ʿUmar ibn ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz's Practices regarding the Expenditure of Zakāt

Serkan Ağa

Makale detayları

ʿUmar ibn ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz's Practices regarding the Expenditure of Zakāt

Yazarlar:

Serkan Ağa

Yayıncı:

Tekirdag Namik Kemal University

Ana Başlıklar:

İslam Hukuku

Dergi:

Tasavvur / Tekirdağ İlahiyat Dergisi Vol.11 Issue 1, pp.551-575

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001351321

pISSN:

2619-9130

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 ʿUmar ibn ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz was born in Medina in 61680 and received education from the well-known tābiʿīn scholars of Medina. He was appoin-ted as the governor of Hijaz in 86705 and held this position for about se-ven years. He was declared caliph in 99717 and displayed a just and in-novative administration during his 29-month caliphate. He died in 101720. ʿUmar ibn ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz introduced fair and inclusive practices in the field of zakāt as in many other fields. He adopted a voluntary system in zakāt practices and did not collect zakāt by force. He ensured the voluntary collection of zakāt by exempting them from tax liability. ʿUmar ibn ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz, based on the 60th verse of Surah al-Tawbah, argued that zakāt sho-uld be given to all existing classes. However, he expanded the scope of these classes, allocated shares from many classes, especially in the field of defence, and spent zakāt wealth in places where it is not spent today. He created a just and comprehensive system aiming to increase social welfare by using zakāt wealth through the state. ʿUmar ibn ʿAbd al-ʿAzīzs policies on the expenditure of zakāt can serve as an important model for Muslims in terms of todays social welfare systems. Considering this importance, in this study, we have discussed ʿUmar ibn ʿAbd al-ʿAzīzs practices regarding zakāt.

 ʿUmar ibn ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz was born in Medina in 61680 and received education from the well-known tābiʿīn scholars of Medina. He was appoin-ted as the governor of Hijaz in 86705 and held this position for about se-ven years. He was declared caliph in 99717 and displayed a just and in-novative administration during his 29-month caliphate. He died in 101720. ʿUmar ibn ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz introduced fair and inclusive practices in the field of zakāt as in many other fields. He adopted a voluntary system in zakāt practices and did not collect zakāt by force. He ensured the voluntary collection of zakāt by exempting them from tax liability. ʿUmar ibn ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz, based on the 60th verse of Surah al-Tawbah, argued that zakāt sho-uld be given to all existing classes. However, he expanded the scope of these classes, allocated shares from many classes, especially in the field of defence, and spent zakāt wealth in places where it is not spent today. He created a just and comprehensive system aiming to increase social welfare by using zakāt wealth through the state. ʿUmar ibn ʿAbd al-ʿAzīzs policies on the expenditure of zakāt can serve as an important model for Muslims in terms of todays social welfare systems. Considering this importance, in this study, we have discussed ʿUmar ibn ʿAbd al-ʿAzīzs practices regarding zakāt.

 ʿUmar ibn ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz was born in Medina in 61680 and received education from the well-known tābiʿīn scholars of Medina. He was appoin-ted as the governor of Hijaz in 86705 and held this position for about se-ven years. He was declared caliph in 99717 and displayed a just and in-novative administration during his 29-month caliphate. He died in 101720. ʿUmar ibn ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz introduced fair and inclusive practices in the field of zakāt as in many other fields. He adopted a voluntary system in zakāt practices and did not collect zakāt by force. He ensured the voluntary collection of zakāt by exempting them from tax liability. ʿUmar ibn ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz, based on the 60th verse of Surah al-Tawbah, argued that zakāt sho-uld be given to all existing classes. However, he expanded the scope of these classes, allocated shares from many classes, especially in the field of defence, and spent zakāt wealth in places where it is not spent today. He created a just and comprehensive system aiming to increase social welfare by using zakāt wealth through the state. ʿUmar ibn ʿAbd al-ʿAzīzs policies on the expenditure of zakāt can serve as an important model for Muslims in terms of todays social welfare systems. Considering this importance, in this study, we have discussed ʿUmar ibn ʿAbd al-ʿAzīzs practices regarding zakāt.

 Ömer b. Abdülazîz, 61680 yılında Medinede doğmuş ve Medinenin tanınmış tâbiîn âlimlerinden eğitim almıştır. 86705 yılında Hicaz valisi ola-rak atanmış ve yaklaşık yedi yıl bu görevi sürdürmüştür. 99717 yılında halife ilan edilmiş ve 29 aylık halifeliği boyunca adaletli ve yenilikçi bir yö-netim sergilemiştir. 101720 yılında vefat etmiştir. Ömer b. Abdülazîz, bir-çok alanda olduğu gibi zekât alanında da adaletli ve kapsayıcı uygulamalar getirmiştir. Zekât uygulamalarında gönüllülük esasına dayalı bir sistem be-nimsemiş ve zorla zekât toplamamıştır. Vergi yükümlülüğünden muaf tu-tulmasını sağlayarak gönüllü zekât toplanmasını temin etmiştir. Ömer b. Abdülazîz, Tevbe suresinin 60. ayetini esas alarak zekâtın mevcut olan tüm sınıflara verilmesi gerektiğini savunmuştur. Ancak o, bu sınıfların kapsamı-nı genişletmiş, özellikle savunma alanına birçok sınıftan pay ayırmış ve zekât malını günümüzde sarf edilmeyen yerlerde sarf etmiştir. Devlet eliyle zekât mallarını kullanarak toplumsal refahı artırmayı hedefleyen adaletli ve kapsamlı bir sistem oluşturmuştur. Ömer b. Abdülazîzin zekâtın sarfına dair politikaları Müslümanlar için, günümüz sosyal yardım sistemleri açı-sından zekâtın sarf edildiği yerler önemli bir model teşkil edebilecek nitelik-tedir. Bu önemi göz önünde bulundurarak, bu çalışmada Ömer b. Abdü-lazîzin zekâta ilişkin uygulamalarını ele aldık.

Makale detayları

ʿUmar ibn ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz's Practices regarding the Expenditure of Zakāt

Yazarlar:

Serkan Ağa

Yayıncı:

Tekirdag Namik Kemal University

Ana Başlıklar:

İslam Hukuku

Dergi:

Tasavvur / Tekirdağ İlahiyat Dergisi Vol.11 Issue 1, pp.551-575

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001351321

pISSN:

2619-9130

Fiqh

Zakāt

ʿĀmilūn

Ibn al-Sabīl

Muallafa al-Qulūb

Salaries

ʿUmar ibn ʿAbd al-ʿAzīzFıkıh

Zekât

Âmiller

İbnü’s-sebîl

Müellefe-i kulûb

Maaşlar

Ömer b. Abdü-lazîz

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Serkan Ağa

Yayıncı: Tekirdag Namik Kemal University

Ana Başlıklar: İslam Hukuku

Dergi: Tasavvur / Tekirdağ İlahiyat Dergisi Vol.11 Issue 1, pp.551-575

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 6/2025

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001351321

pISSN: 2619-9130

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Serkan Ağa

Yayıncı:

Tekirdag Namik Kemal University

Ana Başlıklar:

İslam Hukuku

Dergi:

Tasavvur / Tekirdağ İlahiyat Dergisi Vol.11 Issue 1, pp.551-575

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001351321

pISSN:

2619-9130