New Data on Alyattes' Destruction on Smryna

Duygu Akar Tanrıver; Bora Ertüzün

Makale detayları

New Data on Alyattes' Destruction on Smryna

Yazarlar:

Duygu Akar Tanrıver | Bora Ertüzün

Yayıncı:

Ege University

Ana Başlıklar:

Arkeoloji

Dergi:

Arkeoloji Dergisi Issue 30, pp.99-117

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

4/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001288522

pISSN:

1300-5685

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 The Lydia Kingdom, which had an important role in the social, political, and economic life of Western Anatolian in the Archaic Period, influenced the Hellenic settlements located on the coasts of Ionia as well as the Sardes based administrative area during the 7th century BC. Herodotus posts detailed information about the Lydians, their culture and their relationship with their neighbours. The Lydian pressure on the Ionian coasts which started with King Gyges, has made itself understood strongly for the last time with the attack of King Alyattes in the 600 BC. As it is reported by Herodotus and Strabo, the most effected settlement from this expedition was Old Smyrna. Since the 1930s, in Old Smyrna, where the investigations are carried out intermittently, researchers made interpretations about the destruction caused by Alyattes in the settlement with many archaeological data. The areas where the traces of this destruction can be detected are the aggregate mound which is defined as the siege ramp located on the northwest corner of the city, the phases of the Temple of Athena, which is thought to have been destroyed by the Alyattes attack, and the civilian area. With the extensive research in these areas between 1948-51, British and Turkish teams worked to determine the date of the ers made interpretations about the destruction caused by Alyattes in the settlement with many archaeological data. The areas where the traces of this destruction can be detected are the aggregate mound which is defined as the siege ramp located on the northwest corner of the city, the phases of the Temple of Athena, which is thought to have been destroyed by the Alyattes attack, and the civilian area. With the extensive research in these areas between 1948-51, British and Turkish teams worked to determine the date of the destruction of Smyrna by Alyattes and they made different interpretations on the archaeological data obtained. Despite this, both teams agreed on the year around 600 BC. Current research made it possible to make new interpretations on the date of the destruction, thanks to the graves and structures located in front of the third defensive wall which was built in the second half of the 7th century BC. In this study, the data and comments about dating the destruction of Smyrna by Alyattes are reviewed, the reliability of the determination of the destruction date has been discussed with these results and it is aimed to contribute to the date of the destruction of Alyattes with current research and the new data which is obtained outside the defensive wall.

 The Lydia Kingdom, which had an important role in the social, political, and economic life of Western Anatolian in the Archaic Period, influenced the Hellenic settlements located on the coasts of Ionia as well as the Sardes based administrative area during the 7th century BC. Herodotus posts detailed information about the Lydians, their culture and their relationship with their neighbours. The Lydian pressure on the Ionian coasts which started with King Gyges, has made itself understood strongly for the last time with the attack of King Alyattes in the 600 BC. As it is reported by Herodotus and Strabo, the most effected settlement from this expedition was Old Smyrna. Since the 1930s, in Old Smyrna, where the investigations are carried out intermittently, researchers made interpretations about the destruction caused by Alyattes in the settlement with many archaeological data. The areas where the traces of this destruction can be detected are the aggregate mound which is defined as the siege ramp located on the northwest corner of the city, the phases of the Temple of Athena, which is thought to have been destroyed by the Alyattes attack, and the civilian area. With the extensive research in these areas between 1948-51, British and Turkish teams worked to determine the date of the ers made interpretations about the destruction caused by Alyattes in the settlement with many archaeological data. The areas where the traces of this destruction can be detected are the aggregate mound which is defined as the siege ramp located on the northwest corner of the city, the phases of the Temple of Athena, which is thought to have been destroyed by the Alyattes attack, and the civilian area. With the extensive research in these areas between 1948-51, British and Turkish teams worked to determine the date of the destruction of Smyrna by Alyattes and they made different interpretations on the archaeological data obtained. Despite this, both teams agreed on the year around 600 BC. Current research made it possible to make new interpretations on the date of the destruction, thanks to the graves and structures located in front of the third defensive wall which was built in the second half of the 7th century BC. In this study, the data and comments about dating the destruction of Smyrna by Alyattes are reviewed, the reliability of the determination of the destruction date has been discussed with these results and it is aimed to contribute to the date of the destruction of Alyattes with current research and the new data which is obtained outside the defensive wall.

