A Poet with the Breath of Yunus: Qayghusuz Abdāl

Yılmaz Öksüz

Makale detayları

A Poet with the Breath of Yunus: Qayghusuz Abdāl

Yazarlar:

Yılmaz Öksüz

Yayıncı:

Kütahya Dumlupinar University

Ana Başlıklar:

Türk İslam Edebiyatı

Dergi:

İslam Medeniyeti Araştırmaları Dergisi Vol.9 Issue 2, pp.449-469

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001323052

pISSN:

2149-0872

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 The 13th century in Anatolia was a period when conquest movements were largely completed; various Sūfi orders such as Abdalism, Babaism, Bektāshism, Qalenderism, Mevlevism emerged; literature began to flourish alongside architectural activities. Among the many poets who emerged during this time, Yunus Emre stands out as a figure who shaped the century. In this period when Arabic dominated scholarly works and Persian was prevalent in artistic productions, he managed to present the truths of sūfi thought in simple Turkish, paving the way for many poets in the Anatolian literary tradition. One of the significant figures in this lineage of poets, extending from Āshıq Yunus to Edib Kharābī, is Qayghusuz Abdāl, who holds an important place in Bektāshi literature. Yunuss influence on various poets attracted the attention of the academic community and some studies were carried out on this subject. However, no comprehensive study has been conducted on this aspect of Qayghusuz, an ancient follower of his. This article examines Yunuss influence on Qayghusuz Abdāls poetry, based on the poets diwans and the shathiyye anthology prepared by Cemal Kurnaz and Mustafa Tatcı. Resembling Yunus in terms of rhyme, repetition, and expression, poet adopted an allegorical style similar to his predecessor. He articulated themes such as the value of love, the identity of the lover, the instability of the heart, and self-awareness in a manner reminiscent of Yunus. He, who maintained Yunuss style within his own originality, also played a significant role in transferring this style to Bektāshi literature.

 The 13th century in Anatolia was a period when conquest movements were largely completed; various Sūfi orders such as Abdalism, Babaism, Bektāshism, Qalenderism, Mevlevism emerged; literature began to flourish alongside architectural activities. Among the many poets who emerged during this time, Yunus Emre stands out as a figure who shaped the century. In this period when Arabic dominated scholarly works and Persian was prevalent in artistic productions, he managed to present the truths of sūfi thought in simple Turkish, paving the way for many poets in the Anatolian literary tradition. One of the significant figures in this lineage of poets, extending from Āshıq Yunus to Edib Kharābī, is Qayghusuz Abdāl, who holds an important place in Bektāshi literature. Yunuss influence on various poets attracted the attention of the academic community and some studies were carried out on this subject. However, no comprehensive study has been conducted on this aspect of Qayghusuz, an ancient follower of his. This article examines Yunuss influence on Qayghusuz Abdāls poetry, based on the poets diwans and the shathiyye anthology prepared by Cemal Kurnaz and Mustafa Tatcı. Resembling Yunus in terms of rhyme, repetition, and expression, poet adopted an allegorical style similar to his predecessor. He articulated themes such as the value of love, the identity of the lover, the instability of the heart, and self-awareness in a manner reminiscent of Yunus. He, who maintained Yunuss style within his own originality, also played a significant role in transferring this style to Bektāshi literature.

 The 13th century in Anatolia was a period when conquest movements were largely completed; various Sūfi orders such as Abdalism, Babaism, Bektāshism, Qalenderism, Mevlevism emerged; literature began to flourish alongside architectural activities. Among the many poets who emerged during this time, Yunus Emre stands out as a figure who shaped the century. In this period when Arabic dominated scholarly works and Persian was prevalent in artistic productions, he managed to present the truths of sūfi thought in simple Turkish, paving the way for many poets in the Anatolian literary tradition. One of the significant figures in this lineage of poets, extending from Āshıq Yunus to Edib Kharābī, is Qayghusuz Abdāl, who holds an important place in Bektāshi literature. Yunuss influence on various poets attracted the attention of the academic community and some studies were carried out on this subject. However, no comprehensive study has been conducted on this aspect of Qayghusuz, an ancient follower of his. This article examines Yunuss influence on Qayghusuz Abdāls poetry, based on the poets diwans and the shathiyye anthology prepared by Cemal Kurnaz and Mustafa Tatcı. Resembling Yunus in terms of rhyme, repetition, and expression, poet adopted an allegorical style similar to his predecessor. He articulated themes such as the value of love, the identity of the lover, the instability of the heart, and self-awareness in a manner reminiscent of Yunus. He, who maintained Yunuss style within his own originality, also played a significant role in transferring this style to Bektāshi literature.

