Saint Georges Monastery which Little Known for its Architectural Features  in Van Bahçesaray (Pouthkouvank - Sarivank - Roostervank - Dira Han)

Yalçın Karaca

Makale detayları

Saint Georges Monastery which Little Known for its Architectural Features in Van Bahçesaray (Pouthkouvank - Sarivank - Roostervank - Dira Han)

Yazarlar:

Yalçın Karaca

Yayıncı:

Van Yuzuncu Yıl University

Ana Başlıklar:

Kültürel ve Doğal Miras

Dergi:

Van İnsani ve Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi Issue 9, pp.69-98

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001351668

pISSN:

2792-0364

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 The Lake Van Basin has been home to many different civilizations since ancient times due to its geostrategic and geopolitical location. It is very rich in terms of historical and cultural heritage. There are many monasteries and churches belonging to Christians in addition to the architectural monuments created by different Turkish and Islamic states in the region. Monasteries were places of seclusion for religious communities that were cut off from the world away from city life. They have many structures that are used for different purposes. The aim of the research is to introduce to the scientific world by examining it with scientific methods and to bring it to the tourism of the region that this little-known monastery. The other aim is to narrate jamatun structures which the lesser known in terminology and means a church house. These structures are not found in other Christian religious architectures but are specific to Armenian architecture. They began to be built extensively from the end of the 12th century onwards. They were generally added to the western facades of monastery churches. They usually have larger spaces than churches. The zhamatuns, which are transitional to churches, are semi-religious and semi-civilian spaces. The fact that the studies in this field are few and insufficient increases the importance of the subject we are addressing. We have conducted many fieldworks in Van. One of them is the Saint Georges Monastery in Bahçesaray district. Firstly, observations were made in the field. Structers documented with photographs by were taken precise measurements of the structures. In line with the information obtained, was revealed the current situations by making plan drawings of architectural works. Important findings have been reached. The complex consists of a church, jamatun and chapel. The church has a single nave and there are quite a many examples. Despite that, in terms of plan type the jamatun structure is the only example in our country of jamatuns whose upper cover is carried by two free supports. In addition, the structures that were standing with their upper covers in the 1970s and used for civilian purposes by the local people lost their functionality over time. For this reason, it was observed that the upper covers and walls of the structures that have survived to the present day have collapsed as a result of natural damage. Our study will be useful in illuminating the architectural development and the interaction between cultures formed in the region.

 The Lake Van Basin has been home to many different civilizations since ancient times due to its geostrategic and geopolitical location. It is very rich in terms of historical and cultural heritage. There are many monasteries and churches belonging to Christians in addition to the architectural monuments created by different Turkish and Islamic states in the region. Monasteries were places of seclusion for religious communities that were cut off from the world away from city life. They have many structures that are used for different purposes. The aim of the research is to introduce to the scientific world by examining it with scientific methods and to bring it to the tourism of the region that this little-known monastery. The other aim is to narrate jamatun structures which the lesser known in terminology and means a church house. These structures are not found in other Christian religious architectures but are specific to Armenian architecture. They began to be built extensively from the end of the 12th century onwards. They were generally added to the western facades of monastery churches. They usually have larger spaces than churches. The zhamatuns, which are transitional to churches, are semi-religious and semi-civilian spaces. The fact that the studies in this field are few and insufficient increases the importance of the subject we are addressing. We have conducted many fieldworks in Van. One of them is the Saint Georges Monastery in Bahçesaray district. Firstly, observations were made in the field. Structers documented with photographs by were taken precise measurements of the structures. In line with the information obtained, was revealed the current situations by making plan drawings of architectural works. Important findings have been reached. The complex consists of a church, jamatun and chapel. The church has a single nave and there are quite a many examples. Despite that, in terms of plan type the jamatun structure is the only example in our country of jamatuns whose upper cover is carried by two free supports. In addition, the structures that were standing with their upper covers in the 1970s and used for civilian purposes by the local people lost their functionality over time. For this reason, it was observed that the upper covers and walls of the structures that have survived to the present day have collapsed as a result of natural damage. Our study will be useful in illuminating the architectural development and the interaction between cultures formed in the region.

