PEACE AND FRIENDSHIP AGREEMENTS BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES AND THE BERBER COMMUNITIES IN NORTH AFRICA AT THE END OF THE 18TH CENTURY

Muhsin Önal

Makale detayları

PEACE AND FRIENDSHIP AGREEMENTS BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES AND THE BERBER COMMUNITIES IN NORTH AFRICA AT THE END OF THE 18TH CENTURY

Yazarlar:

Muhsin Önal

Yayıncı:

Erciyes University

Ana Başlıklar:

Siyasi Tarih (Diğer) | Yakınçağ Akdeniz Tarihi

Dergi:

Erciyes Akademi Vol.37 Issue 3, pp.1251-1276

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

9/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001299731

pISSN:

2757-7031

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 The beginning date of the relations between the United States of America USA and the Ottoman Empire is 1819. The USA wanted to get in touch with the outer world right after its official establishment. Especially the European states search for raw materials and markets as a result of the Industrial Revolution undoubtedly attracted the attention of the new world state, the USA, which has just revealed its existence. The USA, which wanted to be in this competition and race, turned its direction to the outer world and wanted to make contact with the Ottoman Empire, which still managed to survive as an important power despite the difficulties it experienced. By this means, an important market would be obtained and a serious supply of raw materials would be provided. However, the USA failed to establish direct contact with the Ottoman Empire. Thereupon, the USA turned its direction to North Africa, where Berber communities were settled. An environment of stability to be established in North Africa will enable the USA merchant fleets to move in peace and security in the Mediterranean. At the same time, a contact with the Ottoman State would be established. In the light of this information, this study includes the peace and friendship treaties signed by the United States with the Berber communities in the north of Africa, also defined as the Maghrib Region in the direction of the goals of the USA. The relations of the USA with these communities were evaluated one by one, and it was desired to give information about the process leading to the agreements and the results achieved.

 The beginning date of the relations between the United States of America USA and the Ottoman Empire is 1819. The USA wanted to get in touch with the outer world right after its official establishment. Especially the European states search for raw materials and markets as a result of the Industrial Revolution undoubtedly attracted the attention of the new world state, the USA, which has just revealed its existence. The USA, which wanted to be in this competition and race, turned its direction to the outer world and wanted to make contact with the Ottoman Empire, which still managed to survive as an important power despite the difficulties it experienced. By this means, an important market would be obtained and a serious supply of raw materials would be provided. However, the USA failed to establish direct contact with the Ottoman Empire. Thereupon, the USA turned its direction to North Africa, where Berber communities were settled. An environment of stability to be established in North Africa will enable the USA merchant fleets to move in peace and security in the Mediterranean. At the same time, a contact with the Ottoman State would be established. In the light of this information, this study includes the peace and friendship treaties signed by the United States with the Berber communities in the north of Africa, also defined as the Maghrib Region in the direction of the goals of the USA. The relations of the USA with these communities were evaluated one by one, and it was desired to give information about the process leading to the agreements and the results achieved.

 The beginning date of the relations between the United States of America USA and the Ottoman Empire is 1819. The USA wanted to get in touch with the outer world right after its official establishment. Especially the European states search for raw materials and markets as a result of the Industrial Revolution undoubtedly attracted the attention of the new world state, the USA, which has just revealed its existence. The USA, which wanted to be in this competition and race, turned its direction to the outer world and wanted to make contact with the Ottoman Empire, which still managed to survive as an important power despite the difficulties it experienced. By this means, an important market would be obtained and a serious supply of raw materials would be provided. However, the USA failed to establish direct contact with the Ottoman Empire. Thereupon, the USA turned its direction to North Africa, where Berber communities were settled. An environment of stability to be established in North Africa will enable the USA merchant fleets to move in peace and security in the Mediterranean. At the same time, a contact with the Ottoman State would be established. In the light of this information, this study includes the peace and friendship treaties signed by the United States with the Berber communities in the north of Africa, also defined as the Maghrib Region in the direction of the goals of the USA. The relations of the USA with these communities were evaluated one by one, and it was desired to give information about the process leading to the agreements and the results achieved.

 Amerika Birleşik Devletleri ABD ile Osmanlı Devleti arasındaki münasebetlerin başlangıç tarihi 1819dur. ABD resmi manada kuruluşunu gerçekleştirdikten hemen sonra dış dünya ile temasa geçmek istemiştir. Özellikle Avrupalı devletlerin Sanayi Devrimi neticesinde hammadde ve pazar arayışına girmeleri kuşkusuz varlığını henüz ortaya koymuş yeni dünya devleti ABDnin de dikkatini fazlasıyla çekmiştir. Bu rekabet ve yarış içerisinde olmak isteyen ABD yönünü dış dünyaya çevirmiş ve yaşadığı sıkıntılara rağmen hala önemli bir güç olarak ayakta kalmayı başarmış olan Osmanlı Devleti ile temas kurmak istemiştir. Bu sayede önemli bir pazara sahip olunacak ve ciddi manada hammadde temini sağlanacaktır. Ancak ABD Osmanlı Devleti ile doğrudan irtibat kurmayı başaramamıştır. Bunun üzerine ABD yönünü Kuzey Afrikaya, Berberî toplulukların yerleşik olduğu topraklara çevirmiştir. Kuzey Afrikada tesis edilecek bir istikrar ortamı ABD ticaret filolarına Akdenizde huzur ve güven içerisinde hareket kabiliyeti sağlayacaktır. Aynı zamanda Osmanlı Devletiyle irtibat kurulmuş olacaktır. Bütün bu bilgiler çerçevesinde bu çalışmada da ABDnin hedefleri doğrultusunda Mağrip Bölgesi olarak da tanımlanan Afrikanın kuzeyindeki Berberî topluluklarla imzalamış olduğu barış ve dostluk antlaşmalarına yer verilmiştir. ABDnin bu topluluklarla olan münasebetleri tek tek değerlendirilmiş, antlaşmalara giden süreç ile ulaşılan neticeler hakkında bilgi verilmek istenmiştir.

Makale detayları

PEACE AND FRIENDSHIP AGREEMENTS BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES AND THE BERBER COMMUNITIES IN NORTH AFRICA AT THE END OF THE 18TH CENTURY

Yazarlar:

Muhsin Önal

Yayıncı:

Erciyes University

Ana Başlıklar:

Siyasi Tarih (Diğer) | Yakınçağ Akdeniz Tarihi

Dergi:

Erciyes Akademi Vol.37 Issue 3, pp.1251-1276

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

9/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001299731

pISSN:

2757-7031

The USA

Berber

Ottoman State

North AfricaABD

Berberî

Osmanlı Devleti

Kuzey Afrika

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Muhsin Önal

Yayıncı: Erciyes University

Ana Başlıklar: Siyasi Tarih (Diğer) | Yakınçağ Akdeniz Tarihi

Dergi: Erciyes Akademi Vol.37 Issue 3, pp.1251-1276

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 9/2023

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001299731

pISSN: 2757-7031

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Muhsin Önal

Yayıncı:

Erciyes University

Ana Başlıklar:

Siyasi Tarih (Diğer) | Yakınçağ Akdeniz Tarihi

Dergi:

Erciyes Akademi Vol.37 Issue 3, pp.1251-1276

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

9/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001299731

pISSN:

2757-7031