FROM DIVINE TO HUMAN: TRANSFORMATIONS AND INFLUENCES IN CLASSICAL GREEK ARTISTIC THOUGHT

M. Önder Göncüoğlu

Makale detayları

FROM DIVINE TO HUMAN: TRANSFORMATIONS AND INFLUENCES IN CLASSICAL GREEK ARTISTIC THOUGHT

Yazarlar:

M. Önder Göncüoğlu

Yayıncı:

Ankara University

Ana Başlıklar:

Karşılaştırmalı ve Ulusötesi Edebiyat

Dergi:

Ankara Üniversitesi Dil ve Tarih-Coğrafya Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.65 Issue 1, pp.120-156

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2025

Belge Dili:

İngilizce

Document ID (Org No.):

2001351567

pISSN:

2459-0150

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 The fifth century BCE stands out as a revolutionary period in Classical Greek philosophy, literature, and art, often regarded as a turning point and a golden age in the context of cultural history. The term classical originates from the outstanding artistic richness that emerged during this era in fields such as sculpture, painting, architecture, and theater. This artistic wealth, which becomes visible in the fifth century BCE, flourishes in the following Hellenistic period. The artistic revolution of this period is made possible by the rise of rational thought, which begins in the sixth century BCE but reaches its zenith in the fifth century BCE. This new rational perspective gradually replaces old mythological narratives with themes centered on human concerns. While many artifacts of the fifth century BCE reflect a synthesis of Pythagorean principles of mathematical proportion and Apollonian ideals of perfection, the philosophical inquiries of the Sophists and Socrates in the later part of the century begin to influence this revolutionary change. This philosophical shift directs art visibly towards human centered themes. It prompts artists, sculptors, and playwrights to explore both divine and human subjects within a new framework. This study examines the transformation in Classical Greek artistic thought, tracing how divine representations in early artifacts, inspired by Eastern World, gradually give way to human centered themes. Analyzing this evolution within the philosophical, intellectual, and political context of the period, the paper seeks to clarify the complex relationship between emerging ideas and artistic innovations through selected examples of sculpture. By doing so, the research illuminates how mythological narratives evolved into human centered thought.

 The fifth century BCE stands out as a revolutionary period in Classical Greek philosophy, literature, and art, often regarded as a turning point and a golden age in the context of cultural history. The term classical originates from the outstanding artistic richness that emerged during this era in fields such as sculpture, painting, architecture, and theater. This artistic wealth, which becomes visible in the fifth century BCE, flourishes in the following Hellenistic period. The artistic revolution of this period is made possible by the rise of rational thought, which begins in the sixth century BCE but reaches its zenith in the fifth century BCE. This new rational perspective gradually replaces old mythological narratives with themes centered on human concerns. While many artifacts of the fifth century BCE reflect a synthesis of Pythagorean principles of mathematical proportion and Apollonian ideals of perfection, the philosophical inquiries of the Sophists and Socrates in the later part of the century begin to influence this revolutionary change. This philosophical shift directs art visibly towards human centered themes. It prompts artists, sculptors, and playwrights to explore both divine and human subjects within a new framework. This study examines the transformation in Classical Greek artistic thought, tracing how divine representations in early artifacts, inspired by Eastern World, gradually give way to human centered themes. Analyzing this evolution within the philosophical, intellectual, and political context of the period, the paper seeks to clarify the complex relationship between emerging ideas and artistic innovations through selected examples of sculpture. By doing so, the research illuminates how mythological narratives evolved into human centered thought.

 The fifth century BCE stands out as a revolutionary period in Classical Greek philosophy, literature, and art, often regarded as a turning point and a golden age in the context of cultural history. The term classical originates from the outstanding artistic richness that emerged during this era in fields such as sculpture, painting, architecture, and theater. This artistic wealth, which becomes visible in the fifth century BCE, flourishes in the following Hellenistic period. The artistic revolution of this period is made possible by the rise of rational thought, which begins in the sixth century BCE but reaches its zenith in the fifth century BCE. This new rational perspective gradually replaces old mythological narratives with themes centered on human concerns. While many artifacts of the fifth century BCE reflect a synthesis of Pythagorean principles of mathematical proportion and Apollonian ideals of perfection, the philosophical inquiries of the Sophists and Socrates in the later part of the century begin to influence this revolutionary change. This philosophical shift directs art visibly towards human centered themes. It prompts artists, sculptors, and playwrights to explore both divine and human subjects within a new framework. This study examines the transformation in Classical Greek artistic thought, tracing how divine representations in early artifacts, inspired by Eastern World, gradually give way to human centered themes. Analyzing this evolution within the philosophical, intellectual, and political context of the period, the paper seeks to clarify the complex relationship between emerging ideas and artistic innovations through selected examples of sculpture. By doing so, the research illuminates how mythological narratives evolved into human centered thought.

