Feminism and Women’s Societies in The Modernization Process of The Ottoman Period

Kemaleddin Taş; Betül Mutlu

Makale detayları

Feminism and Women’s Societies in The Modernization Process of The Ottoman Period

Yazarlar:

Kemaleddin Taş | Betül Mutlu

Yayıncı:

Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University

Ana Başlıklar:

Cinsiyet Sosyolojisi

Dergi:

Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi Uygulamalı Bilimler Dergisi Vol.9 Issue 2, pp.92-112

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

9/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001359971

pISSN:

2602-425X

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 Feminism, continues to exist as an area of discussion in a wide range of historical processes dating from its emergence in the West to the present day. After the French Revolution, women in the West made attempts to obtain their social, cultural and political rights. In the West, womens rights to education, to acquire property, to inherit, and to vote have been prominent aspirations. The developments in accordance with these demands were realized by showing differences within historical processes called Waves. In this context, there have been visible, concrete developments in the face of the mans absolute dominance. Based on these developments, the gains of womens organizations, which were founded on feminist theories with an ideological axis, have started to become universal. The developments in the West within the framework of the womens problem were reflected in the Ottoman Empire in a different way. Starting from 19th century the Ottomans began to closely follow the developments related to feminism in the West. With the modernization process that began with Tanzimat in the Ottoman Empire, womens problems were brought to the agenda through media and literature. The Second Constitutional Era, which emerged with the discourses of equality and freedom for all, was the period when feminism became known and debated in the Ottoman Empire. During this period, many magazines and newspapers were published by women themselves, and they also played an active role in the societies established to support womens education, socialization and participation in the working life. Even the fact that women are starting to be visible in public is a product of the efforts that have been made. These achievements have provided the basis for discussion of the problems women experience in the light of the theme of feminism and the developments in feminism. In this context, the main axis of the article consists of the feminism debates that emerged in the social, cultural and political fields during the Ottoman modernization process and the womens movements of the Ottoman Period.

 Feminism, continues to exist as an area of discussion in a wide range of historical processes dating from its emergence in the West to the present day. After the French Revolution, women in the West made attempts to obtain their social, cultural and political rights. In the West, womens rights to education, to acquire property, to inherit, and to vote have been prominent aspirations. The developments in accordance with these demands were realized by showing differences within historical processes called Waves. In this context, there have been visible, concrete developments in the face of the mans absolute dominance. Based on these developments, the gains of womens organizations, which were founded on feminist theories with an ideological axis, have started to become universal. The developments in the West within the framework of the womens problem were reflected in the Ottoman Empire in a different way. Starting from 19th century the Ottomans began to closely follow the developments related to feminism in the West. With the modernization process that began with Tanzimat in the Ottoman Empire, womens problems were brought to the agenda through media and literature. The Second Constitutional Era, which emerged with the discourses of equality and freedom for all, was the period when feminism became known and debated in the Ottoman Empire. During this period, many magazines and newspapers were published by women themselves, and they also played an active role in the societies established to support womens education, socialization and participation in the working life. Even the fact that women are starting to be visible in public is a product of the efforts that have been made. These achievements have provided the basis for discussion of the problems women experience in the light of the theme of feminism and the developments in feminism. In this context, the main axis of the article consists of the feminism debates that emerged in the social, cultural and political fields during the Ottoman modernization process and the womens movements of the Ottoman Period.

 Feminism, continues to exist as an area of discussion in a wide range of historical processes dating from its emergence in the West to the present day. After the French Revolution, women in the West made attempts to obtain their social, cultural and political rights. In the West, womens rights to education, to acquire property, to inherit, and to vote have been prominent aspirations. The developments in accordance with these demands were realized by showing differences within historical processes called Waves. In this context, there have been visible, concrete developments in the face of the mans absolute dominance. Based on these developments, the gains of womens organizations, which were founded on feminist theories with an ideological axis, have started to become universal. The developments in the West within the framework of the womens problem were reflected in the Ottoman Empire in a different way. Starting from 19th century the Ottomans began to closely follow the developments related to feminism in the West. With the modernization process that began with Tanzimat in the Ottoman Empire, womens problems were brought to the agenda through media and literature. The Second Constitutional Era, which emerged with the discourses of equality and freedom for all, was the period when feminism became known and debated in the Ottoman Empire. During this period, many magazines and newspapers were published by women themselves, and they also played an active role in the societies established to support womens education, socialization and participation in the working life. Even the fact that women are starting to be visible in public is a product of the efforts that have been made. These achievements have provided the basis for discussion of the problems women experience in the light of the theme of feminism and the developments in feminism. In this context, the main axis of the article consists of the feminism debates that emerged in the social, cultural and political fields during the Ottoman modernization process and the womens movements of the Ottoman Period.

