Early Byzantine Period Church Fountains in the Light of the Southern Basilica Fountain in Perge

Mehmet Cihangir Uzun

Makale detayları

Early Byzantine Period Church Fountains in the Light of the Southern Basilica Fountain in Perge

Yazarlar:

Mehmet Cihangir Uzun

Yayıncı:

Istanbul University

Ana Başlıklar:

Sanat Tarihi

Dergi:

Art-Sanat Issue 20, pp.643-668

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

7/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001296768

pISSN:

2148-3582

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 Water was viewed as the source of everlasting life and divine resurrection throughout the Byzantine period, as a sign of sanctification and purification from sins, according to sacred texts. The Christian faiths sanctification of water has resulted in specific ceremonial requirements in terms of liturgical and therapeutic applications. These requirements were met in the Early Christian Era by creatingconstructing water structures and equipment. The liturgical fountains are one of thesestructures, where the congregation and clergy, particularly in the atriums of the churches, bathed their hands and feet in the courtyard before entering the naos. Archaeological surveys in recent years have revealed an escalating number of Early Byzantine Period churches, adding to our prior knowledge. Nonetheless, many concerns remain unanswered regarding the purpose, architectural aspects, and nomenclature of church fountains. As a result, in this article, the subject of naming the fountains of the Early Byzantine Era is examined by employing terms from the periods chronicles, and the structural characteristics of the fountains used for ablution are indicated. Moreover, the fountain in the atrium of the Perge South Basilica is introduced with its architectural features, and it is examined comprehensively by utilizing examples of fountains found in churches within and beyond Anatolia, which could be compared to the fountain in question. The article concludes with explanations as to why religious fountains are primarily found in churches in episcopal territories.

 Water was viewed as the source of everlasting life and divine resurrection throughout the Byzantine period, as a sign of sanctification and purification from sins, according to sacred texts. The Christian faiths sanctification of water has resulted in specific ceremonial requirements in terms of liturgical and therapeutic applications. These requirements were met in the Early Christian Era by creatingconstructing water structures and equipment. The liturgical fountains are one of thesestructures, where the congregation and clergy, particularly in the atriums of the churches, bathed their hands and feet in the courtyard before entering the naos. Archaeological surveys in recent years have revealed an escalating number of Early Byzantine Period churches, adding to our prior knowledge. Nonetheless, many concerns remain unanswered regarding the purpose, architectural aspects, and nomenclature of church fountains. As a result, in this article, the subject of naming the fountains of the Early Byzantine Era is examined by employing terms from the periods chronicles, and the structural characteristics of the fountains used for ablution are indicated. Moreover, the fountain in the atrium of the Perge South Basilica is introduced with its architectural features, and it is examined comprehensively by utilizing examples of fountains found in churches within and beyond Anatolia, which could be compared to the fountain in question. The article concludes with explanations as to why religious fountains are primarily found in churches in episcopal territories.

 Water was viewed as the source of everlasting life and divine resurrection throughout the Byzantine period, as a sign of sanctification and purification from sins, according to sacred texts. The Christian faiths sanctification of water has resulted in specific ceremonial requirements in terms of liturgical and therapeutic applications. These requirements were met in the Early Christian Era by creatingconstructing water structures and equipment. The liturgical fountains are one of thesestructures, where the congregation and clergy, particularly in the atriums of the churches, bathed their hands and feet in the courtyard before entering the naos. Archaeological surveys in recent years have revealed an escalating number of Early Byzantine Period churches, adding to our prior knowledge. Nonetheless, many concerns remain unanswered regarding the purpose, architectural aspects, and nomenclature of church fountains. As a result, in this article, the subject of naming the fountains of the Early Byzantine Era is examined by employing terms from the periods chronicles, and the structural characteristics of the fountains used for ablution are indicated. Moreover, the fountain in the atrium of the Perge South Basilica is introduced with its architectural features, and it is examined comprehensively by utilizing examples of fountains found in churches within and beyond Anatolia, which could be compared to the fountain in question. The article concludes with explanations as to why religious fountains are primarily found in churches in episcopal territories.

 Bizans Döneminde su, kutsal metinlere dayanılarak sonsuz yaşamın ve ilahi dirilişin kaynağı, kutsanma ve günahlardan arınmanın sembolü olarak görülmektedir. Hristiyan inancının suya atfettiği bu kutsallık, litürjik ve şifa amaçlı kullanımlar için önemli bir ritüel ihtiyacının doğmasına sebep olmuştur. Bu ihtiyaçların giderilmesi amacıyla Erken Hristiyanlık Döneminden itibaren suyla ilgili yapılar ve gereçler oluşturulmuştur. Bu yapılardan biri de özellikle kiliselerin atriumlarındaki cemaatin ve ruhban sınıfının naosa girmeden önce avluda ellerini ve ayaklarını yıkadıkları liturjik işlevli çeşmelerdir. Son yıllarda yürütülen arkeolojik kazı çalışmaları sayesinde bilinen Erken Bizans Dönemi kiliselerinin sayısı artmıştır. Ancak kiliselerdeki çeşmelerin işlevleri, mimari özellikleri ve adlandırmasıyla ilgili cevaplanmayı bekleyen pek çok soru bulunmaktadır. Bu sebeple makalede, abdest alma amacıyla kullanılan çeşmelerin yapısal ayrımları, Erken Bizans Döneminde hangi adlandırmalara sahip oldukları, dönem kronikleri ve kroniklerde geçen terimler üzerinden tartışılmıştır. Ayrıca Perge Güney Bazilikası atriumunda yer alan çeşme, mimari özellikleri bakımından ilk kez tanıtılarak, bu çeşmeyle analoji kurulabilen Anadolu ve Anadolu dışındaki kiliselerde bulunan çeşme örnekleriyle birlikte bütüncül olarak ele alınmıştır. Makalenin sonunda dinî nitelikli çeşmelerin niçin ağırlıklı olarak piskoposluk yerleşimlerindeki kiliselerde bulunduğuna dair cevaplara yer verilmiştir.

Makale detayları

Early Byzantine Period Church Fountains in the Light of the Southern Basilica Fountain in Perge

Yazarlar:

Mehmet Cihangir Uzun

Yayıncı:

Istanbul University

Ana Başlıklar:

Sanat Tarihi

Dergi:

Art-Sanat Issue 20, pp.643-668

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

7/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001296768

pISSN:

2148-3582

Early Byzantine Period

Fountain

Krene

Ablution

Southern Basilica of PergeErken Bizans Dönemi

Çeşme

Krene

Abdest

Perge Güney Bazilikası

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Mehmet Cihangir Uzun

Yayıncı: Istanbul University

Ana Başlıklar: Sanat Tarihi

Dergi: Art-Sanat Issue 20, pp.643-668

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 7/2023

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001296768

pISSN: 2148-3582

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Mehmet Cihangir Uzun

Yayıncı:

Istanbul University

Ana Başlıklar:

Sanat Tarihi

Dergi:

Art-Sanat Issue 20, pp.643-668

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

7/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001296768

pISSN:

2148-3582