Comparison of Financial Reporting Standards for Small and Micro Enterprises (FRS for SMEs ) with Other Standards (TFRS-FRS for LMSEs) in the Conceptual Framework and Financial Statements

Habib Akdoğan; Ela Hiçyorulmaz

Makale detayları

Comparison of Financial Reporting Standards for Small and Micro Enterprises (FRS for SMEs ) with Other Standards (TFRS-FRS for LMSEs) in the Conceptual Framework and Financial Statements

Yazarlar:

Habib Akdoğan | Ela Hiçyorulmaz

Yayıncı:

Ahmet Arif EREN

Ana Başlıklar:

Finansal Muhasebe

Dergi:

Fiscaoeconomia Vol.9 Issue 1, pp.185-200

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

2/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001341616

pISSN:

2564-7504

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 The first steps of standardization in Türkiye were taken with the General Communiqué on Accounting System Application, which was legalized in 1992 and came into force in 1994. This system, which came into force with the Uniform Accounting System and can also be described as a local standard, has become insufficient to meet the requirements of globalization. With globalization, the system has evolved from the national dimension to the international dimension due to reasons such as the expansion of businesses from the national market to the international market and the encouragement of foreign capital investments. In parallel with this, international accounting standards, which the European Union Countries have started to apply to their banking systems since 2005, will also be implemented in our country in the future. The Turkish Commercial Code was amended in 2011 to create the infrastructure for International Accounting Standards IAS. Then, in 2013, the Turkish Financial Reporting Standards TFRS; in 2018, the Financial Reporting Standards for Large and Medium Enterprises FRS for LMSEs; and finally, as of 2023, the Financial Reporting Standards for Small and Micro Enterprises FRS for SMEs came into effect. The aim of this study is to reveal the similarities and differences of KUMİ FRS, which will concern approximately 99.8 of the businesses in Türkiye, from the previously implemented TFRS and BOBİ FRS in terms of conceptual framework and financial statements to be included in the application. When we look at the conceptual framework, all three standards mention basic and supporting qualitative features. In this sense, they mentioned the basic features of useful financial information, such as relevance and realistic presentation, as well as supporting features, such as understandability, comparability, and timely presentation. However, this is not clearly mentioned in the current accounting system. There are differences in both the content and type of financial statements that provide important data for accounting information users. In addition, all standards attach great importance to footnotes.

 The first steps of standardization in Türkiye were taken with the General Communiqué on Accounting System Application, which was legalized in 1992 and came into force in 1994. This system, which came into force with the Uniform Accounting System and can also be described as a local standard, has become insufficient to meet the requirements of globalization. With globalization, the system has evolved from the national dimension to the international dimension due to reasons such as the expansion of businesses from the national market to the international market and the encouragement of foreign capital investments. In parallel with this, international accounting standards, which the European Union Countries have started to apply to their banking systems since 2005, will also be implemented in our country in the future. The Turkish Commercial Code was amended in 2011 to create the infrastructure for International Accounting Standards IAS. Then, in 2013, the Turkish Financial Reporting Standards TFRS; in 2018, the Financial Reporting Standards for Large and Medium Enterprises FRS for LMSEs; and finally, as of 2023, the Financial Reporting Standards for Small and Micro Enterprises FRS for SMEs came into effect. The aim of this study is to reveal the similarities and differences of KUMİ FRS, which will concern approximately 99.8 of the businesses in Türkiye, from the previously implemented TFRS and BOBİ FRS in terms of conceptual framework and financial statements to be included in the application. When we look at the conceptual framework, all three standards mention basic and supporting qualitative features. In this sense, they mentioned the basic features of useful financial information, such as relevance and realistic presentation, as well as supporting features, such as understandability, comparability, and timely presentation. However, this is not clearly mentioned in the current accounting system. There are differences in both the content and type of financial statements that provide important data for accounting information users. In addition, all standards attach great importance to footnotes.

 The first steps of standardization in Türkiye were taken with the General Communiqué on Accounting System Application, which was legalized in 1992 and came into force in 1994. This system, which came into force with the Uniform Accounting System and can also be described as a local standard, has become insufficient to meet the requirements of globalization. With globalization, the system has evolved from the national dimension to the international dimension due to reasons such as the expansion of businesses from the national market to the international market and the encouragement of foreign capital investments. In parallel with this, international accounting standards, which the European Union Countries have started to apply to their banking systems since 2005, will also be implemented in our country in the future. The Turkish Commercial Code was amended in 2011 to create the infrastructure for International Accounting Standards IAS. Then, in 2013, the Turkish Financial Reporting Standards TFRS; in 2018, the Financial Reporting Standards for Large and Medium Enterprises FRS for LMSEs; and finally, as of 2023, the Financial Reporting Standards for Small and Micro Enterprises FRS for SMEs came into effect. The aim of this study is to reveal the similarities and differences of KUMİ FRS, which will concern approximately 99.8 of the businesses in Türkiye, from the previously implemented TFRS and BOBİ FRS in terms of conceptual framework and financial statements to be included in the application. When we look at the conceptual framework, all three standards mention basic and supporting qualitative features. In this sense, they mentioned the basic features of useful financial information, such as relevance and realistic presentation, as well as supporting features, such as understandability, comparability, and timely presentation. However, this is not clearly mentioned in the current accounting system. There are differences in both the content and type of financial statements that provide important data for accounting information users. In addition, all standards attach great importance to footnotes.

