Guild Physicians and Surgeons in the Ottoman Empire

Ahmet Nizamoğlu; Arif Hüdai Köken

Makale detayları

Guild Physicians and Surgeons in the Ottoman Empire

Yazarlar:

Ahmet Nizamoğlu | Arif Hüdai Köken

Yayıncı:

Kirsehir Ahi Evran University

Ana Başlıklar:

Klinik Tıp Bilimleri (Diğer)

Dergi:

Ahi Evran Tıp Dergisi Vol.9 Issue 2, pp.222-234

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

8/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001345474

pISSN:

2619-9203

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 Purpose: This study aims to examine the role of guild physicians and surgeons within the healthcare system during the Ottoman era, as well as their educational methods, organizational structures, professional practices, and oversight mechanisms from a medical history perspective. Materials and Methods: The study utilized resources from the Ottoman Archive of the Republic of Türkiye Presidential State Archives BOA, period-specific printed materials, legal codes, and authored scholarly works. Sources written in Ottoman Turkish were transcribed into Latin script. The research employed a survey method as its model and utilized document analysis as a qualitative research approach. Results: The analyzed documents yielded information related to artisan medicine and surgery, including legal code provisions, duties and responsibilities, professional training and practices, as well as sanctions against those who performed their profession poorly, all presented in chronological order. These findings were discussed in light of archival documents. Conclusion: In conclusion, until the 19th century, medicine and surgery in the Ottoman were regarded as crafts practiced by guilds. It can be stated that the etibba class, which, took its place in Ottoman history of medicine as a reflection of the foundational principles and values of medicine that have endured to the present day, within the context of their professional practices as a guild.

 Purpose: This study aims to examine the role of guild physicians and surgeons within the healthcare system during the Ottoman era, as well as their educational methods, organizational structures, professional practices, and oversight mechanisms from a medical history perspective. Materials and Methods: The study utilized resources from the Ottoman Archive of the Republic of Türkiye Presidential State Archives BOA, period-specific printed materials, legal codes, and authored scholarly works. Sources written in Ottoman Turkish were transcribed into Latin script. The research employed a survey method as its model and utilized document analysis as a qualitative research approach. Results: The analyzed documents yielded information related to artisan medicine and surgery, including legal code provisions, duties and responsibilities, professional training and practices, as well as sanctions against those who performed their profession poorly, all presented in chronological order. These findings were discussed in light of archival documents. Conclusion: In conclusion, until the 19th century, medicine and surgery in the Ottoman were regarded as crafts practiced by guilds. It can be stated that the etibba class, which, took its place in Ottoman history of medicine as a reflection of the foundational principles and values of medicine that have endured to the present day, within the context of their professional practices as a guild.

 Purpose: This study aims to examine the role of guild physicians and surgeons within the healthcare system during the Ottoman era, as well as their educational methods, organizational structures, professional practices, and oversight mechanisms from a medical history perspective. Materials and Methods: The study utilized resources from the Ottoman Archive of the Republic of Türkiye Presidential State Archives BOA, period-specific printed materials, legal codes, and authored scholarly works. Sources written in Ottoman Turkish were transcribed into Latin script. The research employed a survey method as its model and utilized document analysis as a qualitative research approach. Results: The analyzed documents yielded information related to artisan medicine and surgery, including legal code provisions, duties and responsibilities, professional training and practices, as well as sanctions against those who performed their profession poorly, all presented in chronological order. These findings were discussed in light of archival documents. Conclusion: In conclusion, until the 19th century, medicine and surgery in the Ottoman were regarded as crafts practiced by guilds. It can be stated that the etibba class, which, took its place in Ottoman history of medicine as a reflection of the foundational principles and values of medicine that have endured to the present day, within the context of their professional practices as a guild.

 Amaç: Bu çalışmayla Osmanlı döneminde esnaf tabiplerin ve cerrahların sağlık sistemi içerisindeki yeri, eğitim şekilleri, örgütsel yapıları, mesleki icraları ve denetimlerinin tıp tarihi bakış açısıyla incelenmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Araçlar ve Yöntem: Çalışmada Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Cumhurbaşkanlığı Devlet Arşivleri Başkanlığı Osmanlı Arşivi BOAnden, döneme ait basılı kaynaklardan, kanunnamelerden ve telif tetkik eserlerden yararlanılmıştır. Osmanlı Türkçesi olarak yazılmış kaynaklar Latin harflerine transkripte edilmiştir. Araştırma modeli olarak tarama yöntemi ve nitel araştırmalardan doküman analizi kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Analiz edilen belgeler içerisinde araştırma konusuyla ilişkili kronolojik sırayla esnaf tabiplik ve cerrahlıkla ilgili kanunname hükümleri, görev ve sorumluluklar, mesleki eğitim ve uygulamalara yönelik bilgiler, mesleğini kötü icra edenlere karşı yaptırımları konu edinen bilgiler elde edilmiş ve arşiv belgeleri ışığında tartışılmıştır. Sonuç: Sonuç olarak Osmanlıda XIX. yüzyıla gelene kadar tabiplik ve cerrahlık birer esnaf kolu olarak görülmekteydi. Tabip topluluğunu ifade eden etibba zümresi esnaflık bağlamında yaptığı mesleki icraatlar temel kaide ve değerler açısından hekimliğin günümüze ulaşan değerlerinin bir iz düşümü olarak Osmanlı tıp tarihinde yerini almıştır.

Makale detayları

Guild Physicians and Surgeons in the Ottoman Empire

Yazarlar:

Ahmet Nizamoğlu | Arif Hüdai Köken

Yayıncı:

Kirsehir Ahi Evran University

Ana Başlıklar:

Klinik Tıp Bilimleri (Diğer)

Dergi:

Ahi Evran Tıp Dergisi Vol.9 Issue 2, pp.222-234

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

8/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001345474

pISSN:

2619-9203

akhism

guild physicianship

guild surgeon history of medicine

ottoman history of medicineahilik

esnaf cerrahlık

esnaf tabiplik

osmanlı tıp tarihi

tıp tarihi

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Ahmet Nizamoğlu | Arif Hüdai Köken

Yayıncı: Kirsehir Ahi Evran University

Ana Başlıklar: Klinik Tıp Bilimleri (Diğer)

Dergi: Ahi Evran Tıp Dergisi Vol.9 Issue 2, pp.222-234

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 8/2025

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001345474

pISSN: 2619-9203

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Ahmet Nizamoğlu | Arif Hüdai Köken

Yayıncı:

Kirsehir Ahi Evran University

Ana Başlıklar:

Klinik Tıp Bilimleri (Diğer)

Dergi:

Ahi Evran Tıp Dergisi Vol.9 Issue 2, pp.222-234

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

8/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001345474

pISSN:

2619-9203