 Anadolunun 13. Yüzyılı, fetih hareketlerinin büyük ölçüde tamamlandığı; Abdâllık, Babaîlik, Bektâşîlik, Kalenderîlik, Mevlevîlik gibi muhtelif tarikatların teşekkül ettiği; imar faaliyetleri yanında çeşitli kollarıyla edebiyatın filizlendiği bir dönemdir. Bu zaman diliminde, birçok şair yetişmekle birlikte yüzyıla rengini veren simalardan birisi Yunus Emredir. O, ilmî eserlerde Arapçanın, sanat ürünlerinde Farsçanın egemen olduğu bu dönemde, tasavvufî düşüncenin hakikatlarını sade bir Türkçe ile sunmayı başarmış ve Anadolu sahasında kendisinden sonra gelen birçok şaire öncülük etmiştir. Aşık Yunustan Edib Harâbîye uzanan bu şairler silsilesinin önemli bir halkası, Bektâşî edebiyatında mühim bir mevkii bulunan Kaygusuz Abdâldır. Yunusun muhtelif şairler üzerindeki tesiri, akademik camianın dikkatini çekmiş ve buna yönelik birtakım çalışmalar yapılmıştır. Ancak, onun kadim takipçisi olan Kaygusuzun bu yönüne dair kapsamlı bir çalışma yapılmamıştır. Bu makalede, şairlerin divanları ve Cemal Kurnaz ile Mustafa Tatcının hazırladığı şathiyye mecmuası ekseninde Kaygusuzun şiirlerinde Yunusun tesiri incelenmiştir. Kafiye, redif ve ifade yönünden Yunusu hatırlatan şair, selefi gibi alegorik üslûba rağbet göstermiş; aşkın kıymeti, âşığın kimliği, gönlün kararsızlığı ve kendini bilmek gibi konuları Yunusça söylemiştir. Yunus tarzını kendi özgünlüğü içerisinde sürdüren şair, aynı zamanda bu tarzın Bektâşî edebiyatına intikalinde önemli bir rol üstlenmiştir.

Makale detayları

A Poet with the Breath of Yunus: Qayghusuz Abdāl

Yazarlar:

Yılmaz Öksüz

Yayıncı:

Kütahya Dumlupinar University

Ana Başlıklar:

Türk İslam Edebiyatı

Dergi:

İslam Medeniyeti Araştırmaları Dergisi Vol.9 Issue 2, pp.449-469

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001323052

pISSN:

2149-0872

Turkish Islamic Literature

Yunus Emre

Bektashi

Qayghusuz Abdāl

PoetryTürk İslam Edebiyatı

Yunus Emre

Bektâşî

Kaygusuz Abdâl

Şiir

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Yılmaz Öksüz

Yayıncı: Kütahya Dumlupinar University

Ana Başlıklar: Türk İslam Edebiyatı

Dergi: İslam Medeniyeti Araştırmaları Dergisi Vol.9 Issue 2, pp.449-469

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 12/2024

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001323052

pISSN: 2149-0872

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Yılmaz Öksüz

Yayıncı:

Kütahya Dumlupinar University

Ana Başlıklar:

Türk İslam Edebiyatı

Dergi:

İslam Medeniyeti Araştırmaları Dergisi Vol.9 Issue 2, pp.449-469

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001323052

pISSN:

2149-0872