An Overview of Forensic Cases Caused by Alcoholic Drink Consumption in the Ottoman Empire in the 16th and 17th Centuries with Archival Documents

Neşe Coşkun Özturan

Makale detayları

An Overview of Forensic Cases Caused by Alcoholic Drink Consumption in the Ottoman Empire in the 16th and 17th Centuries with Archival Documents

Yazarlar:

Neşe Coşkun Özturan

Yayıncı:

Hakan YILMAZ

Ana Başlıklar:

Yeniçağ Osmanlı Tarihi

Dergi:

Akademik Tarih ve Düşünce Dergisi Vol.11 Issue 5, pp.3749-3769

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

11/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001327537

pISSN:

2148-2292

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 The production and consumption of alcoholic beverages in the Ottoman Empire has always been an interesting subject of research for researchers. The state organisation, which was shaped according to the Islamic faith, applied laws to the different ethnic and religious groups within its structure according to the provisions of the religion to which they belonged. In the event that the Muslim population did not comply with the prohibitions on the production, consumption and sale of alcoholic beverages, serious sanctions and penalties were imposed after serious and detailed investigations and trials. There are two main reasons for this situation. The judicial cases and social unrest that may arise after the consumption of alcoholic beverages by Muslims within the Ottoman Empire, which was primarily governed by Islamic law, i.e. Sharia law, cast a shadow on the power and prestige of the central authority. It is unacceptable for the Ottoman Sultan to be unable to control his co-religionists under his rule. Secondly, the judicial cases that may arise after the consumption of alcoholic beverages are a danger for the social peace between Muslim and non-Muslim people. This is because the security of life, honour and property of non-Muslims, who were defined as dhimmis, was under the guarantee of the state. If a Muslim harms a dhimmi, his family and property due to drunkenness, this could have serious consequences for an administrative structure like the Ottoman Empire, which was a multinational state with masses of people belonging to many different faiths. For this reason, a Muslim who received a complaint about the consumption of alcoholic beverages, regardless of the social, economic and intellectual status of the person, was first subjected to a detailed investigation, followed by a trial and the necessary penalties.

 The production and consumption of alcoholic beverages in the Ottoman Empire has always been an interesting subject of research for researchers. The state organisation, which was shaped according to the Islamic faith, applied laws to the different ethnic and religious groups within its structure according to the provisions of the religion to which they belonged. In the event that the Muslim population did not comply with the prohibitions on the production, consumption and sale of alcoholic beverages, serious sanctions and penalties were imposed after serious and detailed investigations and trials. There are two main reasons for this situation. The judicial cases and social unrest that may arise after the consumption of alcoholic beverages by Muslims within the Ottoman Empire, which was primarily governed by Islamic law, i.e. Sharia law, cast a shadow on the power and prestige of the central authority. It is unacceptable for the Ottoman Sultan to be unable to control his co-religionists under his rule. Secondly, the judicial cases that may arise after the consumption of alcoholic beverages are a danger for the social peace between Muslim and non-Muslim people. This is because the security of life, honour and property of non-Muslims, who were defined as dhimmis, was under the guarantee of the state. If a Muslim harms a dhimmi, his family and property due to drunkenness, this could have serious consequences for an administrative structure like the Ottoman Empire, which was a multinational state with masses of people belonging to many different faiths. For this reason, a Muslim who received a complaint about the consumption of alcoholic beverages, regardless of the social, economic and intellectual status of the person, was first subjected to a detailed investigation, followed by a trial and the necessary penalties.

 The production and consumption of alcoholic beverages in the Ottoman Empire has always been an interesting subject of research for researchers. The state organisation, which was shaped according to the Islamic faith, applied laws to the different ethnic and religious groups within its structure according to the provisions of the religion to which they belonged. In the event that the Muslim population did not comply with the prohibitions on the production, consumption and sale of alcoholic beverages, serious sanctions and penalties were imposed after serious and detailed investigations and trials. There are two main reasons for this situation. The judicial cases and social unrest that may arise after the consumption of alcoholic beverages by Muslims within the Ottoman Empire, which was primarily governed by Islamic law, i.e. Sharia law, cast a shadow on the power and prestige of the central authority. It is unacceptable for the Ottoman Sultan to be unable to control his co-religionists under his rule. Secondly, the judicial cases that may arise after the consumption of alcoholic beverages are a danger for the social peace between Muslim and non-Muslim people. This is because the security of life, honour and property of non-Muslims, who were defined as dhimmis, was under the guarantee of the state. If a Muslim harms a dhimmi, his family and property due to drunkenness, this could have serious consequences for an administrative structure like the Ottoman Empire, which was a multinational state with masses of people belonging to many different faiths. For this reason, a Muslim who received a complaint about the consumption of alcoholic beverages, regardless of the social, economic and intellectual status of the person, was first subjected to a detailed investigation, followed by a trial and the necessary penalties.

