayrıca Türkçe Kur’ân mealleri Türkçe’nin
değişim seyrini ve Türkiye’nin siyâsî, askerî, sosyal ve kültürel tutumlarını
göstermesi bakımından önemli veriler içermektedir. Dolayısıyla bütün bunları
derli toplu biçimde görmek için mevcut mealleri tasnif etmekte fayda vardır. İşte
bu makalede, günümüz Türkçe Kur’ân mealleri, ortak hususiyetleri göz önünde
tutularak sınıflandırılmaya çalışılmaktadır. Ancak yaptığımız bu tasnifin eksik
taraflarının olabileceği gibi itiraza açık yanlarının da bulunduğunu
belirtmeliyiz.


.

 


Today, people’s interest in the Qur’an is directly reflected in the number
of the Qur’an’s translation that are being done. Further, in addition to the
existing Turkish translations of the Qur’an, more of the genre are being done
regularly. Some of the Qur’an translators refer to auxiliary elements, such as
explanations, footnotes, a dictionary, or parentheses, to better convey the
Qur’an’s message, while others prepare translations as per the order or
subjects. A translation of the Qur’an is influenced by the others in the same
genre; however, innovative translations attract the reader’s attention, and
some translations might be regarded as a source for the subsequent ones. From
the perspective of Turkey, the following are the various reasons behind the
translations of the Qur’an gaining momentum: (1) The nationalism movement has
led to an increase in the number of translations. (2) The Qur’an is not an
exclusive right of language experts; everyone has the right to access and
understand it. Hence, there has been an increase in the translated numbers.
Further, all Muslims should understand the principles laid out in the Qur’an.
(3) Orientalists are playing a major role in distribution of Turkish Gospels.
Hence, a change in the readers’ profiles and expectations from the Qu’ran are
important factors leading to an increase in the diversification of the number
in the Qur’an’s translations. Since the 2000s, regarding the Qur’an
translations has been arisen and it played an important role in its diversity
as well. Thus, many translators of the Qur’an refer to their readers in their
books’ preface.


It seems that popular considerations are among the influential factors for
style preferences regarding the Qur’an translation. Likewise, popular
contemporary ideological movements feature the meanings of specific Quran’s
ayahs (verses). The Qur'an translations were not only regarded as mere
translations but also referred as teaching tools. Therefore, we can conclude
the following: (1) the word meanings aim to teach the Qur’an’s readers its
literal meaning, (2) the subject meanings aim to indicate the Qur’an’s content
(3) the textless meanings aim to ensure a constant communication with the
Qur’an without worrying about ablution, and (4) the explanatory meanings aim to
transmit the message of the Qur’an in a more explicatory method.


Qur’an translations prepared according to the descending order began in the
1990s. One of the first examples of this is the interpretation of Elmalılı,
prepared by Mesut Okumuş. First thematic translation in Turkish was published
in 1950 by Ömer Fevzi Mardin. The most popular work in this area is by Ömer
Özsoy and Ilhami Guler, published in 1996. One of the first verse Qur’an
translations covering the entire Qur'an was written by Bedri Noyan Dedebaba
(1912–1997) in 1973, but it was published in 1996. According to our findings,
Besim Atalay (1882–1965) was one of the first Qur’an translators to add a
dictionary, published in 1962, to better understand the old Turkish words. The
most famous example of the non-parenthesis Qur’an translation is that by Yasar
Nuri Öztürk. The work prepared by Hüseyin Atay and Yasar Kutluay by the
Presidency of the Religious Affairs and published in 1961 is the first product
out of the cooperation of the Presidency of Religious Affairs and the Divinity.



Another type of Quran translation is that from foreign languages, which has
contributed to the increase in the number of techniques among the translators
in Turkey. For example, Mevdûdî's translations of the meaning of the entire
sentence into the target language as a whole has led to the translation of its many
verses into passages, and this approach has influenced the writers of the meal
such as Mustafa Öztürk. One of the common Qur’an translations is a simplified
one: the Qur’an translation of the Elmalılı. If simplifying the Qur’an
translation of the Elmalılı that is independent of its interpretation, this was
first published by Eser Neşriyat in 1982. The fact that this work was
registered by the Grand National Assembly is one of the reasons for its
widespread use of the Elmalılı Qur’an translation in the market, and is
accepted by many scholars and publishers because of the abolition of royalties
in 1992.











Current Turkish Qur’an translations are both numerous and diverse. One of
the ways in which you can benefit from these Qur’an translations is to recognize
and classify them using their main lines. Thus, based on the qualifications
that the authors used in their works, the Qur’an translations in Turkey are
divided into the following categories—narrative reason, clarity, lexical order,
without brackets, or simplified. In addition, Turkish Qur’an translations
contain important data in terms of showing the course of change of Turkısh, and
political, military, social and cultural attitudes in Turkey. It is therefore
useful to classify existing Qur’an translations to see all of them in a compact
form. This article attempts to classify today’s Turkish Qur’an translations
according to their common characteristics. However, the classification we used
has some deficiencies; further, it has some aspects open to objection.


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Makale detayları

Günümüz Türkçe Kur'an Meâlleri Üzerine Bir Tasnif Denemesi

Yazarlar:

Hikmet KOÇYİĞİT

Yayıncı:

Istanbul University

Ana Başlıklar:

Sosyoloji & antropoloji | Din

Dergi:

Journal of Istanbul University Faculty of Theology 2017 Issue 37, pp.79-121

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2017

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2000942708

Sıklık:

İki Yıllık

eISSN:

2651-5083

Kur’ân

Meal

Kur’ân Meali

Yazar

Çeşit

Sayı

Makale detayları

Günümüz Türkçe Kur'an Meâlleri Üzerine Bir Tasnif Denemesi

Yazarlar: Hikmet KOÇYİĞİT

Yayıncı: Istanbul University

Ana Başlıklar: Sosyoloji & antropoloji | Din

Dergi: Journal of Istanbul University Faculty of Theology 2017 Issue 37, pp.79-121

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 12/2017

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2000942708

Sıklık: İki Yıllık

eISSN: 2651-5083

Kur’ân

Meal

Kur’ân Meali

Yazar

Çeşit

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Hikmet KOÇYİĞİT

Yayıncı:

Istanbul University

Ana Başlıklar:

Sosyoloji & antropoloji | Din

Dergi:

Journal of Istanbul University Faculty of Theology 2017 Issue 37, pp.79-121

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2017

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2000942708

Sıklık:

İki Yıllık

eISSN:

2651-5083