Veterinary Education in the Ottoman State: The Establishment of the School of Halkalı Agriculture and Veterinary Science

Hacer Yılmaz; Nursel Aksın

Makale detayları

Veterinary Education in the Ottoman State: The Establishment of the School of Halkalı Agriculture and Veterinary Science

Yazarlar:

Hacer Yılmaz | Nursel Aksın

Yayıncı:

Fırat University

Ana Başlıklar:

Osmanlı Eğitim Tarihi

Dergi:

Fırat Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi Vol.35 Issue 1, pp.223-234

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

1/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001338754

pISSN:

1300-9702

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 This article focuses on The School of Halkalı Agriculture and Veterinary Science, founded in 1891. Veterinary medicine is a highly important occupation known since the establishment year of the Ottoman State. The health of animals became an economic necessity in the Ottoman State. Indeed, agriculture is the countrys primary source of livelihood. Animals are utilized in various areas such as agricultural activities, transportation, and nutrition. In addition to this, animals had a main role on the battlefield in terms of the national security. Another necessity is military, arising from the significant role of animals in national security and on the battlefield. This circumtance required the experts in the field of animal health. Until the nineteenth century, the veterinary profession was passed down through Baytarnâme works and the master-apprentice relationship rather than educational institutions. There were only eight veterinarians in the Ottoman land at the time. Veterinary schools training vocational education began to be opened in order to provide for military requirement at the same time. France where veterinary medicine school was opened firstly was taken as an example as a role model. Our work getting started with the short history of veterinary medicine includes the historical process of veterinary medicine. Researching the meaning of the profession of veterinary which is a keystone for the science world for the system of Ottoman education reveals the background of the attempts to become modern. In this study done to highlight the importance of education in the history of veterinary medicine we will analyse the process of establishment, working and syllabus of The School of Halkalı Agriculture and Veterinary Science thourgh the light of information of Ottoman.

 This article focuses on The School of Halkalı Agriculture and Veterinary Science, founded in 1891. Veterinary medicine is a highly important occupation known since the establishment year of the Ottoman State. The health of animals became an economic necessity in the Ottoman State. Indeed, agriculture is the countrys primary source of livelihood. Animals are utilized in various areas such as agricultural activities, transportation, and nutrition. In addition to this, animals had a main role on the battlefield in terms of the national security. Another necessity is military, arising from the significant role of animals in national security and on the battlefield. This circumtance required the experts in the field of animal health. Until the nineteenth century, the veterinary profession was passed down through Baytarnâme works and the master-apprentice relationship rather than educational institutions. There were only eight veterinarians in the Ottoman land at the time. Veterinary schools training vocational education began to be opened in order to provide for military requirement at the same time. France where veterinary medicine school was opened firstly was taken as an example as a role model. Our work getting started with the short history of veterinary medicine includes the historical process of veterinary medicine. Researching the meaning of the profession of veterinary which is a keystone for the science world for the system of Ottoman education reveals the background of the attempts to become modern. In this study done to highlight the importance of education in the history of veterinary medicine we will analyse the process of establishment, working and syllabus of The School of Halkalı Agriculture and Veterinary Science thourgh the light of information of Ottoman.

 This article focuses on The School of Halkalı Agriculture and Veterinary Science, founded in 1891. Veterinary medicine is a highly important occupation known since the establishment year of the Ottoman State. The health of animals became an economic necessity in the Ottoman State. Indeed, agriculture is the countrys primary source of livelihood. Animals are utilized in various areas such as agricultural activities, transportation, and nutrition. In addition to this, animals had a main role on the battlefield in terms of the national security. Another necessity is military, arising from the significant role of animals in national security and on the battlefield. This circumtance required the experts in the field of animal health. Until the nineteenth century, the veterinary profession was passed down through Baytarnâme works and the master-apprentice relationship rather than educational institutions. There were only eight veterinarians in the Ottoman land at the time. Veterinary schools training vocational education began to be opened in order to provide for military requirement at the same time. France where veterinary medicine school was opened firstly was taken as an example as a role model. Our work getting started with the short history of veterinary medicine includes the historical process of veterinary medicine. Researching the meaning of the profession of veterinary which is a keystone for the science world for the system of Ottoman education reveals the background of the attempts to become modern. In this study done to highlight the importance of education in the history of veterinary medicine we will analyse the process of establishment, working and syllabus of The School of Halkalı Agriculture and Veterinary Science thourgh the light of information of Ottoman.

