A Determination on Injection Mortars in the Studies on the Repair of the Dome Mosaics of Hagia Sophia

Murat Cura

Makale detayları

A Determination on Injection Mortars in the Studies on the Repair of the Dome Mosaics of Hagia Sophia

Yazarlar:

Murat Cura

Yayıncı:

Bursa Uludağ University

Ana Başlıklar:

Arkeoloji Bilimi

Dergi:

Journal of Mosaic Research Issue 17, pp.239-249

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

4/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001330151

pISSN:

1309-047X

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 Floors, walls, domes and ceilings have been decorated with mosaics since the Ancient Period. The technical features and decorative elements of mosaics vary according to time and geography. Some deteriorations occur in mosaics over time, and although these deteriorations are examined separately in each work, generally similar classifications are made to each other. Separations between the construction layers constitute a class of deterioration. As a result of the deterioration of the chemical and crystal structure of the material or the effect of physical factors earthquake, humidity, landslide, etc., the bonds between the layers lose their grip. The purpose of this article is to present an assessment on the mortar injection used in the repair works of Hagia Sophia dome mosaics. During the conservation and restoration works in Hagia Sophia between 2002 and 2004, it was determined that there were layer separations in the dome mosaics. Especially the surfaces in the dome, the roof and partially the separated layers of the wall mosaics are temporarily or permanently protected against the possibility of breaking and falling due to gravity. The gaps in these areas were attached to the load-bearing ground with intermittent clamps and an attempt was made to strengthen them by filling them with injection mortar. The mentioned deteriorations were detected with different technical equipments. Endoscopy devices were used in appropriate areas, especially to visualize the cavities formed inside. The stitching method was tried to hold the injection mortar applied to the back of the mosaics. Therefore, its shown that it is not always benefical to do injection.

 Floors, walls, domes and ceilings have been decorated with mosaics since the Ancient Period. The technical features and decorative elements of mosaics vary according to time and geography. Some deteriorations occur in mosaics over time, and although these deteriorations are examined separately in each work, generally similar classifications are made to each other. Separations between the construction layers constitute a class of deterioration. As a result of the deterioration of the chemical and crystal structure of the material or the effect of physical factors earthquake, humidity, landslide, etc., the bonds between the layers lose their grip. The purpose of this article is to present an assessment on the mortar injection used in the repair works of Hagia Sophia dome mosaics. During the conservation and restoration works in Hagia Sophia between 2002 and 2004, it was determined that there were layer separations in the dome mosaics. Especially the surfaces in the dome, the roof and partially the separated layers of the wall mosaics are temporarily or permanently protected against the possibility of breaking and falling due to gravity. The gaps in these areas were attached to the load-bearing ground with intermittent clamps and an attempt was made to strengthen them by filling them with injection mortar. The mentioned deteriorations were detected with different technical equipments. Endoscopy devices were used in appropriate areas, especially to visualize the cavities formed inside. The stitching method was tried to hold the injection mortar applied to the back of the mosaics. Therefore, its shown that it is not always benefical to do injection.

 Floors, walls, domes and ceilings have been decorated with mosaics since the Ancient Period. The technical features and decorative elements of mosaics vary according to time and geography. Some deteriorations occur in mosaics over time, and although these deteriorations are examined separately in each work, generally similar classifications are made to each other. Separations between the construction layers constitute a class of deterioration. As a result of the deterioration of the chemical and crystal structure of the material or the effect of physical factors earthquake, humidity, landslide, etc., the bonds between the layers lose their grip. The purpose of this article is to present an assessment on the mortar injection used in the repair works of Hagia Sophia dome mosaics. During the conservation and restoration works in Hagia Sophia between 2002 and 2004, it was determined that there were layer separations in the dome mosaics. Especially the surfaces in the dome, the roof and partially the separated layers of the wall mosaics are temporarily or permanently protected against the possibility of breaking and falling due to gravity. The gaps in these areas were attached to the load-bearing ground with intermittent clamps and an attempt was made to strengthen them by filling them with injection mortar. The mentioned deteriorations were detected with different technical equipments. Endoscopy devices were used in appropriate areas, especially to visualize the cavities formed inside. The stitching method was tried to hold the injection mortar applied to the back of the mosaics. Therefore, its shown that it is not always benefical to do injection.

 Antik Dönemden itibaren yer, duvar, kubbe ve tavanlar mozaiklerle bezenmişlerdir. Mozaiklerin teknik özellikleri ve bezeme elemanları, zamana ve coğrafyaya göre farklılık göstermektedir. Mozaiklerde zamanla bazı bozulmalar oluşmaktadır ve her eserde bu bozulmalar genellikle birbirlerine benzerdir. Yapım katmanları arasında oluşan ayrılmalar, bozulmaların bir sınıfını oluşturmaktadır. Malzemenin kimyasal ve kristal yapısının bozulması sonucunda ya da fiziki faktörlerin etkisiyle deprem, nem, heyelan vb, katmanlar arasındaki bağlar tutuculuklarını kaybetmektedirler. Bu makalenin amacı, Ayasofya kubbe mozaiklerinin onarım çalışmalarında kullanılan harç enjeksiyonu üzerine bir tespiti sunmaktır. Ayasofyadaki koruma ve onarım çalışmalarında 2002-2004 yılları arasında, kubbe mozaiklerinde katman ayrılmalarının olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Özellikle kubbedeki yüzeyler, çatı ve kısmen duvar mozaiklerinin ayrılan katmanları yer çekimine bağlı olarak kopma ve düşme olasılığına karşı geçici veya kalıcı korumaya alınmışlardır. Bu alanlardaki boşluklar, aralıklı kenetlerle taşıyıcı zemine tutturulmuş ve enjeksiyon harcı ile doldurularak sağlamlaştırılmaya çalışılmıştır. Söz konusu bozulmalar, farklı teknik ekipmanlar ile tespit edilmiştir. Özellikle içerde oluşan boşlukları görmek için uygun kısımlarda endoskopi cihazı kullanılmıştır. Mozaiklerin arkasına uygulanacak enjeksiyon harcının tutması amacıyla, dikiş yöntemi denenmiştir. Dolayısıyla her zaman enjeksiyon yapmanın faydalı olmayacağı bu örnekle gösterilmiştir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Mozaik, Ayasofya, Onarım, Tespit, Dolgu Harcı.

Makale detayları

A Determination on Injection Mortars in the Studies on the Repair of the Dome Mosaics of Hagia Sophia

Yazarlar:

Murat Cura

Yayıncı:

Bursa Uludağ University

Ana Başlıklar:

Arkeoloji Bilimi

Dergi:

Journal of Mosaic Research Issue 17, pp.239-249

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

4/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001330151

pISSN:

1309-047X

Mosaic

Hagia Sophia

Restoration

Consolidation

Injection MortarsMozaik

Ayasofya

Onarım

Tespit

Dolgu Harcı.

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Murat Cura

Yayıncı: Bursa Uludağ University

Ana Başlıklar: Arkeoloji Bilimi

Dergi: Journal of Mosaic Research Issue 17, pp.239-249

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 4/2024

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001330151

pISSN: 1309-047X

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Murat Cura

Yayıncı:

Bursa Uludağ University

Ana Başlıklar:

Arkeoloji Bilimi

Dergi:

Journal of Mosaic Research Issue 17, pp.239-249

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

4/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001330151

pISSN:

1309-047X