NEAR ENVIRONMENT DOCTRINE IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION'S GREAT POWER POLICY

Murat Kağan Toprak; Toğrul İsmayıl

Makale detayları

NEAR ENVIRONMENT DOCTRINE IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION'S GREAT POWER POLICY

Yazarlar:

Murat Kağan Toprak | Toğrul İsmayıl

Yayıncı:

Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University

Ana Başlıklar:

Uluslararası İlişkilerde Siyaset | Uluslararası Kuruluşlar

Dergi:

Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi Vol.22 Issue 1, pp.614-630

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

4/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001346611

pISSN:

1304-8120

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 Today, the understanding that every state is equal is dominant in international relations. However, some states strive to become Great Powers in international relations, thanks to some of their potential. Because, thanks to this effort to become a great power, states gain the advantage of being able to act more easily in many issues. While it was assumed that there were two great powers USA-USSR in the bipolar world order during the Cold War period, it is assumed that there was a unipolar world order, i.e. the West, led by the USA, or a multipolar world order, according to different arguments, in the post-Cold War period. However, the Russian Federation, which was established after the USSR and largely consolidated the legacy of the USSR, has begun to aim to become a great power again in this current order and is trying to achieve this aim largely within a policy perspective it calls the Nearby Environment Doctrine. The Nearby Circle Doctrine, which Russia has tried to implement in line with this goal, has in some cases brought Russia closer to this goal, while in other cases it has moved it further away from this goal. The concept of Nearby Circle Doctrine is essentially used with this name only in Turkish literature, but in Russian literature this policy is called Blinijye Zarubejye, that is, Near Abroad, and the meaning of the concepts with these two different names do not fully overlap with each other. In fact, these two concepts are opposite in many respects. However, in this study, this conceptual confusion is not discussed at length and is discussed only to contribute to the main purpose and argument of the study. This study examines the place and importance of the Nearby Environment Doctrine in the Russian Federations policy of becoming a great power. In this regard, the Nearby Environment Doctrine was examined and the importance of regional organizations in the doctrine was explained. Among these organizations, particular focus was placed on the Commonwealth of Independent States, the Collective Security Treaty Organization and the Eurasian Economic Union. Then, the problems experienced by this doctrine were examined in detail, and here the focus was on the 2008 Russia-Georgia War, the 2014 Russias annexation of Crimea, and the 2022 Russia-Ukraine War. After presenting all these data and considering that Russia can easily confront many actors if necessary, it has been concluded that Russias close circle forms the basis of its policy of becoming a great power.

 Today, the understanding that every state is equal is dominant in international relations. However, some states strive to become Great Powers in international relations, thanks to some of their potential. Because, thanks to this effort to become a great power, states gain the advantage of being able to act more easily in many issues. While it was assumed that there were two great powers USA-USSR in the bipolar world order during the Cold War period, it is assumed that there was a unipolar world order, i.e. the West, led by the USA, or a multipolar world order, according to different arguments, in the post-Cold War period. However, the Russian Federation, which was established after the USSR and largely consolidated the legacy of the USSR, has begun to aim to become a great power again in this current order and is trying to achieve this aim largely within a policy perspective it calls the Nearby Environment Doctrine. The Nearby Circle Doctrine, which Russia has tried to implement in line with this goal, has in some cases brought Russia closer to this goal, while in other cases it has moved it further away from this goal. The concept of Nearby Circle Doctrine is essentially used with this name only in Turkish literature, but in Russian literature this policy is called Blinijye Zarubejye, that is, Near Abroad, and the meaning of the concepts with these two different names do not fully overlap with each other. In fact, these two concepts are opposite in many respects. However, in this study, this conceptual confusion is not discussed at length and is discussed only to contribute to the main purpose and argument of the study. This study examines the place and importance of the Nearby Environment Doctrine in the Russian Federations policy of becoming a great power. In this regard, the Nearby Environment Doctrine was examined and the importance of regional organizations in the doctrine was explained. Among these organizations, particular focus was placed on the Commonwealth of Independent States, the Collective Security Treaty Organization and the Eurasian Economic Union. Then, the problems experienced by this doctrine were examined in detail, and here the focus was on the 2008 Russia-Georgia War, the 2014 Russias annexation of Crimea, and the 2022 Russia-Ukraine War. After presenting all these data and considering that Russia can easily confront many actors if necessary, it has been concluded that Russias close circle forms the basis of its policy of becoming a great power.

 Today, the understanding that every state is equal is dominant in international relations. However, some states strive to become Great Powers in international relations, thanks to some of their potential. Because, thanks to this effort to become a great power, states gain the advantage of being able to act more easily in many issues. While it was assumed that there were two great powers USA-USSR in the bipolar world order during the Cold War period, it is assumed that there was a unipolar world order, i.e. the West, led by the USA, or a multipolar world order, according to different arguments, in the post-Cold War period. However, the Russian Federation, which was established after the USSR and largely consolidated the legacy of the USSR, has begun to aim to become a great power again in this current order and is trying to achieve this aim largely within a policy perspective it calls the Nearby Environment Doctrine. The Nearby Circle Doctrine, which Russia has tried to implement in line with this goal, has in some cases brought Russia closer to this goal, while in other cases it has moved it further away from this goal. The concept of Nearby Circle Doctrine is essentially used with this name only in Turkish literature, but in Russian literature this policy is called Blinijye Zarubejye, that is, Near Abroad, and the meaning of the concepts with these two different names do not fully overlap with each other. In fact, these two concepts are opposite in many respects. However, in this study, this conceptual confusion is not discussed at length and is discussed only to contribute to the main purpose and argument of the study. This study examines the place and importance of the Nearby Environment Doctrine in the Russian Federations policy of becoming a great power. In this regard, the Nearby Environment Doctrine was examined and the importance of regional organizations in the doctrine was explained. Among these organizations, particular focus was placed on the Commonwealth of Independent States, the Collective Security Treaty Organization and the Eurasian Economic Union. Then, the problems experienced by this doctrine were examined in detail, and here the focus was on the 2008 Russia-Georgia War, the 2014 Russias annexation of Crimea, and the 2022 Russia-Ukraine War. After presenting all these data and considering that Russia can easily confront many actors if necessary, it has been concluded that Russias close circle forms the basis of its policy of becoming a great power.

