Religion in the Intellectual World of Ziya Gökalp

Şevket Topal

Makale detayları

Religion in the Intellectual World of Ziya Gökalp

Yazarlar:

Şevket Topal

Yayıncı:

Van Yuzuncu Yıl University

Ana Başlıklar:

İslam Araştırmaları (Diğer)

Dergi:

Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi Issue Ölümünün 100. Yıl Dönümünde Ziya Gökalp'ı Yeniden Anlamak, pp.69-76

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001311246

pISSN:

1302-6879

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 This article seeks to examine the role of religion in Ziya Gökalps intellectual world. The main goal of the article is to comprehend the extent to which Gökalp, an eminent figure among the late Ottoman intellectuals and the early Republic of Türkiyes thinkers and politicians, was influential both in his personal worldview and in the state system to which he contributed intellectually. The findings of this study reveal that Ziya Gökalp is a highly influential figure through his writings and his impact on political and scholarly circles. One of his most significant contributions would be his role in bridging tradition and future in the religious sphere. Throughout his life, despite variations in manifestation, religion remained a constant element. Even though he could not maintain the same level of religious fervor in his later years as he did in his youth, he never dismissed religion and argued that society could not be devoid of it. In his conception of religion, practice and enthusiasm must coexist that can be achieved through a complete understanding of religion in ones native language. Even in the final phase of his life, when he advocated for the orientation of the state and society towards Western civilization and secularism, he still assigned a certain role to religion and never adopted a hostile or discriminatory attitude towards it. Despite not distancing himself from religion on an intellectual and social level, he endeavored to provide religious legitimacy to modern institutions by attributing new meanings to the traditional Islamic legal concepts, namely Islamic jurisprudence, husn-qubh, custom and consensus. He specifically penned Social Jurisprudence İçtimai Usuli Fıkhı for this purpose. Hence, accurately determining the position of religion in Gökalps thought and social vision would also help understand the place of religion in the founding philosophy of the Republic of Türkiye and the notion that a society without religion has never been envisioned. However, considering Gökalp, who was active both within the Committee of Union and Progress and during the founding period of the Republic of Turkey as a thinker and politician, as the sole determinant of religious and social policies would be mistaken. It would also be erroneous to regard him merely as an ineffectual figure who only wrote on an intellectual level.

 This article seeks to examine the role of religion in Ziya Gökalps intellectual world. The main goal of the article is to comprehend the extent to which Gökalp, an eminent figure among the late Ottoman intellectuals and the early Republic of Türkiyes thinkers and politicians, was influential both in his personal worldview and in the state system to which he contributed intellectually. The findings of this study reveal that Ziya Gökalp is a highly influential figure through his writings and his impact on political and scholarly circles. One of his most significant contributions would be his role in bridging tradition and future in the religious sphere. Throughout his life, despite variations in manifestation, religion remained a constant element. Even though he could not maintain the same level of religious fervor in his later years as he did in his youth, he never dismissed religion and argued that society could not be devoid of it. In his conception of religion, practice and enthusiasm must coexist that can be achieved through a complete understanding of religion in ones native language. Even in the final phase of his life, when he advocated for the orientation of the state and society towards Western civilization and secularism, he still assigned a certain role to religion and never adopted a hostile or discriminatory attitude towards it. Despite not distancing himself from religion on an intellectual and social level, he endeavored to provide religious legitimacy to modern institutions by attributing new meanings to the traditional Islamic legal concepts, namely Islamic jurisprudence, husn-qubh, custom and consensus. He specifically penned Social Jurisprudence İçtimai Usuli Fıkhı for this purpose. Hence, accurately determining the position of religion in Gökalps thought and social vision would also help understand the place of religion in the founding philosophy of the Republic of Türkiye and the notion that a society without religion has never been envisioned. However, considering Gökalp, who was active both within the Committee of Union and Progress and during the founding period of the Republic of Turkey as a thinker and politician, as the sole determinant of religious and social policies would be mistaken. It would also be erroneous to regard him merely as an ineffectual figure who only wrote on an intellectual level.

 This article seeks to examine the role of religion in Ziya Gökalps intellectual world. The main goal of the article is to comprehend the extent to which Gökalp, an eminent figure among the late Ottoman intellectuals and the early Republic of Türkiyes thinkers and politicians, was influential both in his personal worldview and in the state system to which he contributed intellectually. The findings of this study reveal that Ziya Gökalp is a highly influential figure through his writings and his impact on political and scholarly circles. One of his most significant contributions would be his role in bridging tradition and future in the religious sphere. Throughout his life, despite variations in manifestation, religion remained a constant element. Even though he could not maintain the same level of religious fervor in his later years as he did in his youth, he never dismissed religion and argued that society could not be devoid of it. In his conception of religion, practice and enthusiasm must coexist that can be achieved through a complete understanding of religion in ones native language. Even in the final phase of his life, when he advocated for the orientation of the state and society towards Western civilization and secularism, he still assigned a certain role to religion and never adopted a hostile or discriminatory attitude towards it. Despite not distancing himself from religion on an intellectual and social level, he endeavored to provide religious legitimacy to modern institutions by attributing new meanings to the traditional Islamic legal concepts, namely Islamic jurisprudence, husn-qubh, custom and consensus. He specifically penned Social Jurisprudence İçtimai Usuli Fıkhı for this purpose. Hence, accurately determining the position of religion in Gökalps thought and social vision would also help understand the place of religion in the founding philosophy of the Republic of Türkiye and the notion that a society without religion has never been envisioned. However, considering Gökalp, who was active both within the Committee of Union and Progress and during the founding period of the Republic of Turkey as a thinker and politician, as the sole determinant of religious and social policies would be mistaken. It would also be erroneous to regard him merely as an ineffectual figure who only wrote on an intellectual level.

