The Global Expansion of US Hegemony: A Neogramscian Analysis

Hasan Fidan

Makale detayları

The Global Expansion of US Hegemony: A Neogramscian Analysis

Yazarlar:

Hasan Fidan

Yayıncı:

Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University

Ana Başlıklar:

Ortadoğu Çalışmaları

Dergi:

Yönetim Bilimleri Dergisi Vol.22 Issue 52, pp.550-575

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

3/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001313537

pISSN:

1304-5318

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 The United States emerged as a superpower dominating global politics after World War II and extended its hegemony across a wide area. The expansion of US hegemony can be attributed not only to coercive instruments like military power but also to Antonio Gramscis concept of consent. The Neogramscian theory of hegemony suggests that the global dominance of the US cannot be solely explained by military power. Instead, it argues that the US established broader hegemony than previous hegemonic powers by various means. These include forming a stricter alliance bloc and simultaneously using coercive and consent-based mechanisms. However, according to the Neogramscian theory, the most decisive factor is the consent of local ruling elites to the hegemonic power. Material resources, institutions, and ideology have been crucial in gaining the consent of local ruling classes to the hegemonic power. The study explicates the process of hegemonic spread by highlighting the strong vested interests and ideological ties between the hegemonic class and local ruling elites. This study seeks to answer how the US became a global hegemonic power. It analyzes the hegemonic spread of the US in Europe, Asia, and the Middle East in terms of the basic concepts of Neogramscian theory focusing on local ruling elites. Additionally, the study does not interpret the international order established by the US after World War II as a unilateral exploitation or dependency relationship. It discusses how the ruling elites of US-allied states have sustained their interests and power with US support. However, it also points out that local political elites or neighboring countries unwilling to be part of the US hegemony have been subjected to US military power. Furthermore, the study explains hegemonic spread as a process where the US grants concessions to incorporate neighboring countries into its hegemony, while these countries adjust their policies to align with the US to become part of the hegemony. The studys timeframe spans from the post-World War II period to the 1970s, covering the institutionalization process of US hegemony. The aim of determining this scope is to explain how the US became a hegemonic power and to analyze the spread of hegemony.

 The United States emerged as a superpower dominating global politics after World War II and extended its hegemony across a wide area. The expansion of US hegemony can be attributed not only to coercive instruments like military power but also to Antonio Gramscis concept of consent. The Neogramscian theory of hegemony suggests that the global dominance of the US cannot be solely explained by military power. Instead, it argues that the US established broader hegemony than previous hegemonic powers by various means. These include forming a stricter alliance bloc and simultaneously using coercive and consent-based mechanisms. However, according to the Neogramscian theory, the most decisive factor is the consent of local ruling elites to the hegemonic power. Material resources, institutions, and ideology have been crucial in gaining the consent of local ruling classes to the hegemonic power. The study explicates the process of hegemonic spread by highlighting the strong vested interests and ideological ties between the hegemonic class and local ruling elites. This study seeks to answer how the US became a global hegemonic power. It analyzes the hegemonic spread of the US in Europe, Asia, and the Middle East in terms of the basic concepts of Neogramscian theory focusing on local ruling elites. Additionally, the study does not interpret the international order established by the US after World War II as a unilateral exploitation or dependency relationship. It discusses how the ruling elites of US-allied states have sustained their interests and power with US support. However, it also points out that local political elites or neighboring countries unwilling to be part of the US hegemony have been subjected to US military power. Furthermore, the study explains hegemonic spread as a process where the US grants concessions to incorporate neighboring countries into its hegemony, while these countries adjust their policies to align with the US to become part of the hegemony. The studys timeframe spans from the post-World War II period to the 1970s, covering the institutionalization process of US hegemony. The aim of determining this scope is to explain how the US became a hegemonic power and to analyze the spread of hegemony.

 The United States emerged as a superpower dominating global politics after World War II and extended its hegemony across a wide area. The expansion of US hegemony can be attributed not only to coercive instruments like military power but also to Antonio Gramscis concept of consent. The Neogramscian theory of hegemony suggests that the global dominance of the US cannot be solely explained by military power. Instead, it argues that the US established broader hegemony than previous hegemonic powers by various means. These include forming a stricter alliance bloc and simultaneously using coercive and consent-based mechanisms. However, according to the Neogramscian theory, the most decisive factor is the consent of local ruling elites to the hegemonic power. Material resources, institutions, and ideology have been crucial in gaining the consent of local ruling classes to the hegemonic power. The study explicates the process of hegemonic spread by highlighting the strong vested interests and ideological ties between the hegemonic class and local ruling elites. This study seeks to answer how the US became a global hegemonic power. It analyzes the hegemonic spread of the US in Europe, Asia, and the Middle East in terms of the basic concepts of Neogramscian theory focusing on local ruling elites. Additionally, the study does not interpret the international order established by the US after World War II as a unilateral exploitation or dependency relationship. It discusses how the ruling elites of US-allied states have sustained their interests and power with US support. However, it also points out that local political elites or neighboring countries unwilling to be part of the US hegemony have been subjected to US military power. Furthermore, the study explains hegemonic spread as a process where the US grants concessions to incorporate neighboring countries into its hegemony, while these countries adjust their policies to align with the US to become part of the hegemony. The studys timeframe spans from the post-World War II period to the 1970s, covering the institutionalization process of US hegemony. The aim of determining this scope is to explain how the US became a hegemonic power and to analyze the spread of hegemony.

