Disaster Caused by Drought and Famine: The Plague of Benghazi in 1858-1859 According to the Physicians of the Ottoman Sanitary Administration

Özgür Yılmaz

Makale detayları

Disaster Caused by Drought and Famine: The Plague of Benghazi in 1858-1859 According to the Physicians of the Ottoman Sanitary Administration

Yazarlar:

Özgür Yılmaz

Yayıncı:

Istanbul University

Ana Başlıklar:

Genel Türk Tarihi (Diğer)

Dergi:

Osmanlı Bilimi Araştırmaları Vol.24 Issue 2, pp.311-349

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001298020

pISSN:

1303-3123

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 Although plague epidemics which killed millions of people throughout history, ceased to be a problem for Western Europe from the early eighteenth century on, outbreaks continued to occur in the Ottoman Empire. Located at the crossroads of major trade routes, Ottoman lands experienced plague outbreaks until the first half of the nineteenth century. If plague lost its former power after the 1830s and was partially controlled, it continued to be seen in different parts of the empire. One of the places where it emerged, surprising the medical authorities of its time, was Benghazi. The epidemic that emerged in 1858 was previously thought to be typhus; however, later investigations revealed that it was plague. One of the features that made this epidemic interesting was the activities of the physicians that the Ottoman Sanitary Administration sent to the region as part of the battle against the epidemic. The reports of these physicians about their investigations and the activities they carried out in the region make possible to conduct a detailed study of the 1858-1859 Benghazi plague epidemic. This study aims to reveal the story of this epidemic through physicians reports and archival documents.

 Although plague epidemics which killed millions of people throughout history, ceased to be a problem for Western Europe from the early eighteenth century on, outbreaks continued to occur in the Ottoman Empire. Located at the crossroads of major trade routes, Ottoman lands experienced plague outbreaks until the first half of the nineteenth century. If plague lost its former power after the 1830s and was partially controlled, it continued to be seen in different parts of the empire. One of the places where it emerged, surprising the medical authorities of its time, was Benghazi. The epidemic that emerged in 1858 was previously thought to be typhus; however, later investigations revealed that it was plague. One of the features that made this epidemic interesting was the activities of the physicians that the Ottoman Sanitary Administration sent to the region as part of the battle against the epidemic. The reports of these physicians about their investigations and the activities they carried out in the region make possible to conduct a detailed study of the 1858-1859 Benghazi plague epidemic. This study aims to reveal the story of this epidemic through physicians reports and archival documents.

 Although plague epidemics which killed millions of people throughout history, ceased to be a problem for Western Europe from the early eighteenth century on, outbreaks continued to occur in the Ottoman Empire. Located at the crossroads of major trade routes, Ottoman lands experienced plague outbreaks until the first half of the nineteenth century. If plague lost its former power after the 1830s and was partially controlled, it continued to be seen in different parts of the empire. One of the places where it emerged, surprising the medical authorities of its time, was Benghazi. The epidemic that emerged in 1858 was previously thought to be typhus; however, later investigations revealed that it was plague. One of the features that made this epidemic interesting was the activities of the physicians that the Ottoman Sanitary Administration sent to the region as part of the battle against the epidemic. The reports of these physicians about their investigations and the activities they carried out in the region make possible to conduct a detailed study of the 1858-1859 Benghazi plague epidemic. This study aims to reveal the story of this epidemic through physicians reports and archival documents.

 Tarih boyunca milyonlarca insanın ölümüne neden olan veba salgınları on sekizinci yüzyılın başlarından itibaren Batı Avrupa için bir sorun olmaktan çıksa da ticaret yollarının üzerinde bulunan Osmanlı coğrafyasında görülmeye devam etmiş ve on dokuzuncu yüzyılın ilk yarısına kadar Osmanlı ülkesini etkilemeyi sürdürmüştür. Veba, 1830lardan sonra eski gücünü yitirse ve kısmen kontrol altına alınsa da imparatorluğun değişik yerlerinde görülmüştür. Dönemin tıp çevrelerini şaşırtacak şekilde vebanın ortaya çıktığı yerlerden birisi de Bingazi olmuştur.1858de ortaya çıkan salgın önceleri tifüs zannedilmiş; ancak daha sonra yapılan incelemeler ile veba olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu salgını ilginç kılan özeliklerden birisi de Osmanlı Sıhhiye İdaresinin salgınla mücadele kapsamında bölgeye gönderdiği hekimler ve faaliyetleriydi. Bu hekimlerin bölgede yaptıkları incelemeler ve gerçekleştirdikleri faaliyetler hakkındaki raporları, 1858-1859 Bingazi veba salgını hakkında ayrıntılı incelemeler yapmayı mümkün kılmaktadır. Bu çalışma, hekimlerin raporları ve arşiv belgeleri üzerinden bu salgının hikâyesini ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır.

Makale detayları

Disaster Caused by Drought and Famine: The Plague of Benghazi in 1858-1859 According to the Physicians of the Ottoman Sanitary Administration

Yazarlar:

Özgür Yılmaz

Yayıncı:

Istanbul University

Ana Başlıklar:

Genel Türk Tarihi (Diğer)

Dergi:

Osmanlı Bilimi Araştırmaları Vol.24 Issue 2, pp.311-349

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001298020

pISSN:

1303-3123

Plague

Benghazi

Ottoman Sanitary Administration

Quarantine Council

Sanitary InspectorVeba

Bingazi

Osmanlı Sıhhiye İdaresi

Meclis-i Tahaffuz

Sıhhiye müfettişi

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Özgür Yılmaz

Yayıncı: Istanbul University

Ana Başlıklar: Genel Türk Tarihi (Diğer)

Dergi: Osmanlı Bilimi Araştırmaları Vol.24 Issue 2, pp.311-349

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 6/2023

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001298020

pISSN: 1303-3123

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Özgür Yılmaz

Yayıncı:

Istanbul University

Ana Başlıklar:

Genel Türk Tarihi (Diğer)

Dergi:

Osmanlı Bilimi Araştırmaları Vol.24 Issue 2, pp.311-349

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001298020

pISSN:

1303-3123