GIS Based Optimum Crop Pattern Model in Agricultural Water Planning: Cihadiye Kaynarca Pond Irrigation Example

Umut Mucan; Murat Yıldırım; Kemal Sulhi Gündoğdu

Makale detayları

GIS Based Optimum Crop Pattern Model in Agricultural Water Planning: Cihadiye Kaynarca Pond Irrigation Example

Yazarlar:

Umut Mucan | Murat Yıldırım | Kemal Sulhi Gündoğdu

Yayıncı:

Aydin Adnan Menderes University

Ana Başlıklar:

Ziraat Mühendisliği (Diğer)

Dergi:

Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.22 Issue 1, pp.167-175

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001353329

pISSN:

1304-7787

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 This study aims to determine the optimal crop pattern for agricultural enterprises operating in the irrigation area of the Cihadiye Kaynarca Pond located in Biga district, Çanakkale province. The objective is to promote the sustainable use of water resources while enhancing economic efficiency. To this end, the water requirements of commonly cultivated crops in the region were calculated using the FAOs CropWat 8.0 software, and irrigation schedules were developed for each crop. Taking into account the physical characteristics of the irrigation area, crop-specific minimum and maximum cultivation areas, and gross profit per unit area, a linear programming-based optimization model integrated with Geographic Information Systems GIS was developed. In the model, full irrigation S1: 100 water supply was set as the reference scenario. Subsequently, scenarios with 70 S2 and 50 S3 water supply were created to test different management strategies. Under limited water availability, the most suitable production planning was analyzed, and optimal crop patterns were determined using the model. The results show that when the dam operates at full capacity, the gross profit reaches 174 million TL. However, under a 30 reduction in water supply, this amount drops to 111 million TL. Moreover, the cultivation areas of water-intensive crops such as rice and maize were reduced, and crops with lower water requirements were recommended. Compared to the actual crop pattern of 2023, the model enabled the same land area to generate an additional 1 million TL in gross profit and saved 163,000 m³ of water. The model is adaptable for use in other agricultural areas with similar conditions.

 This study aims to determine the optimal crop pattern for agricultural enterprises operating in the irrigation area of the Cihadiye Kaynarca Pond located in Biga district, Çanakkale province. The objective is to promote the sustainable use of water resources while enhancing economic efficiency. To this end, the water requirements of commonly cultivated crops in the region were calculated using the FAOs CropWat 8.0 software, and irrigation schedules were developed for each crop. Taking into account the physical characteristics of the irrigation area, crop-specific minimum and maximum cultivation areas, and gross profit per unit area, a linear programming-based optimization model integrated with Geographic Information Systems GIS was developed. In the model, full irrigation S1: 100 water supply was set as the reference scenario. Subsequently, scenarios with 70 S2 and 50 S3 water supply were created to test different management strategies. Under limited water availability, the most suitable production planning was analyzed, and optimal crop patterns were determined using the model. The results show that when the dam operates at full capacity, the gross profit reaches 174 million TL. However, under a 30 reduction in water supply, this amount drops to 111 million TL. Moreover, the cultivation areas of water-intensive crops such as rice and maize were reduced, and crops with lower water requirements were recommended. Compared to the actual crop pattern of 2023, the model enabled the same land area to generate an additional 1 million TL in gross profit and saved 163,000 m³ of water. The model is adaptable for use in other agricultural areas with similar conditions.

