TUNCELI ALEVI HEARTHS AND OVACIK AKTAŞ FATHERS IN THE TRANSMISSION OF CULTURAL MEMORY AND URBAN MEMORY

Şengül Şenol

Makale detayları

TUNCELI ALEVI HEARTHS AND OVACIK AKTAŞ FATHERS IN THE TRANSMISSION OF CULTURAL MEMORY AND URBAN MEMORY

Yazarlar:

Şengül Şenol

Yayıncı:

Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli University

Ana Başlıklar:

Alevilik Bektaşilik Araştırmaları

Dergi:

Türk Kültürü ve Hacı Bektaş Veli Araştırma Dergisi Issue 113, pp.19-44

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

3/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001343232

pISSN:

1306-8253

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 The communication tools and digital culture created by todays rapidly digitalising world are insufficient especially in the transfer of certain cultural heritage to new generations. In this context, the digitalisation of history and nature readings cannot prevent memory loss. Alevi culture is a treasure trove of peaceful discourses in terms of its cultural diversity and integrative attitude. Failure to keep this culture alive means that peaceful discourses cannot be passed on to future generations. Alevi spaces and centres are the most important institutionalised building blocks of urban memory in terms of transmitting past values and cultural accumulation. With the awareness of this responsibility, Alevi social memory and intangible cultural heritage are kept alive and struggled against the deepening loss of social memory. The rituals and authentic narratives performed in these places serve as a function that connects the past to the present in the transmission of Alevi cultural heritage and memory, which are about to disappear. Alevism has an important place in the transmission of urban memory in this province, which was renamed Çemişgezek, Hozat, Dersim and Tunceli respectively. The rules of consent and ikrar in the Ocak system, which is the foundation of Alevi belief, constitute the building blocks of social welfare and social justice. The hearths and their representatives, which have the characteristics of a school for the maturation of the individual, pass on the cultural memory of the 4 gates and 40 maqams to new generations until the age of 16. A Baba guide, pir, murshid belonging to an Alevi hearth visits the Alevi Canes for whom he is responsible at least once a year and offers a Gulbenk prayer. During the Cem Belief Ritual, in which Baba and Ana also take part, the communitys problems are solved through the service of Drawing the Essence to the Dara, while the individual is spiritually purified through semah and philosophical sayings. This study also covers the shrinesvisitation centres of the Ovacık Aktaş Babas, who are affiliated to the ŞıŞâh Ahmet Şeyh Ahmet Mürşit Quarry due to their role as tangible cultural heritage in Tunceli. Using Teun A. Van Dijks critical discourse analysis in the methodology of the study, the transmission of Alevi belief and philosophy to new generations and the transformations it has undergone today are evaluated through the relationship between historical transmission and urban memory.

 The communication tools and digital culture created by todays rapidly digitalising world are insufficient especially in the transfer of certain cultural heritage to new generations. In this context, the digitalisation of history and nature readings cannot prevent memory loss. Alevi culture is a treasure trove of peaceful discourses in terms of its cultural diversity and integrative attitude. Failure to keep this culture alive means that peaceful discourses cannot be passed on to future generations. Alevi spaces and centres are the most important institutionalised building blocks of urban memory in terms of transmitting past values and cultural accumulation. With the awareness of this responsibility, Alevi social memory and intangible cultural heritage are kept alive and struggled against the deepening loss of social memory. The rituals and authentic narratives performed in these places serve as a function that connects the past to the present in the transmission of Alevi cultural heritage and memory, which are about to disappear. Alevism has an important place in the transmission of urban memory in this province, which was renamed Çemişgezek, Hozat, Dersim and Tunceli respectively. The rules of consent and ikrar in the Ocak system, which is the foundation of Alevi belief, constitute the building blocks of social welfare and social justice. The hearths and their representatives, which have the characteristics of a school for the maturation of the individual, pass on the cultural memory of the 4 gates and 40 maqams to new generations until the age of 16. A Baba guide, pir, murshid belonging to an Alevi hearth visits the Alevi Canes for whom he is responsible at least once a year and offers a Gulbenk prayer. During the Cem Belief Ritual, in which Baba and Ana also take part, the communitys problems are solved through the service of Drawing the Essence to the Dara, while the individual is spiritually purified through semah and philosophical sayings. This study also covers the shrinesvisitation centres of the Ovacık Aktaş Babas, who are affiliated to the ŞıŞâh Ahmet Şeyh Ahmet Mürşit Quarry due to their role as tangible cultural heritage in Tunceli. Using Teun A. Van Dijks critical discourse analysis in the methodology of the study, the transmission of Alevi belief and philosophy to new generations and the transformations it has undergone today are evaluated through the relationship between historical transmission and urban memory.