 Ülkemizde standartlaştırmanın ilk adımları 1992 yılında yasallaşıp ve 1994 yılında yürürlüğe giren Muhasebe Sistemi Uygulama Genel Tebliği ile atılmıştır. Tek Düzen Muhasebe Sistemi ile yürürlüğe giren ve yerel standartlar olarak da nitelendirilebilecek bu sistem, küreselleşmeyle birlikte gereksinimleri karşılamakta yetersiz kalmıştır. Küreselleşmeyle birlikte işletmelerin ulusal pazardan uluslararası pazara açılması, diğer yandan yabancı sermaye yatırımlarının teşvik edilmesi gibi nedenlerle, sistem ulusal boyuttan uluslararası boyuta evrilmiştir. Buna paralel olarak da Avrupa Birliği Ülkelerinin 2005 yılından itibaren bankacılık sistemleri için uygulamaya başladığı uluslararası muhasebe standartları, ülkemizde de ilerleyen zamanlarda uygulanmaya başlamıştır. Uluslararası Muhasebe Standartlarının UMS altyapısını oluşturmak üzere 2011 yılında Türk Ticaret Yasası değiştirilmiştir. Ardından 2013 yılında Türkiye Finansal Raporlama Standartları TFRS, 2018 yılında Büyük ve Orta Boy İşletmeler İçin Finansal Raporlama Standartları BOBİ FRS, en son olarak 2023 yılından itibaren Küçük ve Mikro İşletmeler İçin Finansal Raporlama Standartları KÜMİ FRS uygulamaya girmiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı Türkiyedeki işletmelerin yaklaşık 99,8ini ilgilendirecek olan KÜMİ FRSlerin daha önce uygulanmaya başlanmış olan TFRS ve BOBİ FRSden kavramsal çerçeve ve uygulamada yer alacak finansal tablolar açısından benzerlikleri ile farklılıklarını ortaya koymaktır. Kavramsal çerçeve açısından baktığımızda her üç standartta temel ve destekleyici niteliksel özelliklerden söz etmektedir. Bu anlamda ihtiyaca uygunluk, gerçeğe uygun sunum gibi faydalı finansal bilginin temel özellikleri yanında, anlaşılabilirlik, karşılaştırılabilirlik ve zamanında sunum gibi destekleyici özelliklerden de söz etmişlerdir. Ancak mevcut muhasebe sisteminde MSUGTTVUK bu anlamda açık bir şekilde söz edilmemiştir. Muhasebe bilgi kullanıcıları için önemli veriler sunan finansal tablolarda gerek içerik gerekse tabloların türünde farklılıklar bulunmaktadır. Ayrıca tüm standartlar dipnotlara oldukça önem vermiştir.

Makale detayları

Comparison of Financial Reporting Standards for Small and Micro Enterprises (FRS for SMEs ) with Other Standards (TFRS-FRS for LMSEs) in the Conceptual Framework and Financial Statements

Yazarlar:

Habib Akdoğan | Ela Hiçyorulmaz

Yayıncı:

Ahmet Arif EREN

Ana Başlıklar:

Finansal Muhasebe

Dergi:

Fiscaoeconomia Vol.9 Issue 1, pp.185-200

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

2/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001341616

pISSN:

2564-7504

FRS for SMEs

FRS for LMSEs

MSUGT/VUK

TMS/TFRSKÜMİ FRS

BOBİ FRS

MSUGT/VUK

TMS/TFRS

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Habib Akdoğan | Ela Hiçyorulmaz

Yayıncı: Ahmet Arif EREN

Ana Başlıklar: Finansal Muhasebe

Dergi: Fiscaoeconomia Vol.9 Issue 1, pp.185-200

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 2/2025

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001341616

pISSN: 2564-7504

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Habib Akdoğan | Ela Hiçyorulmaz

Yayıncı:

Ahmet Arif EREN

Ana Başlıklar:

Finansal Muhasebe

Dergi:

Fiscaoeconomia Vol.9 Issue 1, pp.185-200

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

2/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001341616

pISSN:

2564-7504