Religious Individualization and New Conservative Intellectual in the Tanzimat Period in the Context of Modernization of Education

İbrahim Gümüşay

Makale detayları

Religious Individualization and New Conservative Intellectual in the Tanzimat Period in the Context of Modernization of Education

Yazarlar:

İbrahim Gümüşay

Yayıncı:

Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University

Ana Başlıklar:

Din Araştırmaları

Dergi:

Rize İlahiyat Dergisi Issue 23, pp.109-124

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

4/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001288048

pISSN:

2980-0331

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 Modernization, which is one of the important subjects of sociology and sociology of religion, has affected the way of life as well as led to some mental changes in the way of understanding and interpreting religion. As a result of this mentality change, the individual was defined as an actor in which his mind was exalted and the importance of his will emphasized, and as a requirement of this role, he aimed to reveal the modern interpretation of religion against traditional religious understandings. In the Tanzimat period, when the first modernization efforts were seen in all institutional areas in Turkey, the Ottoman Empire felt the need to renew its institutional structures by taking the science and technique of the West as a solution to the military failures, and this situation paved the way for modern culture to take a place in the Ottoman society. In the transmission of modern culture, education has undertaken an important function in terms of gaining both a new worldview and an individual attitude. In this article, it has been seen important how the Tanzimat period, which is historically accepted as the beginning of modernization in Turkey, had an impact on the individualization of religion. In this study, using the literature review method, the effort to search for the modern interpretation of Islam of the Intellectual segment, who has a modern consciousness and has a modern consciousness, has been discussed. As a result, the conservative segment, which adopted modern values during the Tanzimat period, subjected the traditional understanding of the basic principles of Islam such as belief and worship to various criticisms, and tried to put forward new forms of interpretation compatible with modern values instead of the rejected traditional understanding of religion. This attitude, which is considered as religious individualization, has revealed a type of intellectual called New Conservative Intellectual.

 Modernization, which is one of the important subjects of sociology and sociology of religion, has affected the way of life as well as led to some mental changes in the way of understanding and interpreting religion. As a result of this mentality change, the individual was defined as an actor in which his mind was exalted and the importance of his will emphasized, and as a requirement of this role, he aimed to reveal the modern interpretation of religion against traditional religious understandings. In the Tanzimat period, when the first modernization efforts were seen in all institutional areas in Turkey, the Ottoman Empire felt the need to renew its institutional structures by taking the science and technique of the West as a solution to the military failures, and this situation paved the way for modern culture to take a place in the Ottoman society. In the transmission of modern culture, education has undertaken an important function in terms of gaining both a new worldview and an individual attitude. In this article, it has been seen important how the Tanzimat period, which is historically accepted as the beginning of modernization in Turkey, had an impact on the individualization of religion. In this study, using the literature review method, the effort to search for the modern interpretation of Islam of the Intellectual segment, who has a modern consciousness and has a modern consciousness, has been discussed. As a result, the conservative segment, which adopted modern values during the Tanzimat period, subjected the traditional understanding of the basic principles of Islam such as belief and worship to various criticisms, and tried to put forward new forms of interpretation compatible with modern values instead of the rejected traditional understanding of religion. This attitude, which is considered as religious individualization, has revealed a type of intellectual called New Conservative Intellectual.

 Modernization, which is one of the important subjects of sociology and sociology of religion, has affected the way of life as well as led to some mental changes in the way of understanding and interpreting religion. As a result of this mentality change, the individual was defined as an actor in which his mind was exalted and the importance of his will emphasized, and as a requirement of this role, he aimed to reveal the modern interpretation of religion against traditional religious understandings. In the Tanzimat period, when the first modernization efforts were seen in all institutional areas in Turkey, the Ottoman Empire felt the need to renew its institutional structures by taking the science and technique of the West as a solution to the military failures, and this situation paved the way for modern culture to take a place in the Ottoman society. In the transmission of modern culture, education has undertaken an important function in terms of gaining both a new worldview and an individual attitude. In this article, it has been seen important how the Tanzimat period, which is historically accepted as the beginning of modernization in Turkey, had an impact on the individualization of religion. In this study, using the literature review method, the effort to search for the modern interpretation of Islam of the Intellectual segment, who has a modern consciousness and has a modern consciousness, has been discussed. As a result, the conservative segment, which adopted modern values during the Tanzimat period, subjected the traditional understanding of the basic principles of Islam such as belief and worship to various criticisms, and tried to put forward new forms of interpretation compatible with modern values instead of the rejected traditional understanding of religion. This attitude, which is considered as religious individualization, has revealed a type of intellectual called New Conservative Intellectual.

 Sosyolojinin ve din sosyolojisinin önemli konularından biri olan modernleşme, yaşam biçimlerini etkilediği gibi dini anlama ve yorumlama biçimlerinde birtakım zihniyet değişimlerine yol açmıştır. Bu zihniyet değişimi sonucu birey, aklının yüceltildiği ve iradesinin öneminin vurgulandığı bir aktör şeklinde tanımlanmış, bu rolünün gereği olarak geleneksel din anlayışlarına karşı dinin modern yorumunu ortaya koymayı amaçlamıştır. Türkiyede bütün kurumsal alanlarda ilk modernleşme çabalarının görüldüğü Tanzimat döneminde Osmanlı Devleti, yaşanan askeri başarısızlıklara çözüm olarak kurumsal yapılarını Batının bilim ve tekniğini örnek alarak yenileme ihtiyacı hissetmiş, bu durum modern kültürün Osmanlı toplumunda yer edinmesinin yolunu açmıştır. Modern kültürün aktarımında eğitim, hem yeni bir dünya görüşü hem de bireysel tutum kazandırma açısından önemli bir işlev üstlenmiştir. Tanzimat döneminde modern değerleri benimseyen muhafazakar kesim, İslamın inanç ve ibadet gibi temel esaslarının geleneksel anlayış biçimlerini çeşitli eleştirilere tâbi tutmuş, reddedilen geleneksel din anlayışının yerine modern değerle uyumlu yeni yorum biçimleri ortaya koymaya çalışmıştır. Dini bireyselleşme olarak değerlendirilen bu tutum, Yeni Muhafazakar Aydın olarak adlandırılan bir aydın tipini ortaya çıkarmıştır.

Makale detayları

Religious Individualization and New Conservative Intellectual in the Tanzimat Period in the Context of Modernization of Education

Yazarlar:

İbrahim Gümüşay

Yayıncı:

Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University

Ana Başlıklar:

Din Araştırmaları

Dergi:

Rize İlahiyat Dergisi Issue 23, pp.109-124

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

4/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001288048

pISSN:

2980-0331

Sociology of Religion

Modernization

Education

Individualization

Tanzimat Period

New Conservative IntellectualDin Sosyolojisi

Modernleşme

Eğitim

Dini Bireyselleşme

Tanzimat Dönemi

Yeni Muhafazakar Aydın

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: İbrahim Gümüşay

Yayıncı: Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University

Ana Başlıklar: Din Araştırmaları

Dergi: Rize İlahiyat Dergisi Issue 23, pp.109-124

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 4/2023

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001288048

pISSN: 2980-0331

Sayı

Yazarlar:

İbrahim Gümüşay

Yayıncı:

Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University

Ana Başlıklar:

Din Araştırmaları

Dergi:

Rize İlahiyat Dergisi Issue 23, pp.109-124

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

4/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001288048

pISSN:

2980-0331