Republic Day Celebrations From 1923 To 2000

Bengül Bolat

Makale detayları

Republic Day Celebrations From 1923 To 2000

Yazarlar:

Bengül Bolat

Yayıncı:

Ayla KAŞOĞLU

Ana Başlıklar:

Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Tarihi

Dergi:

Avrasya Uluslararası Araştırmalar Dergisi , pp.284-306

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

9/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001302723

pISSN:

2147-2610

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 As in all other societies in the world, Turks have held events such as commemorations, celebrations and holidays depending on the political phases, traditions, lifestyles, beliefs and geographical factors throughout their history, and they have continued to transfer a large part of them to future generations. They enriched their cultural life, which they founded in their first homeland, Central Asia, with new cultural values with migration to Anatolia and conversion to Islam. During the period of the Ottoman Empire, they started to practice many ceremonies and rituals required by the empire Parallel to the developments in the West, the symbols and ceremonial activities required by the Nationalism, which started to be effective in the world after the French Revolution, were built on Ottomanism in the first place However, II. From the Second Constitutional Era, with the bankruptcy of Ottomanism and the disintegration of the empire, Turkism came to the fore. The rulers of the period took as an example the announcement of the National Holiday day, which has become widespread in the West for a while and strengthened nationalism, within some practices aimed at the development of Turkish nationalism. The rulers of the period took as an example the announcement of the National Holiday day, which has become widespread in the West for a while and strengthened nationalism, within some practices aimed at the development of Turkish nationalism. In this context, the day when the Constitutional Monarchy was proclaimed began to be celebrated as the first national holiday in our history, and other than today, celebrations such as the founding day of the Ottoman Empire and the training, workers and childrens holidays were held. In the Republican period, this practice, which started with the declaration of the day of the opening of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey as a holiday while the National Struggle was still going on, continued with the proclamation of the Republic being celebrated as an international national holiday through the consulates. Celebrating Atatürks departure to Samsun, the day when the Great Offensive was won, and the day when the Turkish Grand National Assembly was opened, which are known as important days during the National Struggle period, were also determined as the Childrens Day and have been continued until today. The Republic Day celebrations, which are the subject of the study, started officially in 1925, and the 10th, 50th and 75th Anniversary celebrations were more elaborate and detailed than the others. Especially the 10th Anniversary celebrations are the most permanent. While the celebrations generally continue with similar ceremonies starting from the first, it is seen that the characteristics of each period, the political events of the period, the issues and discussions in domestic and foreign politics have a significant impact on the feast celebrations. Especially in the process that started with the transition to multi-party-political life, it is seen that Turkeys national holiday was overshadowed by the conflicts between the government and the opposition. In addition, factors such as terrorist incidents and economic troubles were also important reasons that negatively affected the enthusiasm and participation of the National Holiday.

 As in all other societies in the world, Turks have held events such as commemorations, celebrations and holidays depending on the political phases, traditions, lifestyles, beliefs and geographical factors throughout their history, and they have continued to transfer a large part of them to future generations. They enriched their cultural life, which they founded in their first homeland, Central Asia, with new cultural values with migration to Anatolia and conversion to Islam. During the period of the Ottoman Empire, they started to practice many ceremonies and rituals required by the empire Parallel to the developments in the West, the symbols and ceremonial activities required by the Nationalism, which started to be effective in the world after the French Revolution, were built on Ottomanism in the first place However, II. From the Second Constitutional Era, with the bankruptcy of Ottomanism and the disintegration of the empire, Turkism came to the fore. The rulers of the period took as an example the announcement of the National Holiday day, which has become widespread in the West for a while and strengthened nationalism, within some practices aimed at the development of Turkish nationalism. The rulers of the period took as an example the announcement of the National Holiday day, which has become widespread in the West for a while and strengthened nationalism, within some practices aimed at the development of Turkish nationalism. In this context, the day when the Constitutional Monarchy was proclaimed began to be celebrated as the first national holiday in our history, and other than today, celebrations such as the founding day of the Ottoman Empire and the training, workers and childrens holidays were held. In the Republican period, this practice, which started with the declaration of the day of the opening of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey as a holiday while the National Struggle was still going on, continued with the proclamation of the Republic being celebrated as an international national holiday through the consulates. Celebrating Atatürks departure to Samsun, the day when the Great Offensive was won, and the day when the Turkish Grand National Assembly was opened, which are known as important days during the National Struggle period, were also determined as the Childrens Day and have been continued until today. The Republic Day celebrations, which are the subject of the study, started officially in 1925, and the 10th, 50th and 75th Anniversary celebrations were more elaborate and detailed than the others. Especially the 10th Anniversary celebrations are the most permanent. While the celebrations generally continue with similar ceremonies starting from the first, it is seen that the characteristics of each period, the political events of the period, the issues and discussions in domestic and foreign politics have a significant impact on the feast celebrations. Especially in the process that started with the transition to multi-party-political life, it is seen that Turkeys national holiday was overshadowed by the conflicts between the government and the opposition. In addition, factors such as terrorist incidents and economic troubles were also important reasons that negatively affected the enthusiasm and participation of the National Holiday.

