The Understanding of Sunnah in the Mutaqaddimūn Period of Imāmiyya: Is It Possible to Speak of the Sunnah of the Imāms according to the Imāmiyya?

Peyman Ünügür Tekin

Makale detayları

The Understanding of Sunnah in the Mutaqaddimūn Period of Imāmiyya: Is It Possible to Speak of the Sunnah of the Imāms according to the Imāmiyya?

Yazarlar:

Peyman Ünügür Tekin

Yayıncı:

Ankara University

Ana Başlıklar:

Hadis | İslam Hukuku

Dergi:

Ankara Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.65 Issue 1, pp.233-259

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

5/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001318614

pISSN:

1301-0522

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 In the Imāmī school of thought, there are varying views on whether the Imams are the source of the Sunnah or merely its transmitters. Recent works on hadith and Sunnah by Imāmī scholars tend to approach the nature of the Sunnah based on the perspectives of later Imāmī uṣūl scholars. The understanding of the Sunnah that dominated during the formative period of the Imāmī school is often overlooked. However, the approach of the early scholars mutaqaddimūn during the formative period should have significantly influenced the shaping of the sects understanding of the Sunnah. Among the studies conducted in Turkey on the Imāmī understanding of hadith and Sunnah, there appears to be no direct examination of the nature of the Sunnah according to this school. In works that touch upon the issue in passing, contemporary Imāmī studies are usually referenced, and the works of the early period mutaqaddimūn and thus the prevailing understanding of the Sunnah during that period are neglected. In studies conducted in the West, the issue is often considered in the context of the scope of the Imams knowledge. However, there too, a detailed study focusing on the concept of the Sunnah concerning the Imams is lacking. Therefore, this study centers on the issue of the Sunnah of the Imams; it aims to identify the understanding of the Sunnah presented by the sects scholars during the early period mutaqaddimūn and to clarify whether, according to these scholars, the Imams, in addition to the Prophet, established an independent Sunnah. The study investigates the uses of the term Sunnah in hadith, fiqh, uṣūl, and other works written by both aḫbārī and uṣūlī scholars active during the early period, determining whether the term is used in relation to the Imams and whether the reports transmitted from the Imams are given a Sunnah-like function in jurisprudential and uṣūl works. In making these determinations, the study also examines whether the attributes of divine inspiration and infallibility attributed to the Imams can be linked to the concept of the Sunnah of the Imams. Through examinations of the works from the early period, it is concluded that the Sunnah is limited to legal rulings and is associated solely with the Prophet. The authority to establish legal rulings is exclusively reserved for the Prophet, with no provision for the Imams to make additions or subtractions to these rulings.

 In the Imāmī school of thought, there are varying views on whether the Imams are the source of the Sunnah or merely its transmitters. Recent works on hadith and Sunnah by Imāmī scholars tend to approach the nature of the Sunnah based on the perspectives of later Imāmī uṣūl scholars. The understanding of the Sunnah that dominated during the formative period of the Imāmī school is often overlooked. However, the approach of the early scholars mutaqaddimūn during the formative period should have significantly influenced the shaping of the sects understanding of the Sunnah. Among the studies conducted in Turkey on the Imāmī understanding of hadith and Sunnah, there appears to be no direct examination of the nature of the Sunnah according to this school. In works that touch upon the issue in passing, contemporary Imāmī studies are usually referenced, and the works of the early period mutaqaddimūn and thus the prevailing understanding of the Sunnah during that period are neglected. In studies conducted in the West, the issue is often considered in the context of the scope of the Imams knowledge. However, there too, a detailed study focusing on the concept of the Sunnah concerning the Imams is lacking. Therefore, this study centers on the issue of the Sunnah of the Imams; it aims to identify the understanding of the Sunnah presented by the sects scholars during the early period mutaqaddimūn and to clarify whether, according to these scholars, the Imams, in addition to the Prophet, established an independent Sunnah. The study investigates the uses of the term Sunnah in hadith, fiqh, uṣūl, and other works written by both aḫbārī and uṣūlī scholars active during the early period, determining whether the term is used in relation to the Imams and whether the reports transmitted from the Imams are given a Sunnah-like function in jurisprudential and uṣūl works. In making these determinations, the study also examines whether the attributes of divine inspiration and infallibility attributed to the Imams can be linked to the concept of the Sunnah of the Imams. Through examinations of the works from the early period, it is concluded that the Sunnah is limited to legal rulings and is associated solely with the Prophet. The authority to establish legal rulings is exclusively reserved for the Prophet, with no provision for the Imams to make additions or subtractions to these rulings.