 Bu makalede Ziya Gökalpin tefekkür dünyasında dinin yeri incelenmeye çalışılmıştır. Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, Osmanlı Devleti son devir mütefekkirlerinden ve Türkiye Cumhuriyetinin ilk dönem aydın ve siyasetçilerinden bu denli mühim birisinin hem kendi dünyasında hem de fikri katkı sunduğu devlet nizamında ne derece etkili olduğunu tespit etmeye çalışmaktır. Bu çalışma neticesinde görülmüştür ki Ziya Gökalp gerek yazdıkları gerek etki ettiği siyaset ve ilim erbabı yoluyla oldukça etkili olmuş bir şahsiyettir. Bu etkilerden birisi, belki de en önemlisi, dini sahada gelenek ile gelecek arasında bir köprü vazifesi görmüş olmasıdır. Gökalpin hayatının değişik dönemlerde farklı tezahür etse de din hep olagelmiştir. Öyle ki kendisi gençlik dönemi fikrî ve amelî dindarlığını ileriki dönemlerde aynı ile sürdüremese de hayatının hiçbir döneminde dini dışlamamış ve toplumun dinden uzak olamayacağını savunmuştur. Gökalpin dini tasavvurunda, dinin amelî tarafıyla coşku tarafı birlikte olmalıdır. Bu da kişinin kendi ana lisanında dinini tam anlaması ile gerçekleşebilir. Hatta hayatının son evrelerinde, devlet ve toplumun yönünün Batı medeniyeti ve laiklik olması gerektiğini savunduğu evrede bile dine belli bir rol biçmiş, asla dine düşman ve dini dışlayan bir tutum sergilememiştir. Fakat kendisi fikri ve içtimai düzeyde dinden uzak olmasa da özellikle İslam hukukunun klasik kavramlarından fıkıh usulü, hüsün-kubuh, örf ve icmâ deliline bambaşka anlamlar vererek bununla modern kurumlara dini meşruiyet sağlama çabası içerisine girmiştir. Özellikle içtimai usuli fıkhı bu amaçla kaleme almıştır. Bu nedenle Gökalpin tefekküründe ve toplum öngörüsünde dinin konumunu doğru belirlemek, aynı zamanda Türkiye Cumhuriyetinin kuruluş felsefesindeki dinin yerini anlamak, dinsiz bir toplum tasavvur edilmediğini bilmek anlamına gelecektir. Ancak bir mütefekkir ve siyaset adamı olarak hem ittihat terakki içerisinde hem de Türkiye Cumhuriyetinin kuruluş dönemlerinde aktif olarak yer almakla birlikte teorisyen yönü ön planda olan Gökalpi din ve toplum politikaları bakımından tek belirleyici görmek hatalı olacağı gibi, onu sadece fikri düzeyde yazıp çizen bir etkisiz eleman olarak görmek de yanlış olacaktır.

Makale detayları

Religion in the Intellectual World of Ziya Gökalp

Yazarlar:

Şevket Topal

Yayıncı:

Van Yuzuncu Yıl University

Ana Başlıklar:

İslam Araştırmaları (Diğer)

Dergi:

Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi Issue Ölümünün 100. Yıl Dönümünde Ziya Gökalp'ı Yeniden Anlamak, pp.69-76

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001311246

pISSN:

1302-6879

Ziya Gokalp

religion

consensus

social jurisprudence

fiqhZiya Gökalp

icmâ

örf

içtimai usul-i fıkıh

din

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Şevket Topal

Yayıncı: Van Yuzuncu Yıl University

Ana Başlıklar: İslam Araştırmaları (Diğer)

Dergi: Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi Issue Ölümünün 100. Yıl Dönümünde Ziya Gökalp'ı Yeniden Anlamak, pp.69-76

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 6/2024

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001311246

pISSN: 1302-6879

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Şevket Topal

Yayıncı:

Van Yuzuncu Yıl University

Ana Başlıklar:

İslam Araştırmaları (Diğer)

Dergi:

Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi Issue Ölümünün 100. Yıl Dönümünde Ziya Gökalp'ı Yeniden Anlamak, pp.69-76

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001311246

pISSN:

1302-6879