 The Lake Van Basin has been home to many different civilizations since ancient times due to its geostrategic and geopolitical location. It is very rich in terms of historical and cultural heritage. There are many monasteries and churches belonging to Christians in addition to the architectural monuments created by different Turkish and Islamic states in the region. Monasteries were places of seclusion for religious communities that were cut off from the world away from city life. They have many structures that are used for different purposes. The aim of the research is to introduce to the scientific world by examining it with scientific methods and to bring it to the tourism of the region that this little-known monastery. The other aim is to narrate jamatun structures which the lesser known in terminology and means a church house. These structures are not found in other Christian religious architectures but are specific to Armenian architecture. They began to be built extensively from the end of the 12th century onwards. They were generally added to the western facades of monastery churches. They usually have larger spaces than churches. The zhamatuns, which are transitional to churches, are semi-religious and semi-civilian spaces. The fact that the studies in this field are few and insufficient increases the importance of the subject we are addressing. We have conducted many fieldworks in Van. One of them is the Saint Georges Monastery in Bahçesaray district. Firstly, observations were made in the field. Structers documented with photographs by were taken precise measurements of the structures. In line with the information obtained, was revealed the current situations by making plan drawings of architectural works. Important findings have been reached. The complex consists of a church, jamatun and chapel. The church has a single nave and there are quite a many examples. Despite that, in terms of plan type the jamatun structure is the only example in our country of jamatuns whose upper cover is carried by two free supports. In addition, the structures that were standing with their upper covers in the 1970s and used for civilian purposes by the local people lost their functionality over time. For this reason, it was observed that the upper covers and walls of the structures that have survived to the present day have collapsed as a result of natural damage. Our study will be useful in illuminating the architectural development and the interaction between cultures formed in the region.

 Van Gölü Havzası jeostratejik ve jeopolitik konumu nedeniyle ilk çağlardan beri birçok farklı medeniyete ev sahipliği yapmıştır. Tarihi ve kültürel miras açısından çok zengindir. Farklı Türk ve İslam devletlerinin bölgede oluşturdukları mimari eserlerin yanı sıra Hıristiyanlara ait birçok manastır ve kilise bulunmaktadır. Manastırlar şehir yaşamından uzakta dünya ile ilişkisini kesmiş dinsel toplulukların inzivaya çekildikleri yerlerdir. Bünyelerinde farklı amaçlarla kullanılan çok sayıda yapı bulunur. Araştırmanın amacı çok az tanınan bu manastırı bilimsel metotlarla inceleyerek bilim dünyasına tanıtmak ve bölge turizmine kazandırmaktır. Diğer amaç ise terminolojide az bilinen ve terim olarak kilise evi anlamına gelen jamatun yapılarının anlatılmasıdır. Bu yapılar diger Hıristiyan dini mimarilerinde bulunmayıp Ermeni mimarisine özgüdür. XII. yy. sonundan itibaren yaygın bir şekilde inşa edilmeye başlanmıştır. Genellikle manastır kiliselerinin batı cephelerine sonradan eklenmişlerdir. Çoğunlukla kiliselerden daha büyük mekanlara sahiptirler. Kiliselere geçiş özelliği gösteren jamatunlar yarı dini yarı sivil işlevli mekanlardır. Bu alandaki çalışmaların az sayıda ve yetersiz olması ele aldığımız konunun önemini artırmaktadır. Vanda tarafımızca çok sayıda saha çalışması gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bunlardan biride Bahçesaray ilçesindeki Saint Georges Manastırıdır. Sahada öncelikle gözlem yapılmıştır. Yapıların hassas ölçümleri alınarak fotoğraflarla belgelenmiştir. Elde edilen bilgiler doğrultusunda mimari eserlerin plan çizimleri yapılarak güncel durumları ortaya çıkarılmıştır. Önemli bulgulara ulaşılmıştır. Kompleks; bir kilise, jamatun ve şapelden oluşmaktadır. Kilise tek neflidir ve oldukça fazla sayıda örneği vardır. Buna karşın jamatun yapısı plan tipi itibariyle üst örtüsü iki serbest destek tarafından taşınan jamatunların ülkemizdeki tespit edebildiğimiz tek örneğidir. Ayrıca 1970 li yıllarda üst örtüsü ile birlikte ayakta olan ve yöre insanı tarafından sivil amaçlarla kullanılan yapılar zamanla işlevselliğini kaybetmiştir. Bu nedenle günümüze gelen yapıların üst örtü ve duvarlarında doğal tahribat sonucu yıkılmalar olduğu gözlenmiştir. Çalışmamız bölgede oluşan mimari gelişimin ve kültürler arasındaki etkileşimin aydınlatılması açısından fayda sağlayacaktır.

Makale detayları

Saint Georges Monastery which Little Known for its Architectural Features in Van Bahçesaray (Pouthkouvank - Sarivank - Roostervank - Dira Han)

Yazarlar:

Yalçın Karaca

Yayıncı:

Van Yuzuncu Yıl University

Ana Başlıklar:

Kültürel ve Doğal Miras

Dergi:

Van İnsani ve Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi Issue 9, pp.69-98

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001351668

pISSN:

2792-0364

Van

Christian religious architecture

monastery

church

jamatun.Van

Hıristiyan dini mimarisi

manastır

kilise

jamatun

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Yalçın Karaca

Yayıncı: Van Yuzuncu Yıl University

Ana Başlıklar: Kültürel ve Doğal Miras

Dergi: Van İnsani ve Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi Issue 9, pp.69-98

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 6/2025

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001351668

pISSN: 2792-0364

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Yalçın Karaca

Yayıncı:

Van Yuzuncu Yıl University

Ana Başlıklar:

Kültürel ve Doğal Miras

Dergi:

Van İnsani ve Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi Issue 9, pp.69-98

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001351668

pISSN:

2792-0364