 Bu makale 1891 yılında kurulan Halkalı Ziraat ve Baytar Mektebini konu edinmektedir. Veteriner hekimlik, Osmanlı Devletinin kuruluş yıllarından itibaren varlığı bilinen önemli bir meslektir. Osmanlı ekonomisinde tarımın temel geçim kaynağı olması, hayvanlardan gerek zirai faaliyetlerde gerekse ulaşım, beslenme gibi çeşitli alanlarda istifade edilmesi nedeniyle hayvan sağlığı, ekonomik bir gereklilik olmuştur. Bir diğer gereklilik ise, hayvanların ülke güvenliği ve savaş sahasındaki etkin rolünden kaynaklı askeridir. Osmanlı ordusunda atların yaygın kullanımı, hayvan sağlığında uzman kişilere ihtiyacı doğurmuştur. Osmanlı Devletinde 19. yüzyıla kadar veterinerlik mesleği eğitim kurumlarından ziyade, Baytarnâme eserlerinden ve usta çırak ilişkisiyle aktarılmaktadır. Bu dönemde Osmanlı topraklarında görev yapan yalnızca 8 veteriner hekim bulunmaktadır. Söz konusu yüzyıl ile birlikte başlangıçta askeri ihtiyacı karşılamak üzere, mesleki eğitim veren veteriner okulları açılmaya başlamıştır. Okula rol model olarak, dünyada ilk veteriner okulunun açıldığı Fransa örnek alınmıştır. Veteriner hekimliğin kısa bir tarihi ile başlayacak olan çalışmamızda, Osmanlı Devletinde veterinerlik eğitiminin tarihsel sürecine yer verilecektir. Nitekim bilim dünyasının temel taşlarından biri olan veteriner hekimlik mesleğinin Osmanlı eğitim sistemindeki yerini incelemek, Türk veteriner biliminin modernleşme teşebbüslerinin alt yapısını ortaya çıkarmaktadır. Türk veteriner hekimliği tarihinde eğitimin önemine yer vermek üzere yola çıkılan bu çalışmada; Halkalı Ziraat ve Baytar Mektebinin kuruluş süreci, işleyişi ve müfredatını, Osmanlı arşiv belgelerinden edindiğimiz bilgilerin ışığında değerlendireceğiz.

Makale detayları

Veterinary Education in the Ottoman State: The Establishment of the School of Halkalı Agriculture and Veterinary Science

Yazarlar:

Hacer Yılmaz | Nursel Aksın

Yayıncı:

Fırat University

Ana Başlıklar:

Osmanlı Eğitim Tarihi

Dergi:

Fırat Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi Vol.35 Issue 1, pp.223-234

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

1/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001338754

pISSN:

1300-9702

Ottoman State

Education

Veterinarian

animal health

halkalu ağrıculture and veterinary scienceOsmanlı Devleti

Eğitim

Veteriner Hekimlik

hayvan sağlığı

halkalı ziraat ve baytar mektebi

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Hacer Yılmaz | Nursel Aksın

Yayıncı: Fırat University

Ana Başlıklar: Osmanlı Eğitim Tarihi

Dergi: Fırat Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi Vol.35 Issue 1, pp.223-234

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 1/2025

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001338754

pISSN: 1300-9702

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Hacer Yılmaz | Nursel Aksın

Yayıncı:

Fırat University

Ana Başlıklar:

Osmanlı Eğitim Tarihi

Dergi:

Fırat Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi Vol.35 Issue 1, pp.223-234

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

1/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001338754

pISSN:

1300-9702