Some Germination and Emergence Characteristics of Cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium L.) Seeds

İslam Emrah Süer; Nihat Tursun

Makale detayları

Some Germination and Emergence Characteristics of Cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium L.) Seeds

Yazarlar:

İslam Emrah Süer | Nihat Tursun

Yayıncı:

Selcuk University

Ana Başlıklar:

Herboloji

Dergi:

Selcuk Journal of Agriculture and Food Sciences Vol.39 Issue 1, pp.149-158

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

3/2025

Belge Dili:

İngilizce

Document ID (Org No.):

2001335409

pISSN:

2458-8377

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 Cocklebur Xanthium strumarium L. is an annual broadleaf weed that causes significant yield losses in many crops and reproduces by seed. This study was conducted in 2020-2022 to contribute to alternative control by determining some biological characteristics of cocklebur seeds. For this purpose, in seed studies, the lower large and upper small seeds in the cocklebur fruit were placed in the incubator at 271 C and the germination rates Gmax and times T50, T90 were determined. Minimum, optimum and maximum germination temperatures of cocklebur seeds collected in 23 provinces Türkiye were determined. For this purpose, the studies were carried out at temperatures of 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40 and 45C. In the studies to determine the optimum emergence depth of cocklebur; 25 cocklebur fruits were planted in pots at soil depths of 2, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 cm. As a result of the studies, it was found that the maximum germination rate of cocklebur was 93.1 for large seeds, while this rate was 21.2 for small seeds. The time for germination of 50 of large and small seeds T50 was 1.2 days and the germination rate was 1.2 days. It was found that the time required for 90 germination T90 was 2.5 days. The highest germination rate of cocklebur in the soil is at a depth of 2-10 cm, and in the studies on seed germination temperatures, although they vary from province to province, the minimum temperature is 5 C and the optimum temperature is 15 C. It has been found that the temperature is 35 C and the maximum temperature is 40 C. These results show that this weed has a large temperature requirement and will spread more in agricultural areas cultivated in different ecologies.

 Cocklebur Xanthium strumarium L. is an annual broadleaf weed that causes significant yield losses in many crops and reproduces by seed. This study was conducted in 2020-2022 to contribute to alternative control by determining some biological characteristics of cocklebur seeds. For this purpose, in seed studies, the lower large and upper small seeds in the cocklebur fruit were placed in the incubator at 271 C and the germination rates Gmax and times T50, T90 were determined. Minimum, optimum and maximum germination temperatures of cocklebur seeds collected in 23 provinces Türkiye were determined. For this purpose, the studies were carried out at temperatures of 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40 and 45C. In the studies to determine the optimum emergence depth of cocklebur; 25 cocklebur fruits were planted in pots at soil depths of 2, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 cm. As a result of the studies, it was found that the maximum germination rate of cocklebur was 93.1 for large seeds, while this rate was 21.2 for small seeds. The time for germination of 50 of large and small seeds T50 was 1.2 days and the germination rate was 1.2 days. It was found that the time required for 90 germination T90 was 2.5 days. The highest germination rate of cocklebur in the soil is at a depth of 2-10 cm, and in the studies on seed germination temperatures, although they vary from province to province, the minimum temperature is 5 C and the optimum temperature is 15 C. It has been found that the temperature is 35 C and the maximum temperature is 40 C. These results show that this weed has a large temperature requirement and will spread more in agricultural areas cultivated in different ecologies.

 Cocklebur Xanthium strumarium L. is an annual broadleaf weed that causes significant yield losses in many crops and reproduces by seed. This study was conducted in 2020-2022 to contribute to alternative control by determining some biological characteristics of cocklebur seeds. For this purpose, in seed studies, the lower large and upper small seeds in the cocklebur fruit were placed in the incubator at 271 C and the germination rates Gmax and times T50, T90 were determined. Minimum, optimum and maximum germination temperatures of cocklebur seeds collected in 23 provinces Türkiye were determined. For this purpose, the studies were carried out at temperatures of 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40 and 45C. In the studies to determine the optimum emergence depth of cocklebur; 25 cocklebur fruits were planted in pots at soil depths of 2, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 cm. As a result of the studies, it was found that the maximum germination rate of cocklebur was 93.1 for large seeds, while this rate was 21.2 for small seeds. The time for germination of 50 of large and small seeds T50 was 1.2 days and the germination rate was 1.2 days. It was found that the time required for 90 germination T90 was 2.5 days. The highest germination rate of cocklebur in the soil is at a depth of 2-10 cm, and in the studies on seed germination temperatures, although they vary from province to province, the minimum temperature is 5 C and the optimum temperature is 15 C. It has been found that the temperature is 35 C and the maximum temperature is 40 C. These results show that this weed has a large temperature requirement and will spread more in agricultural areas cultivated in different ecologies.

 Cocklebur Xanthium strumarium L. is an annual broadleaf weed that causes significant yield losses in many crops and reproduces by seed. This study was conducted in 2020-2022 to contribute to alternative control by determining some biological characteristics of cocklebur seeds. For this purpose, in seed studies, the lower large and upper small seeds in the cocklebur fruit were placed in the incubator at 271 C and the germination rates Gmax and times T50, T90 were determined. Minimum, optimum and maximum germination temperatures of cocklebur seeds collected in 23 provinces Türkiye were determined. For this purpose, the studies were carried out at temperatures of 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40 and 45C. In the studies to determine the optimum emergence depth of cocklebur; 25 cocklebur fruits were planted in pots at soil depths of 2, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 cm. As a result of the studies, it was found that the maximum germination rate of cocklebur was 93.1 for large seeds, while this rate was 21.2 for small seeds. The time for germination of 50 of large and small seeds T50 was 1.2 days and the germination rate was 1.2 days. It was found that the time required for 90 germination T90 was 2.5 days. The highest germination rate of cocklebur in the soil is at a depth of 2-10 cm, and in the studies on seed germination temperatures, although they vary from province to province, the minimum temperature is 5 C and the optimum temperature is 15 C. It has been found that the temperature is 35 C and the maximum temperature is 40 C. These results show that this weed has a large temperature requirement and will spread more in agricultural areas cultivated in different ecologies.

Makale detayları

Some Germination and Emergence Characteristics of Cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium L.) Seeds

Yazarlar:

İslam Emrah Süer | Nihat Tursun

Yayıncı:

Selcuk University

Ana Başlıklar:

Herboloji

Dergi:

Selcuk Journal of Agriculture and Food Sciences Vol.39 Issue 1, pp.149-158

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

3/2025

Belge Dili:

İngilizce

Document ID (Org No.):

2001335409

pISSN:

2458-8377

Xanthium strumarium

germination biology

germination temperature

depth

Sayı

Makale detayları

Some Germination and Emergence Characteristics of Cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium L.) Seeds

Yazarlar: İslam Emrah Süer | Nihat Tursun

Yayıncı: Selcuk University

Ana Başlıklar: Herboloji

Dergi: Selcuk Journal of Agriculture and Food Sciences Vol.39 Issue 1, pp.149-158

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 3/2025

Belge Dili: İngilizce

Document ID (Org No.): 2001335409

pISSN: 2458-8377

Xanthium strumarium

germination biology

germination temperature

depth

Sayı

Yazarlar:

İslam Emrah Süer | Nihat Tursun

Yayıncı:

Selcuk University

Ana Başlıklar:

Herboloji

Dergi:

Selcuk Journal of Agriculture and Food Sciences Vol.39 Issue 1, pp.149-158

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

3/2025

Belge Dili:

İngilizce

Document ID (Org No.):

2001335409

pISSN:

2458-8377