Some Findings and Evaluations on The Mamluks and The Chagataids Relations

Kazım Uzun

Makale detayları

Some Findings and Evaluations on The Mamluks and The Chagataids Relations

Yazarlar:

Kazım Uzun

Yayıncı:

Ege University

Dergi:

Türk Dünyası İncelemeleri Dergisi Vol.23 Issue 1, pp.41-57

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001291885

pISSN:

1301-2045

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 The westward advance of the Mongols caused radical changes in the Middle East. The establishment of the Golden Horde State in the Desht-i Qipchaq area and the Ilkhanate State based in Iran were at the forefront of these changes. The Ilkhanids could not be stopped until 1260 when the Mamluks could hinder their advance in Ain Jalut. However, in the following half-century, Ilkhanids efforts to dominate Azerbaijan, Anatolia and Syria continued, and there was no change in their aggressive policy towards the Mamluks. The Ilkhanids also were at war with their own kinsmen, as well as their northern and eastern border neighbors, the Golden Horde and the Chagataids. The hostile stance of the Ilkhanids towards their other border neighbors set the Mamluks natural candidates of allies for the Golden Horde, the Chagataids and even the Anatolian Seljuks. Sultan Baybars succeeded in establishing and developing relations with the Golden Horde state, which was among of the great powers of the time under te reign of a Muslim leader. In addition, the Chagataids were also among the influential powers in the region, bordering the Ilkhanids and they were in conflict with them which encouraged the Mamluks to establish diplomatic relations with them as well. The accounts of the Mamluks relations with Qaidu, who were the de facto ruler of the Chagataids for a while, and Chagatai khans were reflected in the sources. This study aims to reveal these accounts and at the same time study them in a context to investigate the period.

 The westward advance of the Mongols caused radical changes in the Middle East. The establishment of the Golden Horde State in the Desht-i Qipchaq area and the Ilkhanate State based in Iran were at the forefront of these changes. The Ilkhanids could not be stopped until 1260 when the Mamluks could hinder their advance in Ain Jalut. However, in the following half-century, Ilkhanids efforts to dominate Azerbaijan, Anatolia and Syria continued, and there was no change in their aggressive policy towards the Mamluks. The Ilkhanids also were at war with their own kinsmen, as well as their northern and eastern border neighbors, the Golden Horde and the Chagataids. The hostile stance of the Ilkhanids towards their other border neighbors set the Mamluks natural candidates of allies for the Golden Horde, the Chagataids and even the Anatolian Seljuks. Sultan Baybars succeeded in establishing and developing relations with the Golden Horde state, which was among of the great powers of the time under te reign of a Muslim leader. In addition, the Chagataids were also among the influential powers in the region, bordering the Ilkhanids and they were in conflict with them which encouraged the Mamluks to establish diplomatic relations with them as well. The accounts of the Mamluks relations with Qaidu, who were the de facto ruler of the Chagataids for a while, and Chagatai khans were reflected in the sources. This study aims to reveal these accounts and at the same time study them in a context to investigate the period.

 The westward advance of the Mongols caused radical changes in the Middle East. The establishment of the Golden Horde State in the Desht-i Qipchaq area and the Ilkhanate State based in Iran were at the forefront of these changes. The Ilkhanids could not be stopped until 1260 when the Mamluks could hinder their advance in Ain Jalut. However, in the following half-century, Ilkhanids efforts to dominate Azerbaijan, Anatolia and Syria continued, and there was no change in their aggressive policy towards the Mamluks. The Ilkhanids also were at war with their own kinsmen, as well as their northern and eastern border neighbors, the Golden Horde and the Chagataids. The hostile stance of the Ilkhanids towards their other border neighbors set the Mamluks natural candidates of allies for the Golden Horde, the Chagataids and even the Anatolian Seljuks. Sultan Baybars succeeded in establishing and developing relations with the Golden Horde state, which was among of the great powers of the time under te reign of a Muslim leader. In addition, the Chagataids were also among the influential powers in the region, bordering the Ilkhanids and they were in conflict with them which encouraged the Mamluks to establish diplomatic relations with them as well. The accounts of the Mamluks relations with Qaidu, who were the de facto ruler of the Chagataids for a while, and Chagatai khans were reflected in the sources. This study aims to reveal these accounts and at the same time study them in a context to investigate the period.

 Moğolların batı yönlü ilerleyişleri Ortadoğuda köklü değişikliklere sebep oldu. Deşt-i Kıpçak sahasında Altın Orda Devletinin ve İran merkezli olarak da İlhanlı Devletinin kurulması bu değişimlerin başında geliyordu. İlhanlıların bu ilerleyişini ancak Memlûkler 1260 yılında Ayn Câlutta durdurabildiler. Ne var ki, takip eden yaklaşık yarım yüzyılı aşkın süreçte İlhanlıların Azerbaycan, Anadolu ve Suriyede hâkim olma gayretleri devam etti ve Memlûklere karşı saldırgan tutumlarında herhangi bir değişiklik olmadı. Bununla birlikte, İlhanlılar kendi soydaşları ve aynı zamanda sınır komşuları olan Altın Orda ve Çağataylılar ile de mücadele halindeydiler. İlhanlıların diğer sınır komşuları ile düşmanca ilişkileri Memlûkleri, Altın Orda, Çağataylılar ve hatta Anadolu Selçukluları ile doğal birer müttefik adayı haline getiriyordu. Sultan Baybars dönemin büyük güçlerinden ve Müslüman bir lidere sahip Altın Orda Devleti ile ilişkiler tesis ederek bunları geliştirmeyi başardı. Bununla birlikte, Çağataylıların da bölgenin etkili güçlerinden biri, İlhanlılarla sınır komşusu ve aynı zamanda mücadele halinde olmaları Memlûkleri onlarla da diplomatik ilişkiler kurma yönünde teşvik etti. Nihayet Memlûklerin, bir süre Çağataylıların üst hâkimi pozisyonunda bulunan Kaydu ve sonra Çağatay hanları ile ilişkilerine dair kayıtlar kaynaklara yansımıştır. Bu çalışma söz konusu kayıtları ortaya koyma ve aynı zamanda bunları dönemin konjonktürüne uygun düşen bir bağlamda değerlendirmeyi hedeflemektedir.

Makale detayları

Some Findings and Evaluations on The Mamluks and The Chagataids Relations

Yazarlar:

Kazım Uzun

Yayıncı:

Ege University

Dergi:

Türk Dünyası İncelemeleri Dergisi Vol.23 Issue 1, pp.41-57

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001291885

pISSN:

1301-2045

The Mamluks

The Chagataids

Qaidu

The Ilkhanids

The Golden HordeMemlûkler

Çağataylılar

Kaydu

İlhanlılar

Altın Orda

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Kazım Uzun

Yayıncı: Ege University

Dergi: Türk Dünyası İncelemeleri Dergisi Vol.23 Issue 1, pp.41-57

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 6/2023

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001291885

pISSN: 1301-2045

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Kazım Uzun

Yayıncı:

Ege University

Dergi:

Türk Dünyası İncelemeleri Dergisi Vol.23 Issue 1, pp.41-57

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001291885

pISSN:

1301-2045