Modernization Efforts of Prussia and the Ottoman Empire in Army and Military Education and the impact of Prussia on Ottoman Military Education

Özge Kurşun Tükenmez

Makale detayları

Modernization Efforts of Prussia and the Ottoman Empire in Army and Military Education and the impact of Prussia on Ottoman Military Education

Yazarlar:

Özge Kurşun Tükenmez

Yayıncı:

Selcuk University

Ana Başlıklar:

Osmanlı Tarihi

Dergi:

Selçuk Üniversitesi Türkiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi Issue 60, pp.97-132

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2023

Belge Dili:

İngilizce

Document ID (Org No.):

2001305336

pISSN:

1300-5766

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 In this study, the modernization studies conducted by the Ottoman Empire and Prussia in their armies and in their military trainings are discussed. The Military Schools established by both Ottoman Empire and Prussia for military education were examined separately and the effects of Prussian officers on Ottoman military education system was stated. In the related literature, it is mostly stated that the Ottoman military education was tried to be modernized by taking example of the western states, the establishment process of Military Academy in Ottoman Empire by Sultan Mahmud II as a model of Royal Military School Ecole Royale Militaire in France and increment of the effects of Prussia on Ottoman military system in line with the developing political relations between these Empires. However, the related studies about the military education of the western states where the Ottoman military education reforms are taken as an example, and the military education of Prussia who has a significant role in Ottoman military education are limited in number. For this reason, the military education reforms carried out by the Ottoman Empire and Prussia, which is an important example of the reforms in Ottoman military education, were examined in this study. In this context, it is defined that why these reforms wanted to be realized, which deficiencies were tried to be eliminated, what kind of role the officers played in these reforms and which institutions they established. Therefore, the military modernization policies of both Prussia and the Ottoman Empire, their military education, the curricula taught in military schools, the position of Prussian influence in Ottoman military education and its effects, were indicated by examining the Ottoman archive documents and related research studies.

 In this study, the modernization studies conducted by the Ottoman Empire and Prussia in their armies and in their military trainings are discussed. The Military Schools established by both Ottoman Empire and Prussia for military education were examined separately and the effects of Prussian officers on Ottoman military education system was stated. In the related literature, it is mostly stated that the Ottoman military education was tried to be modernized by taking example of the western states, the establishment process of Military Academy in Ottoman Empire by Sultan Mahmud II as a model of Royal Military School Ecole Royale Militaire in France and increment of the effects of Prussia on Ottoman military system in line with the developing political relations between these Empires. However, the related studies about the military education of the western states where the Ottoman military education reforms are taken as an example, and the military education of Prussia who has a significant role in Ottoman military education are limited in number. For this reason, the military education reforms carried out by the Ottoman Empire and Prussia, which is an important example of the reforms in Ottoman military education, were examined in this study. In this context, it is defined that why these reforms wanted to be realized, which deficiencies were tried to be eliminated, what kind of role the officers played in these reforms and which institutions they established. Therefore, the military modernization policies of both Prussia and the Ottoman Empire, their military education, the curricula taught in military schools, the position of Prussian influence in Ottoman military education and its effects, were indicated by examining the Ottoman archive documents and related research studies.

 In this study, the modernization studies conducted by the Ottoman Empire and Prussia in their armies and in their military trainings are discussed. The Military Schools established by both Ottoman Empire and Prussia for military education were examined separately and the effects of Prussian officers on Ottoman military education system was stated. In the related literature, it is mostly stated that the Ottoman military education was tried to be modernized by taking example of the western states, the establishment process of Military Academy in Ottoman Empire by Sultan Mahmud II as a model of Royal Military School Ecole Royale Militaire in France and increment of the effects of Prussia on Ottoman military system in line with the developing political relations between these Empires. However, the related studies about the military education of the western states where the Ottoman military education reforms are taken as an example, and the military education of Prussia who has a significant role in Ottoman military education are limited in number. For this reason, the military education reforms carried out by the Ottoman Empire and Prussia, which is an important example of the reforms in Ottoman military education, were examined in this study. In this context, it is defined that why these reforms wanted to be realized, which deficiencies were tried to be eliminated, what kind of role the officers played in these reforms and which institutions they established. Therefore, the military modernization policies of both Prussia and the Ottoman Empire, their military education, the curricula taught in military schools, the position of Prussian influence in Ottoman military education and its effects, were indicated by examining the Ottoman archive documents and related research studies.

