Investigation of Urban Heat Island on Climate Parameters and Remote Sensing: The Case of Istanbul City

Pervin Aksak; Şeyda Kartum Öztürk; Ömer Ünsal

Makale detayları

Investigation of Urban Heat Island on Climate Parameters and Remote Sensing: The Case of Istanbul City

Yazarlar:

Pervin Aksak | Şeyda Kartum Öztürk | Ömer Ünsal

Yayıncı:

Ege University

Ana Başlıklar:

Beşeri Coğrafya

Dergi:

Ege Coğrafya Dergisi Vol.32 Issue 1, pp.151-171

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001295209

pISSN:

2636-8056

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 Anthropogenic factors that are effective in the change of cities have negatively affected the urban climate. Urban heat islands UHI are formed with the increase in the temperature difference between rural and urban areas. The aim of this study is to establish the connection between urbanization and UHI. Accordingly, three regions Istanbul Bolge, Sarıyer, Şile from Istanbul, which is one of the places where urbanization is most intense in Turkey, were selected as samples. Meteorological data obtained from the General Directorate of Meteorology MGM for the selected regions from 1950 to 2021, as well as Landsat TM 5 satellite images from 1990 to 2009 and Landsat 8 satellite images from 2021, constituted the main data sets of the study. Five parameters including mean-maximum-minimum temperatures, total precipitation, and average wind speed were analyzed for the Istanbul Bolge, Sarıyer, and Şile meteorological stations. Mann-Kendall method was applied as time series analysis. An increasing trend was observed in all long-term temperature parameters of the three selected stations, starting from the first half of the 1980s. There was a decreasing trend in precipitation at Istanbul Bolge station and an increasing trend at Sarıyer and Şile stations. . A decreasing trend was observed in the wind speeds of the stations. In the years 1990-2009-2021, there was a general increase in the land surface temperature LST values. Especially in Istanbul Bolge, where urbanization is the most intense, the average LST of the study area is 25.5C in 1990, 28.8C in 2009 and 32.8C in 2021. Sarıyer study area has an average of 23.4C in 1990, 26.2C in 2009 and 29.3C in 2021. Şile study area has an average LST of 22.7C in 1990, 23.8C in 2009 and 26.3C in 2021. As a result of the study, the connection between urbanization and UHI was revealed.

 Anthropogenic factors that are effective in the change of cities have negatively affected the urban climate. Urban heat islands UHI are formed with the increase in the temperature difference between rural and urban areas. The aim of this study is to establish the connection between urbanization and UHI. Accordingly, three regions Istanbul Bolge, Sarıyer, Şile from Istanbul, which is one of the places where urbanization is most intense in Turkey, were selected as samples. Meteorological data obtained from the General Directorate of Meteorology MGM for the selected regions from 1950 to 2021, as well as Landsat TM 5 satellite images from 1990 to 2009 and Landsat 8 satellite images from 2021, constituted the main data sets of the study. Five parameters including mean-maximum-minimum temperatures, total precipitation, and average wind speed were analyzed for the Istanbul Bolge, Sarıyer, and Şile meteorological stations. Mann-Kendall method was applied as time series analysis. An increasing trend was observed in all long-term temperature parameters of the three selected stations, starting from the first half of the 1980s. There was a decreasing trend in precipitation at Istanbul Bolge station and an increasing trend at Sarıyer and Şile stations. . A decreasing trend was observed in the wind speeds of the stations. In the years 1990-2009-2021, there was a general increase in the land surface temperature LST values. Especially in Istanbul Bolge, where urbanization is the most intense, the average LST of the study area is 25.5C in 1990, 28.8C in 2009 and 32.8C in 2021. Sarıyer study area has an average of 23.4C in 1990, 26.2C in 2009 and 29.3C in 2021. Şile study area has an average LST of 22.7C in 1990, 23.8C in 2009 and 26.3C in 2021. As a result of the study, the connection between urbanization and UHI was revealed.