 As in all other societies in the world, Turks have held events such as commemorations, celebrations and holidays depending on the political phases, traditions, lifestyles, beliefs and geographical factors throughout their history, and they have continued to transfer a large part of them to future generations. They enriched their cultural life, which they founded in their first homeland, Central Asia, with new cultural values with migration to Anatolia and conversion to Islam. During the period of the Ottoman Empire, they started to practice many ceremonies and rituals required by the empire Parallel to the developments in the West, the symbols and ceremonial activities required by the Nationalism, which started to be effective in the world after the French Revolution, were built on Ottomanism in the first place However, II. From the Second Constitutional Era, with the bankruptcy of Ottomanism and the disintegration of the empire, Turkism came to the fore. The rulers of the period took as an example the announcement of the National Holiday day, which has become widespread in the West for a while and strengthened nationalism, within some practices aimed at the development of Turkish nationalism. The rulers of the period took as an example the announcement of the National Holiday day, which has become widespread in the West for a while and strengthened nationalism, within some practices aimed at the development of Turkish nationalism. In this context, the day when the Constitutional Monarchy was proclaimed began to be celebrated as the first national holiday in our history, and other than today, celebrations such as the founding day of the Ottoman Empire and the training, workers and childrens holidays were held. In the Republican period, this practice, which started with the declaration of the day of the opening of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey as a holiday while the National Struggle was still going on, continued with the proclamation of the Republic being celebrated as an international national holiday through the consulates. Celebrating Atatürks departure to Samsun, the day when the Great Offensive was won, and the day when the Turkish Grand National Assembly was opened, which are known as important days during the National Struggle period, were also determined as the Childrens Day and have been continued until today. The Republic Day celebrations, which are the subject of the study, started officially in 1925, and the 10th, 50th and 75th Anniversary celebrations were more elaborate and detailed than the others. Especially the 10th Anniversary celebrations are the most permanent. While the celebrations generally continue with similar ceremonies starting from the first, it is seen that the characteristics of each period, the political events of the period, the issues and discussions in domestic and foreign politics have a significant impact on the feast celebrations. Especially in the process that started with the transition to multi-party-political life, it is seen that Turkeys national holiday was overshadowed by the conflicts between the government and the opposition. In addition, factors such as terrorist incidents and economic troubles were also important reasons that negatively affected the enthusiasm and participation of the National Holiday.

