Determination of Densities and Acylsugar Concentrations of Trichome as Defence Structures against Plant Pests in Different Tomato Cultivars

Narin Gök; Simge Özkan; Nabi Alper Kumral; Nuray Akbudak; Sultan Çobanoğlu; Nimet Sema Gençer

Makale detayları

Determination of Densities and Acylsugar Concentrations of Trichome as Defence Structures against Plant Pests in Different Tomato Cultivars

Yazarlar:

Narin Gök | Simge Özkan | Nabi Alper Kumral | Nuray Akbudak | Sultan Çobanoğlu | Nimet Sema Gençer

Yayıncı:

Bursa Uludağ University

Ana Başlıklar:

Sebze Yetiştirme ve Islahı | Tarımda Entomoloji

Dergi:

Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.38 Issue 1, pp.27-43

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001318969

pISSN:

2651-4044

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 Tomato cultivation is significant in terms of economic income and nutrition of community for Turkey. One of the important problems in tomato cultivation is the high crop losses due to insect and mite pests. Although there are registered resistant tomato cultivars for some diseases and nematode pests, no resistant cultivar to other pests has been inscribed yet. The glandular and non-glandular trichomes in the vegetative organs of tomato have negative effects against insects and mites as weel as the activity of biological control agents. While the non-glandular trichomes destroyed the integument of these pests, the acylsugar contained in the glandular trichomes has a poisonous or repellent effect on them. Therefore, this study investigated the trichome structures in 49 tomato cultivars and the concentrations of acylsugar secreted from the glandular trichomes. The determination of the types and densities of trichomes in the tomato cultivars examined will provide basic information for the identification of pest-resistant cultivars and for biological control in terms of limiting the effectiveness of natural enemies. In the study, the densities of trichomes with type IV and type VI glandular; type III and type V non-glandular trichomes were determined in leaves, stems and branches. When each vegetative organ was evaluated separately, it was found that densities of different trichome types were significantly different depending on the cultivars. According to the results of Wards cluster analysis, trichome densities were divided into 3 groups as low, medium and high. Among the cultivars examined, some of them were found to have low densities in terms of both glandular and non-glandular trichomes. Similar statistical differences were found in terms of acylsugar content in glandular trichomes.

 Tomato cultivation is significant in terms of economic income and nutrition of community for Turkey. One of the important problems in tomato cultivation is the high crop losses due to insect and mite pests. Although there are registered resistant tomato cultivars for some diseases and nematode pests, no resistant cultivar to other pests has been inscribed yet. The glandular and non-glandular trichomes in the vegetative organs of tomato have negative effects against insects and mites as weel as the activity of biological control agents. While the non-glandular trichomes destroyed the integument of these pests, the acylsugar contained in the glandular trichomes has a poisonous or repellent effect on them. Therefore, this study investigated the trichome structures in 49 tomato cultivars and the concentrations of acylsugar secreted from the glandular trichomes. The determination of the types and densities of trichomes in the tomato cultivars examined will provide basic information for the identification of pest-resistant cultivars and for biological control in terms of limiting the effectiveness of natural enemies. In the study, the densities of trichomes with type IV and type VI glandular; type III and type V non-glandular trichomes were determined in leaves, stems and branches. When each vegetative organ was evaluated separately, it was found that densities of different trichome types were significantly different depending on the cultivars. According to the results of Wards cluster analysis, trichome densities were divided into 3 groups as low, medium and high. Among the cultivars examined, some of them were found to have low densities in terms of both glandular and non-glandular trichomes. Similar statistical differences were found in terms of acylsugar content in glandular trichomes.

 Tomato cultivation is significant in terms of economic income and nutrition of community for Turkey. One of the important problems in tomato cultivation is the high crop losses due to insect and mite pests. Although there are registered resistant tomato cultivars for some diseases and nematode pests, no resistant cultivar to other pests has been inscribed yet. The glandular and non-glandular trichomes in the vegetative organs of tomato have negative effects against insects and mites as weel as the activity of biological control agents. While the non-glandular trichomes destroyed the integument of these pests, the acylsugar contained in the glandular trichomes has a poisonous or repellent effect on them. Therefore, this study investigated the trichome structures in 49 tomato cultivars and the concentrations of acylsugar secreted from the glandular trichomes. The determination of the types and densities of trichomes in the tomato cultivars examined will provide basic information for the identification of pest-resistant cultivars and for biological control in terms of limiting the effectiveness of natural enemies. In the study, the densities of trichomes with type IV and type VI glandular; type III and type V non-glandular trichomes were determined in leaves, stems and branches. When each vegetative organ was evaluated separately, it was found that densities of different trichome types were significantly different depending on the cultivars. According to the results of Wards cluster analysis, trichome densities were divided into 3 groups as low, medium and high. Among the cultivars examined, some of them were found to have low densities in terms of both glandular and non-glandular trichomes. Similar statistical differences were found in terms of acylsugar content in glandular trichomes.

