Door Ring, Knocker and Mirrors in Bursa/Cumalikizik Houses

Zerrin Köşklü; Nur Yağmur Büber

Makale detayları

Door Ring, Knocker and Mirrors in Bursa/Cumalikizik Houses

Yazarlar:

Zerrin Köşklü | Nur Yağmur Büber

Yayıncı:

Istanbul University

Ana Başlıklar:

Sanat Tarihi

Dergi:

Art-Sanat Issue 21, pp.439-466

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

1/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001311680

pISSN:

2148-3582

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 Cumalikizik, which was a residential area with village status until 1987 on the northern slopes of Uludag in Bursa, was connected to the Yıldırım District centre as a neighbourhood after this date. Bursa and Cumalikizik were on the UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2014. Cumalıkızık maintains its feature of being the earliest surviving Ottoman village and the best-preserved originality. Cumalikizik, one of the important centres of cultural tourism today, continues to attract attention with its residential area, historical texture, and especially traditional house in this texture. Within the scope of the study, the rings and knockers on the doors of 135 houses in Cumalikizik Village were determined by scanning the area, and 66 rings and 40 knockers were examined. These are classified into main and sub-types as rings, mallets and mirrors. Door rings in Cumalikizik houses have a circular form and are jazzed up with different decorations on their mirrors. On the knockers defining the doors of the homes, there are three different types: C-shaped, U-shaped, and L-shaped. The most common type among these, C-shaped knockers, is remarkable with its interpretation seen in mirrors as a musanna of the word Allah or as a design written Mashallah. The widespread use of rings and knockers in Cumalikizik houses, their form, material, and technical features are a continuation of a tradition that was imported from Europe at the beginning and later localized, especially in the XIX century examples.

 Cumalikizik, which was a residential area with village status until 1987 on the northern slopes of Uludag in Bursa, was connected to the Yıldırım District centre as a neighbourhood after this date. Bursa and Cumalikizik were on the UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2014. Cumalıkızık maintains its feature of being the earliest surviving Ottoman village and the best-preserved originality. Cumalikizik, one of the important centres of cultural tourism today, continues to attract attention with its residential area, historical texture, and especially traditional house in this texture. Within the scope of the study, the rings and knockers on the doors of 135 houses in Cumalikizik Village were determined by scanning the area, and 66 rings and 40 knockers were examined. These are classified into main and sub-types as rings, mallets and mirrors. Door rings in Cumalikizik houses have a circular form and are jazzed up with different decorations on their mirrors. On the knockers defining the doors of the homes, there are three different types: C-shaped, U-shaped, and L-shaped. The most common type among these, C-shaped knockers, is remarkable with its interpretation seen in mirrors as a musanna of the word Allah or as a design written Mashallah. The widespread use of rings and knockers in Cumalikizik houses, their form, material, and technical features are a continuation of a tradition that was imported from Europe at the beginning and later localized, especially in the XIX century examples.

 Cumalikizik, which was a residential area with village status until 1987 on the northern slopes of Uludag in Bursa, was connected to the Yıldırım District centre as a neighbourhood after this date. Bursa and Cumalikizik were on the UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2014. Cumalıkızık maintains its feature of being the earliest surviving Ottoman village and the best-preserved originality. Cumalikizik, one of the important centres of cultural tourism today, continues to attract attention with its residential area, historical texture, and especially traditional house in this texture. Within the scope of the study, the rings and knockers on the doors of 135 houses in Cumalikizik Village were determined by scanning the area, and 66 rings and 40 knockers were examined. These are classified into main and sub-types as rings, mallets and mirrors. Door rings in Cumalikizik houses have a circular form and are jazzed up with different decorations on their mirrors. On the knockers defining the doors of the homes, there are three different types: C-shaped, U-shaped, and L-shaped. The most common type among these, C-shaped knockers, is remarkable with its interpretation seen in mirrors as a musanna of the word Allah or as a design written Mashallah. The widespread use of rings and knockers in Cumalikizik houses, their form, material, and technical features are a continuation of a tradition that was imported from Europe at the beginning and later localized, especially in the XIX century examples.

 Bursada Uludağın kuzey yamaçlarında 1987 yılına kadar köy statüsünde bir yerleşim bölgesi olan Cumalıkızık, bu tarihten sonra mahalle olarak Yıldırım ilçe merkezine bağlanmıştır. 2014 yılında Bursa ve Cumalıkızık Unesco Dünya Miras Listesine alınmıştır. Cumalıkızık, günümüzde erken tarihli ve özgün bir Osmanlı köyü olma özelliğini korumaktadır. Kültür turizminin önemli merkezlerinden biri olan yerleşim alanı, tarihî dokusu ve bu dokuda özellikle geleneksel evleri ile ilgi çekmeye devam etmektedir. Çalışma kapsamında Cumalıkızık Köyünde bulunan 135 evin kapısı üzerindeki halka ve tokmaklar alan taraması yapılarak belirlenmiş, günümüze ulaşan 66 halka ve 40 tokmak incelenmiştir. Bunlar halka, tokmak ve aynaları olmak üzere ana ve alt tiplere ayrılarak gruplandırılmıştır. Cumalıkızık evlerinde kapı halkaları daire şeklinde bir forma sahip olup aynalarındaki farklı bezemelerle hareketlendirilmiştir. Evlerin kapılarını tamamlayan tokmaklarda ise C biçimli, U biçimli ve L biçimli olmak üzere üç tip belirlenmiştir. Bunların içerisinde en yaygın tipi oluşturan C biçimli tokmakların aynalarında görülen düzenlemenin Allah lafzının müsennası ya da Maşallah yazılı bir tasarım olarak yorumlanması dikkat çekicidir. Cumalıkızık evlerinde halka ve tokmakların yaygın kullanımı, biçimseli, malzemesi ve teknik özellikleri başlangıçta Avrupadan ithal edilen kalıpların daha sonra yerelleştiği bir geleneğin devamı niteliğinde ve daha çok 19. yüzyıl örnekleri olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır.

Makale detayları

Door Ring, Knocker and Mirrors in Bursa/Cumalikizik Houses

Yazarlar:

Zerrin Köşklü | Nur Yağmur Büber

Yayıncı:

Istanbul University

Ana Başlıklar:

Sanat Tarihi

Dergi:

Art-Sanat Issue 21, pp.439-466

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

1/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001311680

pISSN:

2148-3582

Bursa

Cumalıkızık

Door Ring

Knob

MirrorBursa

Cumalıkızık

Kapı

Halka

Tokmak

Ayna

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Zerrin Köşklü | Nur Yağmur Büber

Yayıncı: Istanbul University

Ana Başlıklar: Sanat Tarihi

Dergi: Art-Sanat Issue 21, pp.439-466

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 1/2024

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001311680

pISSN: 2148-3582

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Zerrin Köşklü | Nur Yağmur Büber

Yayıncı:

Istanbul University

Ana Başlıklar:

Sanat Tarihi

Dergi:

Art-Sanat Issue 21, pp.439-466

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

1/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001311680

pISSN:

2148-3582