 Anthropogenic factors that are effective in the change of cities have negatively affected the urban climate. Urban heat islands UHI are formed with the increase in the temperature difference between rural and urban areas. The aim of this study is to establish the connection between urbanization and UHI. Accordingly, three regions Istanbul Bolge, Sarıyer, Şile from Istanbul, which is one of the places where urbanization is most intense in Turkey, were selected as samples. Meteorological data obtained from the General Directorate of Meteorology MGM for the selected regions from 1950 to 2021, as well as Landsat TM 5 satellite images from 1990 to 2009 and Landsat 8 satellite images from 2021, constituted the main data sets of the study. Five parameters including mean-maximum-minimum temperatures, total precipitation, and average wind speed were analyzed for the Istanbul Bolge, Sarıyer, and Şile meteorological stations. Mann-Kendall method was applied as time series analysis. An increasing trend was observed in all long-term temperature parameters of the three selected stations, starting from the first half of the 1980s. There was a decreasing trend in precipitation at Istanbul Bolge station and an increasing trend at Sarıyer and Şile stations. . A decreasing trend was observed in the wind speeds of the stations. In the years 1990-2009-2021, there was a general increase in the land surface temperature LST values. Especially in Istanbul Bolge, where urbanization is the most intense, the average LST of the study area is 25.5C in 1990, 28.8C in 2009 and 32.8C in 2021. Sarıyer study area has an average of 23.4C in 1990, 26.2C in 2009 and 29.3C in 2021. Şile study area has an average LST of 22.7C in 1990, 23.8C in 2009 and 26.3C in 2021. As a result of the study, the connection between urbanization and UHI was revealed.

 Kentlerin değişiminde etkili olan antropojenik faktörler, kent iklimini olumsuz etkilemiştir. Kır ile kent arasındaki sıcaklık farkının artışıyla kentsel ısı adaları KIA oluşmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı kentleşme ile KIA arasındaki bağlantıyı ortaya koyabilmektir. Buna göre Türkiyede kentleşmenin en yoğun yaşandığı yerlerden olan İstanbuldan üç bölge İstanbul Bölge, Sarıyer, Şile örneklem olarak seçilmiştir. Seçilen bölgelerin Meteoroloji Genel Müdürlüğünden MGM alınan meteorolojik verileri 1950-2021 ile 1990-2009 yılı Landsat TM 5 ve 2021 yılı Landsat 8 uydu görüntüleri, çalışmanın temel veri setlerini oluşturmuştur. İstanbul Bölge, Sarıyer ve Şile meteoroloji istasyonlarının ortalama-maksimum-minimum sıcaklık, toplam yağış, ortalama rüzgâr hızı olmak üzere 5 parametre incelenmiştir. Zaman serisi analizi olarak Mann-Kendall yöntemi uygulanmıştır. Seçilen üç istasyonun uzun yıllık tüm sıcaklık parametrelerinde 1980li yılların ilk yarısında artış eğilimi görülmüştür. İstanbul Bölge istasyonunda yağışlarda azalma, Sarıyer ve Şile istasyonlarında ise artış eğilimi gözlemlenmiştir. İstasyonların rüzgâr hızlarında azalma eğilimi görülmüştür. 1990-2009-2021 yıllarında yer yüzeyi sıcaklığı YYS değerlerinde genel olarak artış görülmüştür. Özellikle kentleşmenin en yoğun görüldüğü İstanbul Bölge istasyonu inceleme alanının 1990 YYS ortalaması, 25,5C, 2009da 28,8C, 2021de 32,8Cdir. Sarıyer inceleme alanı 1990 YYS ortalaması 23,4C, 2009da 26,2C, 2021de 29,3Cdir. Şile inceleme alanı 1990 YYS ortalaması 22,7C, 2009da 23,8C, 2021de 26,3Cdir. Çalışma sonucunda kentleşme ile KIA arasındaki bağlantı ortaya konulmuştur.

Makale detayları

Investigation of Urban Heat Island on Climate Parameters and Remote Sensing: The Case of Istanbul City

Yazarlar:

Pervin Aksak | Şeyda Kartum Öztürk | Ömer Ünsal

Yayıncı:

Ege University

Ana Başlıklar:

Beşeri Coğrafya

Dergi:

Ege Coğrafya Dergisi Vol.32 Issue 1, pp.151-171

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001295209

pISSN:

2636-8056

Urbanization

meteorological parameters

remote sensing

urban heat island

Istanbul.Kentleşme

meteorolojik parametreler

uzaktan algılama

kentsel ısı adası

İstanbul.

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Pervin Aksak | Şeyda Kartum Öztürk | Ömer Ünsal

Yayıncı: Ege University

Ana Başlıklar: Beşeri Coğrafya

Dergi: Ege Coğrafya Dergisi Vol.32 Issue 1, pp.151-171

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 6/2023

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001295209

pISSN: 2636-8056

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Pervin Aksak | Şeyda Kartum Öztürk | Ömer Ünsal

Yayıncı:

Ege University

Ana Başlıklar:

Beşeri Coğrafya

Dergi:

Ege Coğrafya Dergisi Vol.32 Issue 1, pp.151-171

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001295209

pISSN:

2636-8056