 The communication tools and digital culture created by todays rapidly digitalising world are insufficient especially in the transfer of certain cultural heritage to new generations. In this context, the digitalisation of history and nature readings cannot prevent memory loss. Alevi culture is a treasure trove of peaceful discourses in terms of its cultural diversity and integrative attitude. Failure to keep this culture alive means that peaceful discourses cannot be passed on to future generations. Alevi spaces and centres are the most important institutionalised building blocks of urban memory in terms of transmitting past values and cultural accumulation. With the awareness of this responsibility, Alevi social memory and intangible cultural heritage are kept alive and struggled against the deepening loss of social memory. The rituals and authentic narratives performed in these places serve as a function that connects the past to the present in the transmission of Alevi cultural heritage and memory, which are about to disappear. Alevism has an important place in the transmission of urban memory in this province, which was renamed Çemişgezek, Hozat, Dersim and Tunceli respectively. The rules of consent and ikrar in the Ocak system, which is the foundation of Alevi belief, constitute the building blocks of social welfare and social justice. The hearths and their representatives, which have the characteristics of a school for the maturation of the individual, pass on the cultural memory of the 4 gates and 40 maqams to new generations until the age of 16. A Baba guide, pir, murshid belonging to an Alevi hearth visits the Alevi Canes for whom he is responsible at least once a year and offers a Gulbenk prayer. During the Cem Belief Ritual, in which Baba and Ana also take part, the communitys problems are solved through the service of Drawing the Essence to the Dara, while the individual is spiritually purified through semah and philosophical sayings. This study also covers the shrinesvisitation centres of the Ovacık Aktaş Babas, who are affiliated to the ŞıŞâh Ahmet Şeyh Ahmet Mürşit Quarry due to their role as tangible cultural heritage in Tunceli. Using Teun A. Van Dijks critical discourse analysis in the methodology of the study, the transmission of Alevi belief and philosophy to new generations and the transformations it has undergone today are evaluated through the relationship between historical transmission and urban memory.

 Günümüzün hızla dijitalleşen dünyasının yarattığı iletişim araçları ve dijital kültür, özellikle belirli kültürel mirasların yeni nesillere aktarılmasında yetersiz kalmaktadır. Bu bağlamda tarih ve doğa okumalarının dijitalleşmesi hafıza kaybının önüne geçememektedir. Alevi kültürü, kültürel çeşitliliği ve bütünleştirici tavrı açısından barışçıl söylemler hazinesidir. Bu kültürün yaşatılamaması, barışçıl söylemlerin gelecek nesillere aktarılamaması anlamına gelmektedir. Alevi mekân ve merkezleri, geçmiş değerlerin ve kültürel birikimin aktarılması açısından kentsel belleğin kurumsallaşmış en önemli yapı taşlarıdır. Bu sorumluluğun bilinciyle Alevi toplumsal hafızasının ve somut olmayan kültürel mirasının canlı tutulması ve derinleşen toplumsal hafıza kaybına karşı mücadele etmektedir. Bu mekanlarda icra edilen ritüeller, otantik anlatılar, kaybolmaya yüz tutmuş Alevi kültürel mirasının ve belleğinin aktarımında geçmişi bugüne bağlayan bir işlevi görmektedir. Tarihsel geçmişteki eski adının sırasıyla Çemişgezek, Hozat, Dersim ve Tunceli adını alan bu ilde Alevilik kent belleğinin aktarımında önemli bir yere sahiptir. Alevi inancının temeli olan Ocak sistemindeki rıza- ikrar kurallarının toplumsal refahın ve sosyal adaletin yapı taşlarını oluşturmaktadır. Bireyin olgunlaşması açısından bir okul özelliği taşıyan Ocaklar ve onun temsilcileri kültürel hafıza olan 4 kapı 40 makam öğretisini 16 yaşına kadar yeni kuşaklara aktarırlar. Alevi ocağına mensup bir Baba rehber, pir, mürşit en az yılda bir kez sorumlu olduğu Alevi Canları ziyaret eder ve Gülbenk dua verir. Baba ve Ananın da yanında yer aldığı Cem İnanç Ritüelinde yapılan Özünü Dara Çekme hizmetiyle topluluğun sorunları çözüme bağlanırken, semah ve felsefi deyişlerle birey ruhen arındırılmaktadır. Bu çalışma, Tuncelideki somut kültürel miras rolü nedeniyle ŞıŞâh Ahmet Şeyh Ahmet Mürşit Ocağına bağlı olan Ovacık Aktaş Babalarının türbe ziyaretgahlarını da kapsamaktadır. Çalışmanın metodolojisinde Teun A. Van Dijkın eleştirel söylem analizi kullanılarak Alevi inanç ve felsefesinin yeni nesillere aktarımı ve günümüzde geçirdiği dönüşümler tarihsel aktarım ve kentsel bellek ilişkisi üzerinden değerlendirilmiştir.

Makale detayları

TUNCELI ALEVI HEARTHS AND OVACIK AKTAŞ FATHERS IN THE TRANSMISSION OF CULTURAL MEMORY AND URBAN MEMORY

Yazarlar:

Şengül Şenol

Yayıncı:

Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli University

Ana Başlıklar:

Alevilik Bektaşilik Araştırmaları

Dergi:

Türk Kültürü ve Hacı Bektaş Veli Araştırma Dergisi Issue 113, pp.19-44

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

3/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001343232

pISSN:

1306-8253

Alevism and Hearths

Aktaş Fathers

Tunceli City Memory

Tangible Cultural Heritage and Intangible Cultural Heritage

Visitor Centres.Alevilik ve Ocakları

Aktaş Babaları

Tunceli Kent Belleği

Somut Kültürel Miras ve Somut Olmayan Kültürel Miras

Ziyaretgâhlar.

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Şengül Şenol

Yayıncı: Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli University

Ana Başlıklar: Alevilik Bektaşilik Araştırmaları

Dergi: Türk Kültürü ve Hacı Bektaş Veli Araştırma Dergisi Issue 113, pp.19-44

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 3/2025

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001343232

pISSN: 1306-8253

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Şengül Şenol

Yayıncı:

Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli University

Ana Başlıklar:

Alevilik Bektaşilik Araştırmaları

Dergi:

Türk Kültürü ve Hacı Bektaş Veli Araştırma Dergisi Issue 113, pp.19-44

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

3/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001343232

pISSN:

1306-8253