 Günümüzde her devlet eşittir şeklindeki anlayış uluslararası ilişkilerde hâkim olan bir anlayıştır. Fakat bazı devletler sahip olduğu birtakım potansiyelleri sayesinde uluslararası ilişkilerde Büyük Güç olma çabası göstermektedirler. Çünkü devletler bu büyük güç olma çabası sayesinde birçok konuda daha rahat hareket edebilme avantajı kazanabilmektedirler. Soğuk Savaş dönemindeki çift kutuplu dünya düzeninde iki büyük gücün ABD-SSCB olduğu varsayılırken, Soğuk Savaş sonrası dönemde ABDnin başını çekmiş olduğu Batı yani tek kutuplu dünya düzeninin ya da farklı argümanlara göre çok kutuplu dünya düzeninin olduğu varsayılmaktadır. Ancak SSCB sonrası kurulan ve büyük oranda SSCB mirasını bünyesinde konsolide eden Rusya Federasyonu, günümüzdeki bu düzende tekrardan büyük güç olma gayesi gütmeye başlamıştır ve bu gayesini de büyük oranda Yakın Çevre Doktrini olarak adlandırdığı bir politika perspektifinde gerçekleştirmeye çalışmaktadır. Rusyanın bu gaye doğrultusunda uygulamaya çalıştığı Yakın Çevre Doktrini bazı durumlarda Rusyayı bu gayesine yakınlaştırırken bazı durumlarda ise bu gayesinden uzaklaştırmıştır. Yakın Çevre Doktrini kavramı esasen yalnızca Türkçe literatürde bu ismiyle kullanılmakta olup, Rus literatüründe bu politikaya Blinijye Zarubejye yani Yakın Yurt Dışı denilmekte ve bu iki farklı isimdeki kavramın anlamı birbiriyle tam anlamıyla örtüşmemektedir. Hatta bu iki kavram bünyelerinde birçok açıdan zıtlıklar taşımaktadır. Fakat bu çalışmada bu kavram karmaşası durumuna uzun uzadıya girilmeyip yalnızca çalışmanın ana gayesine ve argümanına katkı sağlayacak kadar tartışması yapılmıştır. Bu çalışma Rusya Federasyonunun büyük güç olma politikasında Yakın Çevre Doktrininin yeri ve önemini incelemektedir. Bu doğrultuda Yakın Çevre Doktrini incelenmiş ve bölgesel örgütlerin doktrindeki önemi açıklanmıştır. Bu örgütler arasında özellikle Bağımsız Devletler Topluluğu, Kolektif Güvenlik Antlaşması Örgütü ve Avrasya Ekonomik Birliğine odaklanılmıştır. Ardından bu doktrinin yaşadığı sorunlar detaylı incelenmiş ve burada da 2008 Rusya-Gürcistan Savaşı, 2014 Rusyanın Kırımı ilhakı ve 2022 Rusya-Ukrayna Savaşına odaklanılmıştır. Bütün bu veriler ortaya konulduktan sonra Rusyanın gerekmesi halinde birçok aktörü kolayca karşısına aldığı da göz önünde bulundurulduğunda Rusyanın büyük güç olma politikasının temelini yakın çevresinin oluşturduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

Makale detayları

NEAR ENVIRONMENT DOCTRINE IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION'S GREAT POWER POLICY

Yazarlar:

Murat Kağan Toprak | Toğrul İsmayıl

Yayıncı:

Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University

Ana Başlıklar:

Uluslararası İlişkilerde Siyaset | Uluslararası Kuruluşlar

Dergi:

Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi Vol.22 Issue 1, pp.614-630

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

4/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001346611

pISSN:

1304-8120

Russia

Near Environment Doctrine

Great Power

Ukraine

Near Abroad.Rusya

Yakın Çevre Doktrini

Büyük Güç

Ukrayna

Yakın Yurt Dışı.

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Murat Kağan Toprak | Toğrul İsmayıl

Yayıncı: Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University

Ana Başlıklar: Uluslararası İlişkilerde Siyaset | Uluslararası Kuruluşlar

Dergi: Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi Vol.22 Issue 1, pp.614-630

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 4/2025

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001346611

pISSN: 1304-8120

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Murat Kağan Toprak | Toğrul İsmayıl

Yayıncı:

Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University

Ana Başlıklar:

Uluslararası İlişkilerde Siyaset | Uluslararası Kuruluşlar

Dergi:

Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi Vol.22 Issue 1, pp.614-630

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

4/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001346611

pISSN:

1304-8120