 This study aims to determine the optimal crop pattern for agricultural enterprises operating in the irrigation area of the Cihadiye Kaynarca Pond located in Biga district, Çanakkale province. The objective is to promote the sustainable use of water resources while enhancing economic efficiency. To this end, the water requirements of commonly cultivated crops in the region were calculated using the FAOs CropWat 8.0 software, and irrigation schedules were developed for each crop. Taking into account the physical characteristics of the irrigation area, crop-specific minimum and maximum cultivation areas, and gross profit per unit area, a linear programming-based optimization model integrated with Geographic Information Systems GIS was developed. In the model, full irrigation S1: 100 water supply was set as the reference scenario. Subsequently, scenarios with 70 S2 and 50 S3 water supply were created to test different management strategies. Under limited water availability, the most suitable production planning was analyzed, and optimal crop patterns were determined using the model. The results show that when the dam operates at full capacity, the gross profit reaches 174 million TL. However, under a 30 reduction in water supply, this amount drops to 111 million TL. Moreover, the cultivation areas of water-intensive crops such as rice and maize were reduced, and crops with lower water requirements were recommended. Compared to the actual crop pattern of 2023, the model enabled the same land area to generate an additional 1 million TL in gross profit and saved 163,000 m³ of water. The model is adaptable for use in other agricultural areas with similar conditions.

 Bu çalışma, Çanakkale ili Biga ilçesindeki Cihadiye Kaynarca Göleti sulama sahasında faaliyet gösteren tarımsal işletmeler için optimum bitki desenini belirlemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Amaç, su kaynaklarının sürdürülebilir kullanımını teşvik ederken ekonomik verimliliği artırmaktır. Bu doğrultuda bölgede yaygın olarak yetiştirilen bitkilerin su gereksinimleri FAOnun CropWat 8.0 yazılımıyla hesaplanmış ve her ürün için sulama programları hazırlanmıştır. Sulama sahasının fiziksel özellikleri, ürün bazlı minimum-maksimum ekim alanları ve birim alandan elde edilen brüt kârlar dikkate alınarak, Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri CBS ile entegre edilmiş doğrusal programlama tabanlı bir optimizasyon modeli geliştirilmiştir. Modelde, 100 su teminini içeren tam sulama S1 referans senaryo olarak kabul edilmiş, ardından 70 S2 ve 50 S3 su arzı senaryoları oluşturularak farklı yönetim stratejileri test edilmiştir. Sınırlı su koşullarında en uygun üretim planlaması analiz edilmiş ve model ile optimum bitki desenleri belirlenmiştir. Sonuçlar, baraj kapasitesi 100 iken brüt kârın 174 milyon TL olduğunu, 30 su kısıtıyla bu değerin 111 milyon TLye düştüğünü göstermektedir. Ayrıca, su tüketimi yüksek çeltik ve mısır gibi ürünlerin ekim alanları azaltılmış, daha az su isteyen ürünlere yer verilmiştir. 2023 yılı bitki deseniyle yapılan karşılaştırmada ise aynı alan kullanılarak 1 milyon TL ek kâr ve 163.000 m³ su tasarrufu sağlanmıştır. Model, benzer koşullara sahip alanlarda da uygulanabilir niteliktedir.

Makale detayları

GIS Based Optimum Crop Pattern Model in Agricultural Water Planning: Cihadiye Kaynarca Pond Irrigation Example

Yazarlar:

Umut Mucan | Murat Yıldırım | Kemal Sulhi Gündoğdu

Yayıncı:

Aydin Adnan Menderes University

Ana Başlıklar:

Ziraat Mühendisliği (Diğer)

Dergi:

Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.22 Issue 1, pp.167-175

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001353329

pISSN:

1304-7787

Geographic information systems

agricultural water management

optimum crop pattern

drought

reservoir managementCoğrafi bilgi sistemleri

tarımsal su yönetimi

optimum bitki deseni

kuraklık

baraj yönetimi

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Umut Mucan | Murat Yıldırım | Kemal Sulhi Gündoğdu

Yayıncı: Aydin Adnan Menderes University

Ana Başlıklar: Ziraat Mühendisliği (Diğer)

Dergi: Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.22 Issue 1, pp.167-175

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 6/2025

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001353329

pISSN: 1304-7787

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Umut Mucan | Murat Yıldırım | Kemal Sulhi Gündoğdu

Yayıncı:

Aydin Adnan Menderes University

Ana Başlıklar:

Ziraat Mühendisliği (Diğer)

Dergi:

Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.22 Issue 1, pp.167-175

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001353329

pISSN:

1304-7787