 Feminizm, Batıda ortaya çıkışından günümüze uzanan tarihsel süreçte çeşitli yansımalarıyla geniş bir yelpazede yer alan bir tartışma alanı olarak varlığını devam ettirmektedir. Fransız İhtilalinden sonra Batıda kadınlar, sosyal, kültürel ve siyasal haklarını elde etmek üzere girişimlerde bulunmuştur. Batıda kadının eğitim hakkı, mülk edinmesi, miras hakkı ve oy kullanma hakkını elde etme isteği ön plana çıkan istekler olmuştur. Bu istekler, tarihsel süreçler içinde farklılıklar göstererek gerçekleşmiştir. Bu bağlamda erkeğin mutlak egemenliği karşısında gözle görülür, somut gelişmeler yaşanmıştır. Bu gelişmeler temelinde ideoloji eksenli feminist teoriler üzerine kurulan kadın örgütlerinin kazanımları, evrensel olmaya başlamıştır. Kadın sorunsalı çerçevesinde Batıda yaşanan bu gelişmeler, süreç içerisinde daha değişik biçimlerde Osmanlıya da yansımıştır. 19. yüzyıldan itibaren Batıdaki feminizm ile ilgili gelişmeleri yakından takip etmeye başlayan Osmanlıda modernleşme süreci ile kadınların yaşadıkları sorunlar basın, yayın ve edebiyat aracılığıyla gündeme gelmiştir. Herkes için eşitlik ve hürriyet söylemleriyle ortaya çıkan II. Meşrutiyet Dönemi, feminizmin Osmanlıda bilinmeye başlandığı ve tartışıldığı zaman dilimidir. Bu dönemde çok sayıda dergi ve gazete bizzat kadınlar tarafından çıkarılmış, aynı zamanda kadınların eğitimi, sosyalleşmesi ve çalışma hayatına katılması için destek olmak mahiyetiyle kurulan kadın cemiyetleri de aktif rol üstlenmişlerdir. Kadınların kamusal alanda görünür olmaya başlaması, gösterilen bu çabaların bir ürünüdür. Bu kazanımlar, kadınların yaşadığı sorunların feminizm teması ve feminizm konusundaki gelişmeler ışığında ele alınmasına zemin hazırlamıştır. Bu bağlamda makalenin ana eksenini, Osmanlı modernleşme sürecinde sosyal, kültürel ve siyasal alanda ortaya çıkan feminizm tartışmaları ve Osmanlı Dönemi kadın hareketleri oluşturmaktadır.

Makale detayları

Feminism and Women’s Societies in The Modernization Process of The Ottoman Period

Yazarlar:

Kemaleddin Taş | Betül Mutlu

Yayıncı:

Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University

Ana Başlıklar:

Cinsiyet Sosyolojisi

Dergi:

Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi Uygulamalı Bilimler Dergisi Vol.9 Issue 2, pp.92-112

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

9/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001359971

pISSN:

2602-425X

Feminism

Ottoman

Tanzimat

Constitutional Monarchy

Women’s CommunityFeminizm

Osmanlı

Tanzimat

Meşrutiyet

Kadın Cemiyetleri

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Kemaleddin Taş | Betül Mutlu

Yayıncı: Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University

Ana Başlıklar: Cinsiyet Sosyolojisi

Dergi: Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi Uygulamalı Bilimler Dergisi Vol.9 Issue 2, pp.92-112

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 9/2025

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001359971

pISSN: 2602-425X

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Kemaleddin Taş | Betül Mutlu

Yayıncı:

Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University

Ana Başlıklar:

Cinsiyet Sosyolojisi

Dergi:

Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi Uygulamalı Bilimler Dergisi Vol.9 Issue 2, pp.92-112

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

9/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001359971

pISSN:

2602-425X