 In the Imāmī school of thought, there are varying views on whether the Imams are the source of the Sunnah or merely its transmitters. Recent works on hadith and Sunnah by Imāmī scholars tend to approach the nature of the Sunnah based on the perspectives of later Imāmī uṣūl scholars. The understanding of the Sunnah that dominated during the formative period of the Imāmī school is often overlooked. However, the approach of the early scholars mutaqaddimūn during the formative period should have significantly influenced the shaping of the sects understanding of the Sunnah. Among the studies conducted in Turkey on the Imāmī understanding of hadith and Sunnah, there appears to be no direct examination of the nature of the Sunnah according to this school. In works that touch upon the issue in passing, contemporary Imāmī studies are usually referenced, and the works of the early period mutaqaddimūn and thus the prevailing understanding of the Sunnah during that period are neglected. In studies conducted in the West, the issue is often considered in the context of the scope of the Imams knowledge. However, there too, a detailed study focusing on the concept of the Sunnah concerning the Imams is lacking. Therefore, this study centers on the issue of the Sunnah of the Imams; it aims to identify the understanding of the Sunnah presented by the sects scholars during the early period mutaqaddimūn and to clarify whether, according to these scholars, the Imams, in addition to the Prophet, established an independent Sunnah. The study investigates the uses of the term Sunnah in hadith, fiqh, uṣūl, and other works written by both aḫbārī and uṣūlī scholars active during the early period, determining whether the term is used in relation to the Imams and whether the reports transmitted from the Imams are given a Sunnah-like function in jurisprudential and uṣūl works. In making these determinations, the study also examines whether the attributes of divine inspiration and infallibility attributed to the Imams can be linked to the concept of the Sunnah of the Imams. Through examinations of the works from the early period, it is concluded that the Sunnah is limited to legal rulings and is associated solely with the Prophet. The authority to establish legal rulings is exclusively reserved for the Prophet, with no provision for the Imams to make additions or subtractions to these rulings.

 İmāmiyye mezhebine göre imamların sünnetin kaynağı mı yoksa onun aktarıcısı mı olduğu hususunda farklı görüşler söz konusudur. Son dönemde İmāmī müellifler tarafından yapılan hadis ve sünnete dair çalışmalarda, sünnetin mahiyetinin daha ziyade müteahhirûn dönemi İmāmī uṣūlcülerinin görüşleri üzerinden ele alındığı görülür. İmāmiyyenin teşekkül sürecinde hakim olan sünnet anlayışının keyfiyetiyse çoğunlukla göz ardı edilir. Oysaki teşekkül sürecinde rol oynayan mütekaddimûn dönemi ulemasının yaklaşımı, mezhebin sünnet anlayışının şekillenmesinde mühim bir etkiye sahip olmalıdır. İmāmiyyenin hadis ve sünnet anlayışına dair Türkiyede yapılan çalışmalar arasında, bu mezhebe göre sünnetin mahiyetini doğrudan konu alan bir çalışma tespit edilememiştir. Meseleye satır aralarında değinen çalışmalardaysa daha ziyade çağdaş İmāmī çalışmalar kaynak alınmış, bilhassa mütekaddimûn dönemi eserleri ve dolayısıyla bu dönemde hâkim olan sünnet anlayışı göz ardı edilmiştir. Batıda yapılan çalışmalardaysa meselenin daha ziyade imamların bilgisinin kapsamı bağlamında ele alındığı görülür. Ancak bunlarda da yine imamların sünneti olgusunun üzerinde ayrıntılı şekilde duran bir çalışmaya rastlanmamıştır. Dolayısıyla bu çalışmada imamların sünneti meselesi merkeze alınmış; mütekaddimûn döneminde mezhep ulemasınca ortaya konan sünnet anlayışının tespiti ve bu doğrultuda mütekaddimûn dönemi ulemasına göre imamların Hz. Peygambere ilave olarak müstakil bir sünnet ihdas edip etmedikleri hususunun açıklığa kavuşturulması amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada mütekaddimûn döneminde etkin olan hem aḫbārī hem de uṣūlī ulema tarafından kaleme alınan hadis, fıkıh, uṣūl ve sair eserlerdeki sünnet kullanımları araştırılarak kelimenin imamlara nispetle kullanılıp kullanılmadığı ve buna ilave olarak fıkıh ve uṣūl eserlerinde imamlardan nakledilenlere sünnetvari bir fonksiyon yüklenip yüklenmediği belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Söz konusu tespitler yapılırken imamlara atfedilen ilahi bilgilendirmeye muhatap olma ve ismet niteliklerinin, imamların sünneti görüşüyle ilişkilendirilip ilişkilendirilemeyeceği hususu da irdelenmiştir. Mütekaddimûn dönemi eserleri üzerindeki incelemeler aracılığıyla, sünnetin şerʿī ahkamla sınırlandırılarak yalnızca Hz. Peygamber ile ilişkilendirildiği, şerʿī ahkam konusunda hüküm koyma yetkisinin yalnızca Hz. Peygambere has kılınarak imamlara bunlar üzerinde -ekleme ya da çıkarma bakımından- herhangi bir tasarruf yetkisi öngörülmediği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

Makale detayları

The Understanding of Sunnah in the Mutaqaddimūn Period of Imāmiyya: Is It Possible to Speak of the Sunnah of the Imāms according to the Imāmiyya?

Yazarlar:

Peyman Ünügür Tekin

Yayıncı:

Ankara University

Ana Başlıklar:

Hadis | İslam Hukuku

Dergi:

Ankara Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.65 Issue 1, pp.233-259

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

5/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001318614

pISSN:

1301-0522

Ḥadīth

Sunnah

Imāmiyya

Twelve Imāms

Ilhām

ʿIṣmahHadis

Sünnet

İmâmiyye

On İki İmam

İlham

İsmet.

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Peyman Ünügür Tekin

Yayıncı: Ankara University

Ana Başlıklar: Hadis | İslam Hukuku

Dergi: Ankara Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.65 Issue 1, pp.233-259

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 5/2024

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001318614

pISSN: 1301-0522

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Peyman Ünügür Tekin

Yayıncı:

Ankara University

Ana Başlıklar:

Hadis | İslam Hukuku

Dergi:

Ankara Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.65 Issue 1, pp.233-259

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

5/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001318614

pISSN:

1301-0522