 Ülkemizde domates yetiştiriciliği ekonomik getiri ve beslenme yönünden önem arz etmektedir. Domates yetiştiriciliğindeki önemli sorunlardan biri zararlılar böcek ve akar nedeniyle yüksek ürün kayıplarıdır. Günümüzde bazı domates hastalıkları ve nematot zararlılarına karşı dayanıklı domates çeşitleri ruhsatlanmasına karşın; diğer zararlılara karşı dayanıklı tescilli çeşitler henüz kaydedilmemiştir. Domateslerde, böceklerin ve akarların zararına hatta biyolojik mücadele etmenlerinin aktivitesine karşı olumsuz olan unsurlardan biri de domatesin vejatatif organlarında bulunan keseli ve kesesiz trikomlardır. Kesesiz trikomlar bu canlıların vücudunu tahrip ederek olumsuz etki yaratırken; keseli trikomların içinde bulunan acylsugarın bunlar üzerinde zehir veya kaçırıcı etkisi bulunmaktadır. Bundan dolayı, bu çalışmada 49 domates çeşidinde bulunan trikom yapıları ve keseli trikomlardan salgılanan acylsugar konsantrasyonları araştırılmıştır. İncelenen domates çeşitlerindeki trikomların tiplerine göre yoğunluklarının saptanması zararlılara dayanıklı çeşitlerin belirlenmesi için temel bilgi sağlarken; aynı zamanda doğal düşmanların etkinliğini sınırlaması açısından da bilgi verilmiştir. Çalışmada yaprak, sap ve dallarda tip IV ve tip VI keseli; tip III ve tip V kesesiz trikomların yoğunlukları tespit edilmiştir. Her bir vejatatif organ ayrı ayrı değerlendirildiğinde farklı trikom tiplerinin yoğunluklarının çeşitlere bağlı önemli düzeyde değişiklik gösterdiği saptanmıştır. Wardın minumum varyans analizi metotuna göre her tipteki trikom yoğunlukları düşük, orta ve yüksek olarak kümelenmiştir. İncelenen çeşitler arasından bazılarının hem keseli hem de kesesiz trikom açısından düşük yoğunluğa sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir. Benzer istatistiki farklılıklar, keseli trikomlarda bulunan acylsugar içerikleri açısından da ortaya konmuştur.

Makale detayları

Determination of Densities and Acylsugar Concentrations of Trichome as Defence Structures against Plant Pests in Different Tomato Cultivars

Yazarlar:

Narin Gök | Simge Özkan | Nabi Alper Kumral | Nuray Akbudak | Sultan Çobanoğlu | Nimet Sema Gençer

Yayıncı:

Bursa Uludağ University

Ana Başlıklar:

Sebze Yetiştirme ve Islahı | Tarımda Entomoloji

Dergi:

Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.38 Issue 1, pp.27-43

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001318969

pISSN:

2651-4044

acylsugar

cultivar

tomato

defence mechanism

trichome

insect

acariçeşit

domates

savunma mekanizması

trikom

böcek

akar

Acylsugar

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Narin Gök | Simge Özkan | Nabi Alper Kumral | Nuray Akbudak | Sultan Çobanoğlu | Nimet Sema Gençer

Yayıncı: Bursa Uludağ University

Ana Başlıklar: Sebze Yetiştirme ve Islahı | Tarımda Entomoloji

Dergi: Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.38 Issue 1, pp.27-43

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 6/2024

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001318969

pISSN: 2651-4044

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Narin Gök | Simge Özkan | Nabi Alper Kumral | Nuray Akbudak | Sultan Çobanoğlu | Nimet Sema Gençer

Yayıncı:

Bursa Uludağ University

Ana Başlıklar:

Sebze Yetiştirme ve Islahı | Tarımda Entomoloji

Dergi:

Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.38 Issue 1, pp.27-43

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001318969

pISSN:

2651-4044