 MÖ beşinci yüzyıl, Klasik Yunan felsefesi, edebiyatı ve sanatında devrimsel bir dönem olarak karşımıza çıkar ve sıklıkla kültür tarihsel bağlamda bir dönüm noktası, bir altın çağ olarak kabul edilir. Nitekim klasik terimi de bu dönemde beliren heykel, resim, mimari ve tiyatro gibi alanlardaki dikkat çekici sanatsal zenginlikten kaynaklanır. MÖ beşinci yüzyılda görünür olan bu sanatsal zenginlik takip eden Helenistik dönemde de etkisini sürdürür. Sanattaki bu devrim, MÖ altıncı yüzyılda başlayan ancak MÖ beşinci yüzyılda zirveye ulaşan rasyonel düşüncenin yükselişiyle mümkün olur. Bu rasyonel yeni düşünce sayesinde eski mitolojik söylenceler yavaş yavaş yerini insana dair olan konulara bırakır. MÖ beşinci yüzyılın çoğu eseri her ne kadar Pythagorasın matematiksel orantı ilkeleri ile Apolloncu mükemmeliyet ideallerini harmanlayan bir niteliğe sahip olsa da MÖ beşinci yüzyılın ilerleyen dönemlerinde Sofistlerin ve Sokratesin felsefi sorgulamaları söz konusu devrimsel değişimi etkiler ve sanatı insan merkezli temalara doğru görünür şekilde dönüştürür. Böylece sanatçılar, heykeltraşlar ve oyun yazarları hem kutsal hem de insani konuları yeni bir çerçevede ele almaya başlarlar. Bu çalışma, Klasik Yunan düşüncesindeki değişimi inceleyerek, Doğudan esinlenilmiş ilk yontu örneklerindeki tanrı tasvirlerinin zamanla terkedilip yerine nasıl insan temalarının geçtiğini ortaya koymaktadır. Dönemin felsefi, entelektüel ve siyasi bağlamı içinde bu dönüşümü ele alan bu araştırma, yükselen fikirlerle sanatsal yenilikler arasındaki karmaşık ilişkiyi yontu sanatına ait seçilmiş örnekler vasıtasıyla netleştirmeyi amaçlamakta ve böylece mitolojik söylencenin insan merkezli bir düşünceye nasıl evrildiğini ortaya koymaktadır.

Makale detayları

FROM DIVINE TO HUMAN: TRANSFORMATIONS AND INFLUENCES IN CLASSICAL GREEK ARTISTIC THOUGHT

Yazarlar:

M. Önder Göncüoğlu

Yayıncı:

Ankara University

Ana Başlıklar:

Karşılaştırmalı ve Ulusötesi Edebiyat

Dergi:

Ankara Üniversitesi Dil ve Tarih-Coğrafya Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.65 Issue 1, pp.120-156

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2025

Belge Dili:

İngilizce

Document ID (Org No.):

2001351567

pISSN:

2459-0150

The Eastern Influence;

Divine;

Transition;

Human Theme;

Ratio-humana;

Classical Greek SculptureDoğu Etkisi;

Tanrısal Olan;

Değişim;

İnsana Dair;

Ratio-humana;

Klasik Yunan Heykeli

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: M. Önder Göncüoğlu

Yayıncı: Ankara University

Ana Başlıklar: Karşılaştırmalı ve Ulusötesi Edebiyat

Dergi: Ankara Üniversitesi Dil ve Tarih-Coğrafya Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.65 Issue 1, pp.120-156

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 6/2025

Belge Dili: İngilizce

Document ID (Org No.): 2001351567

pISSN: 2459-0150

Sayı

Yazarlar:

M. Önder Göncüoğlu

Yayıncı:

Ankara University

Ana Başlıklar:

Karşılaştırmalı ve Ulusötesi Edebiyat

Dergi:

Ankara Üniversitesi Dil ve Tarih-Coğrafya Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.65 Issue 1, pp.120-156

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2025

Belge Dili:

İngilizce

Document ID (Org No.):

2001351567

pISSN:

2459-0150