 Dünyadaki diğer tüm toplumlarda olduğu gibi Türkler de tarihleri boyunca geçirdikleri siyasi evrelere, gelenekleri, yaşayış biçimleri, inançları ve coğrafik faktörlere bağlı olarak anma, kutlama, bayram gibi etkinlikleri yapmışlar ve bunların büyük bir kısmını gelecek nesillere aktararak devam ettirmişlerdir. İlk vatanları olan Orta Asyada temellendirdikleri kültürel hayatlarını, Anadoluya göç ve İslamiyete geçiş ile yeni kültürel değerlerle zenginleştirmişlerdir. Osmanlı İmparatorluğunu döneminde, imparatorluğun gerektirdiği birçok tören ve ritüelleri de uygulamaya başlamışlardır. Batıdaki gelişmelere paralel olarak, Fransız Devrimi sonrası dünyada hızla etkili olmaya başlayan Ulusçuluğun gerektirdiği sembol ve törensel etkinlikler, ilk etapta Osmanlıcılık üzerinde kurgulanmıştır. Ancak II. Meşrutiyet döneminden itibaren, Osmanlıcılığın iflas etmesi ve imparatorluğun iyice dağılması ile Türkçülük ön plana çıkmıştır. Dönemin yöneticileri, Türk milliyetçiliğinin gelişmesine yönelik birtakım uygulamalar içinde bir süreden beri Batıda yaygınlaşan ve milliyetçiliği güçlendiren, Milli Bayram günü ilan etmeyi örnek almışlardır. Bu bağlamda Meşrutiyetin ilan edildiği gün tarihimizde ilk milli bayram olarak kutlanmaya başlamış, bugünün dışında Osmanlı Devletinin Kuruluş günü ile idman, işçi ve çocuklar bayramları gibi kutlamalar da yapılmıştır. Cumhuriyet döneminde ise TBMMnin açıldığı günün henüz Millî Mücadele devam ederken bayram ilan edilmesi ile başlayan bu uygulama, Cumhuriyetin ilanının konsolosluklar aracılığı ile uluslararası milli bayram olarak kutlanmaya başlaması ile devam etmiştir. Millî Mücadele dönemi içinde önemli günler olan, Atatürkün Samsuna çıkış günü, Büyük Taarruzun kazanıldığı gün ve TBMMnin açıldığı günün aynı zamanda çocuk Bayramı olarak kutlanması da diğer ulusal bayram günleri olarak belirlenmiş ve günümüze kadar devam ettirilmiştir. Çalışmaya konu edinen Cumhuriyet Bayramı kutlamaları 1925te resmi olarak başlamış, 10. Yıl, 50. Yıl ve 75. Yıl kutlamaları diğerlerinden daha fazla özenli ve ayrıntılı olmuştur. Özellikle 10. Yıl kutlamaları en kalıcı olanıdır. Kutlamalar ilkinden başlayarak genellikle birbirine benzer törenlerle devam ederken, her bir dönemin özelliği, dönemin politik olayları, iç ve dış siyasetteki konular ve tartışmaların bayram kutlamalara önemli bir etkisi olduğu görülmektedir. Özellikle çok partili siyasi hayata geçiş ile başlayan süreçte, Türkiyenin milli bayramının iktidar ve muhalefet arasındaki çekişmelerin gölgesinde kaldığı görülmektedir. Ayrıca terör olayları, ekonomik sıkıntılar gibi faktörler de Milli Bayram coşkusunu ve katılımını olumsuz yönde etkileyen önemli sebepler olmuştur.

Makale detayları

Republic Day Celebrations From 1923 To 2000

Yazarlar:

Bengül Bolat

Yayıncı:

Ayla KAŞOĞLU

Ana Başlıklar:

Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Tarihi

Dergi:

Avrasya Uluslararası Araştırmalar Dergisi , pp.284-306

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

9/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001302723

pISSN:

2147-2610

Nationalism

national holiday

celebration

anniversary

discourse

ceremony.milli bayram

kutlama

yıldönümü

söylem

tören

ulusçuluk

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Bengül Bolat

Yayıncı: Ayla KAŞOĞLU

Ana Başlıklar: Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Tarihi

Dergi: Avrasya Uluslararası Araştırmalar Dergisi , pp.284-306

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 9/2023

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001302723

pISSN: 2147-2610

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Bengül Bolat

Yayıncı:

Ayla KAŞOĞLU

Ana Başlıklar:

Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Tarihi

Dergi:

Avrasya Uluslararası Araştırmalar Dergisi , pp.284-306

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

9/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001302723

pISSN:

2147-2610