 The Lydia Kingdom, which had an important role in the social, political, and economic life of Western Anatolian in the Archaic Period, influenced the Hellenic settlements located on the coasts of Ionia as well as the Sardes based administrative area during the 7th century BC. Herodotus posts detailed information about the Lydians, their culture and their relationship with their neighbours. The Lydian pressure on the Ionian coasts which started with King Gyges, has made itself understood strongly for the last time with the attack of King Alyattes in the 600 BC. As it is reported by Herodotus and Strabo, the most effected settlement from this expedition was Old Smyrna. Since the 1930s, in Old Smyrna, where the investigations are carried out intermittently, researchers made interpretations about the destruction caused by Alyattes in the settlement with many archaeological data. The areas where the traces of this destruction can be detected are the aggregate mound which is defined as the siege ramp located on the northwest corner of the city, the phases of the Temple of Athena, which is thought to have been destroyed by the Alyattes attack, and the civilian area. With the extensive research in these areas between 1948-51, British and Turkish teams worked to determine the date of the ers made interpretations about the destruction caused by Alyattes in the settlement with many archaeological data. The areas where the traces of this destruction can be detected are the aggregate mound which is defined as the siege ramp located on the northwest corner of the city, the phases of the Temple of Athena, which is thought to have been destroyed by the Alyattes attack, and the civilian area. With the extensive research in these areas between 1948-51, British and Turkish teams worked to determine the date of the destruction of Smyrna by Alyattes and they made different interpretations on the archaeological data obtained. Despite this, both teams agreed on the year around 600 BC. Current research made it possible to make new interpretations on the date of the destruction, thanks to the graves and structures located in front of the third defensive wall which was built in the second half of the 7th century BC. In this study, the data and comments about dating the destruction of Smyrna by Alyattes are reviewed, the reliability of the determination of the destruction date has been discussed with these results and it is aimed to contribute to the date of the destruction of Alyattes with current research and the new data which is obtained outside the defensive wall.

 Arkaik Dönemde Batı Anadolunun sosyal, siyasi ve ekonomik hayatında önemli bir role sahip olan Lydia Krallığı, Sardes merkezli yönetim alanı kadar İonia kıyılarında bulunan Hellen yerleşimlerini de MÖ 7. yüzyıl süresince etkisi altına almıştır. Herodotos, Lydialılar, kültürleri ve onların komşularıyla ilişkileri hakkında detaylı bilgiler aktarmaktadır. İonia kıyıları üzerinde Kral Gyges ile başlayan Lydia baskısı, yaklaşık MÖ 600 tarihinde kral Alyattesin saldırısıyla son kez kendini güçlü bir şekilde hissettirmiştir. Herodotos ve Strabon tarafından aktarıldığı üzere bu seferden en çok etkilenen yerleşim ise Eski Smyrna olmuştur. 1930lu yıllardan günümüze, aralıklarla araştırılmasına devam edilen Eski Smyrnada araştırmacılar Alyattesin kentte yarattığı tahribata ilişkin çok sayıda farklı arkeolojik veri ile yorumlarda bulunmuştur. Bu tahribatın izlerinin tespit edilebildiği alanlar, kentin kuzeybatı köşesinde bulunan ve kuşatma rampası olarak tanımlanan yığma tepecik, Alyattes saldırısıyla tahrip olduğu düşünülen Athena Tapınağına ait yapı evreleri ve sivil yerleşim sektörleridir. 1948-51 yıllarında bu alanlarda gerçekleştirilen kapsamlı araştırmalarla İngiliz ve Türk ekipler Alyattesin Smyrnayı tahrip ettiği tarihi belirlemek için çalışmışlar yürütmüş ve ele geçen arkeolojik veriye ilişkin farklı yorumlar üretmiştir. Buna rağmen iki ekip de Alyattesin kenti tahribi için yaklaşık MÖ 600 tarihinde hem fikir olmuşlardır. Güncel araştırmalar, MÖ 7. yüzyılın ikinci yarısında inşa edilen kentin 3. savunma duvarı önünde yer alan yapılar ve mezarlar sayesinde tahribatın tarihine ilişkin yeni yorumlarda bulunmayı olanaklı kılmıştır. Bu çalışmada, Alyattesin Smyrnayı tahribini tarihleyen veriler ve yorumlar gözden geçirilmiş, bu sonuçlar ile tahribat tarihinin tespitinin güvenilirliği ele alınmış ve güncel araştırmalarla, kentin savunma yapılarının dışında ele geçen yeni verilerin Alyattesin tahribinin tarihine ilişkin katkıda bulunması amaçlanmıştır.

Makale detayları

New Data on Alyattes' Destruction on Smryna

Yazarlar:

Duygu Akar Tanrıver | Bora Ertüzün

Yayıncı:

Ege University

Ana Başlıklar:

Arkeoloji

Dergi:

Arkeoloji Dergisi Issue 30, pp.99-117

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

4/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001288522

pISSN:

1300-5685

Smyrna

Archaic Period

Kingdom of Lydia

Alyattes

Destruction of Smyrna.Arkaik Dönem

Smyrna

Lydia

Alyattes

Savaş

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Duygu Akar Tanrıver | Bora Ertüzün

Yayıncı: Ege University

Ana Başlıklar: Arkeoloji

Dergi: Arkeoloji Dergisi Issue 30, pp.99-117

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 4/2023

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001288522

pISSN: 1300-5685

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Duygu Akar Tanrıver | Bora Ertüzün

Yayıncı:

Ege University

Ana Başlıklar:

Arkeoloji

Dergi:

Arkeoloji Dergisi Issue 30, pp.99-117

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

4/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001288522

pISSN:

1300-5685