 Osmanlı Devleti topraklarında alkollü içecek üretimi ve tüketimi hususu araştırmacılar için sürekli olarak dikkat çekici bir araştırma konusu olmuştur. İslam inancına göre şekillenen devlet organizasyonu bünyesinde barındırdığı farklı etnik ve dini gruplara, mensubu oldukları dinin hükümlerine göre yasalar uygulamıştır. Müslüman ahaliye, alkollü içki üretimi, tüketimi ve satışı konularında var olan yasaklara uyulmaması durumunda, yapılan ciddi ve detaylı tahkikat ve mahkeme sonrasında ciddi yaptırımlar getirilmiş ve cezalar verilmiştir. Bu durumun iki temel sebebi vardır. Öncelikli olarak İslami yani Şerî hukukla yönetilen Osmanlı Devleti bünyesindeki müslümanları alkollü içki tüketmesi sonrasında ortaya çıkabilcek olan adli vakalar ve sosyal huzursuzluk merkezi otoritenin gücü ve saygınlığına gölge düşürmektedir. Osmanlı Sultanının, hakimiyeti altındaki dindaşlarına söz geçirememesi asla kabul edilemez bir durumdur. İkinci olarak da alkollü içki tüketimi sonrasında ortaya çıkabilecek olan adli vakalar müslüman ve gayrimüslim halkı arasındaki sosyal barış için bir tehlikedir. Zira zımmî olarak tanımlanan gayrimüslimlerin can, ırz ve mal güvenliği devletin garantisi altındadır. Bir müslümanın sarhoşluk nedeniyle bir zımmîye, ailesine ve malına zarar vermesi Osmanlı Devleti gibi çok uluslu, çok farklı inançlara mensup kitleleri bünyesinde barındıran bir idari yapı için istenmeyen ciddi sonuçlar doğurabilecek bir durumdur. Bu nedenle hakkında müskirat tüketimi konulu bir şikâyet olan bir müslüman için, bu şahsın sosyal, ekonomik ve entelektüel durumu ne olursa olsun, öncelikli olarak detaylı tahkikat yapılmış, sonrasında da yargılama ile gereken cezalar verilmiştir.

Makale detayları

An Overview of Forensic Cases Caused by Alcoholic Drink Consumption in the Ottoman Empire in the 16th and 17th Centuries with Archival Documents

Yazarlar:

Neşe Coşkun Özturan

Yayıncı:

Hakan YILMAZ

Ana Başlıklar:

Yeniçağ Osmanlı Tarihi

Dergi:

Akademik Tarih ve Düşünce Dergisi Vol.11 Issue 5, pp.3749-3769

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

11/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001327537

pISSN:

2148-2292

Ottoman Empire

Muskirat

Muslim

Investigation

PunishmentOsmanlı Devleti

Müskirat

Müslüman

Tahkikat

Ceza

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Neşe Coşkun Özturan

Yayıncı: Hakan YILMAZ

Ana Başlıklar: Yeniçağ Osmanlı Tarihi

Dergi: Akademik Tarih ve Düşünce Dergisi Vol.11 Issue 5, pp.3749-3769

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 11/2024

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001327537

pISSN: 2148-2292

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Neşe Coşkun Özturan

Yayıncı:

Hakan YILMAZ

Ana Başlıklar:

Yeniçağ Osmanlı Tarihi

Dergi:

Akademik Tarih ve Düşünce Dergisi Vol.11 Issue 5, pp.3749-3769

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

11/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001327537

pISSN:

2148-2292