 ABD, İkinci Dünya Savaşı sonrası süper güç olarak dünya politikasına hâkim olmuş ve geniş bir alanda hegemonyasını yaymıştır. ABDnin geniş bir alanda hegemonyasını yayması, askeri güç gibi baskı aygıtlarının belirleyiciliğinden ziyade Antonio Gramscinin rıza consent kavramına dayandırılabilir. Neogramşiyan hegemonya kuramı ABDnin küresel düzeyde hegemon bir güç haline gelmesini yalnızca askeri güç gibi zor aygıtları ile açıklanamayacağını ileri sürmektedir. ABDnin kendisinden önce hegemon güç haline gelmiş olan devletlerden daha geniş bir alanda hegemonya kurması bazı unsurlara bağlı olarak gerçekleşmiştir. Bunlar, daha katı bir ittifak bloğu oluşturması ve askeri güç gibi baskı aygıtlarıyla rıza aygıtlarını eş zamanlı olarak kullanmasıdır. Fakat Neogramşiyan kurama göre en belirleyici unsur, yerel iktidar elitlerinin hegemon gücün egemenliğine rıza göstermeleridir. Yerel egemen sınıfların hegemon güce rıza göstermelerinde maddi kaynaklar, kurumlar ve ideoloji belirleyici olmuştur. Çalışmada merkezde yer alan hegemon sınıf ile yerel iktidar elitleri arasındaki güçlü çıkar ilişkileri ve ideolojik bağlar ortaya koyularak, hegemonik yayılım süreci açıklanmaktadır. Bu çalışma ile ABDnin küresel düzeyde nasıl hegemon bir güç haline geldiği sorusuna cevap aranmıştır. Çalışma ABDnin Avrupa, Asya ve Ortadoğudaki hegemonik yayılımını yerel iktidar elitleri bağlamında Neogramşiyan kuramın temel kavramları açısından analiz etmektedir. Ayrıca ABD tarafından II. Dünya Savaşı sonrası kurulan uluslararası düzen tek taraflı bir sömürü ya da bağımlılık ilişkisi olarak yorumlanmamıştır. Çalışmada ABD müttefiki olan devletlerin iktidar elitlerinin ABD desteği ile çıkarlarını ve iktidarlarını sürdürdüklerine değinilmiştir. Bununla beraber ABD hegemonyasına dahil olmak istemeyen yerel siyasi elitler ya da çevre ülkelerin ABD askeri gücüne maruz kaldıkları ortaya koyulmuştur. Ayrıca hegemonik yayılım; ABDnin çevre ülkeleri hegemonyasına dahil etmek için tavizler vermesi; çevre ülkelerin ise hegemonyaya dahil olmak için politikalarını ABDye yaklaştırması bağlamında açıklanmıştır. Çalışmanın zaman aralığı II. Dünya Savaşından sonra ABD hegemonyasının kurumsallaşma sürecini kapsayan 1970li yıllara kadar olan dönemdir. Bu kapsamın belirlenmesindeki amaç, ABDnin hegemon güç haline gelmesi ve hegemonik yayılımının açıklanmasıdır.

Makale detayları

The Global Expansion of US Hegemony: A Neogramscian Analysis

Yazarlar:

Hasan Fidan

Yayıncı:

Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University

Ana Başlıklar:

Ortadoğu Çalışmaları

Dergi:

Yönetim Bilimleri Dergisi Vol.22 Issue 52, pp.550-575

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

3/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001313537

pISSN:

1304-5318

The United States

Hegemony

Neogramscian Theory

Historical Bloc

Local Power ElitesABD

HEGEMONYA

NEOGRAMŞİYAN KURAM

TARİHSEL BLOK

YEREL İKTİDAR ELİTLERİ

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Hasan Fidan

Yayıncı: Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University

Ana Başlıklar: Ortadoğu Çalışmaları

Dergi: Yönetim Bilimleri Dergisi Vol.22 Issue 52, pp.550-575

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 3/2024

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001313537

pISSN: 1304-5318

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Hasan Fidan

Yayıncı:

Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University

Ana Başlıklar:

Ortadoğu Çalışmaları

Dergi:

Yönetim Bilimleri Dergisi Vol.22 Issue 52, pp.550-575

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

3/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001313537

pISSN:

1304-5318