 Bu çalışmada, Osmanlı Devletinin ve Prusyanın ordularında ve askeri eğitimlerinde gerçekleştirdiği modernleşme çalışmaları ele alınmıştır. Hem Osmanlı Devletinin hem Prusyanın askeri eğitim için kurdukları Harp Okulları ayrı ayrı incelenmiş olup Prusyalı subayların Osmanlı askeri eğitimine etkisi belirtilmiştir. Literatürde Osmanlı askeri eğitimin batılı devletler örnek alınarak modernleştirilmeye çalışıldığı, II. Mahmut tarafından kurulan Harbiye Mektebinin Fransadaki Kraliyet Askeri Okulu Ecole Royale Militaire örnek alınarak kurulduğu, daha sonra gelişen siyasi ilişkiler doğrultusunda Prusyanın Osmanlı askeri sistemi içerisinde daha etkili olduğu yer almaktadır. Ancak Osmanlı askeri eğitim reformlarının örnek alındığı batılı devletlerdeki sistemin ve Osmanlı askeri eğitiminde giderek önemi artan Prusyanın askeri eğitiminin nasıl olduğuna dair çalışmalar sınırlı kalmıştır. Bu çalışmada Osmanlının ve Osmanlı askeri eğitiminde yapılan reformlara örnek olan Prusyanın, kendi içinde gerçekleştirdiği askeri eğitim reformları incelenmiştir. Bu reformların hangi olaylar sonucunda gerçekleştirme ihtiyacının ortaya çıktığı, hangi eksikliklerin giderilmeye çalışıldığı, subayların reformlarda nasıl bir rolünün olduğu ve bu bağlamda hangi kurumları kurdukları, Osmanlı askeri eğitiminde Prusyanın Fransanın yerini hangi olaylar sonucunda aldığı belirtilmiştir. Bu bağlamda hem Prusyanın hem Osmanlı Devletinin askeri modernleşme politikaları, askeri eğitimleri, askeri okullarda okutulan ders programları ile Prusya nüfuzunun Osmanlı askeri eğitimindeki yeri ve ne derece etkili olduğu Osmanlı arşiv belgeleri ve araştırma eserler incelenerek ele alınmıştır.

Makale detayları

Modernization Efforts of Prussia and the Ottoman Empire in Army and Military Education and the impact of Prussia on Ottoman Military Education

Yazarlar:

Özge Kurşun Tükenmez

Yayıncı:

Selcuk University

Ana Başlıklar:

Osmanlı Tarihi

Dergi:

Selçuk Üniversitesi Türkiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi Issue 60, pp.97-132

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2023

Belge Dili:

İngilizce

Document ID (Org No.):

2001305336

pISSN:

1300-5766

Army

Education

Modernization

Ottoman Empire

Prussia.Eğitim

Modernleşme

Ordu

Osmanlı Devleti

Prusya.

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Özge Kurşun Tükenmez

Yayıncı: Selcuk University

Ana Başlıklar: Osmanlı Tarihi

Dergi: Selçuk Üniversitesi Türkiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi Issue 60, pp.97-132

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 12/2023

Belge Dili: İngilizce

Document ID (Org No.): 2001305336

pISSN: 1300-5766

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Özge Kurşun Tükenmez

Yayıncı:

Selcuk University

Ana Başlıklar:

Osmanlı Tarihi

Dergi:

Selçuk Üniversitesi Türkiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi Issue 60, pp.97-132

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2023

Belge Dili:

İngilizce

Document ID (Org No.):

2001305336

pISSN:

1300-5766