Social State Expenditures in the Covid-19 Period: A National Model Proposal

Zekayi Kaya

Makale detayları

Social State Expenditures in the Covid-19 Period: A National Model Proposal

Yazarlar:

Zekayi Kaya

Yayıncı:

Gaziantep University

Ana Başlıklar:

Finans | İşletme | Maliye Çalışmaları (Diğer)

Dergi:

Gaziantep Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi Vol.23 Issue 1, pp.221-240

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

1/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001310459

pISSN:

1303-0094

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 During the 2007 Global Crisis and the subsequent Covid-19 period, it was observed that the expenditures of states and therefore their role in the economy increased. Fiscal policy tools, and especially the expenditure items that constitute social state expenditures, have been used more intensively in recent years to eliminate imbalances and instabilities in the economy. During the global crisis and the Covid-19 period, which constitutes the scope of the study, states intervened in the economy by increasing social state expenditures in order to overcome the negativities affecting demand and supply. Increasing social state expenditures has been effective in solving the problems of insufficient demand and supply congestion in the economy. The instability problems experienced in the economy during the Covid-19 period and other periods show that the regulatory and supportive power of states must be constantly present. This is necessary for the continuity of growth and employment. States should make expenditures that support consumers and producers in the economy through social state expenditures. In this study, social state expenditures made in 2020-2021, which constitute the Covid-19 period, were examined by taking into account other years and on the basis of some countries where Covid-19 was effective. In this period, as social state expenditures; it has been observed that expenditures such as social protection expenditures, unemployment insurance, short-time working practices, social assistance expenditures for those in need, health expenditures, universal basic income, and citizenship income salary applications have been put into practice by different countries. In the study, a national model that can be applied in every situation that will provide sustainable growth and employment for every country has been proposed within the scope of social expenditures.

 During the 2007 Global Crisis and the subsequent Covid-19 period, it was observed that the expenditures of states and therefore their role in the economy increased. Fiscal policy tools, and especially the expenditure items that constitute social state expenditures, have been used more intensively in recent years to eliminate imbalances and instabilities in the economy. During the global crisis and the Covid-19 period, which constitutes the scope of the study, states intervened in the economy by increasing social state expenditures in order to overcome the negativities affecting demand and supply. Increasing social state expenditures has been effective in solving the problems of insufficient demand and supply congestion in the economy. The instability problems experienced in the economy during the Covid-19 period and other periods show that the regulatory and supportive power of states must be constantly present. This is necessary for the continuity of growth and employment. States should make expenditures that support consumers and producers in the economy through social state expenditures. In this study, social state expenditures made in 2020-2021, which constitute the Covid-19 period, were examined by taking into account other years and on the basis of some countries where Covid-19 was effective. In this period, as social state expenditures; it has been observed that expenditures such as social protection expenditures, unemployment insurance, short-time working practices, social assistance expenditures for those in need, health expenditures, universal basic income, and citizenship income salary applications have been put into practice by different countries. In the study, a national model that can be applied in every situation that will provide sustainable growth and employment for every country has been proposed within the scope of social expenditures.

 During the 2007 Global Crisis and the subsequent Covid-19 period, it was observed that the expenditures of states and therefore their role in the economy increased. Fiscal policy tools, and especially the expenditure items that constitute social state expenditures, have been used more intensively in recent years to eliminate imbalances and instabilities in the economy. During the global crisis and the Covid-19 period, which constitutes the scope of the study, states intervened in the economy by increasing social state expenditures in order to overcome the negativities affecting demand and supply. Increasing social state expenditures has been effective in solving the problems of insufficient demand and supply congestion in the economy. The instability problems experienced in the economy during the Covid-19 period and other periods show that the regulatory and supportive power of states must be constantly present. This is necessary for the continuity of growth and employment. States should make expenditures that support consumers and producers in the economy through social state expenditures. In this study, social state expenditures made in 2020-2021, which constitute the Covid-19 period, were examined by taking into account other years and on the basis of some countries where Covid-19 was effective. In this period, as social state expenditures; it has been observed that expenditures such as social protection expenditures, unemployment insurance, short-time working practices, social assistance expenditures for those in need, health expenditures, universal basic income, and citizenship income salary applications have been put into practice by different countries. In the study, a national model that can be applied in every situation that will provide sustainable growth and employment for every country has been proposed within the scope of social expenditures.

 2007 Küresel Krizi ve sonrasında Covid-19 döneminde devletlerin harcamalarının ve dolayısıyla ekonomide rolünün arttığı görülmüştür. Maliye politikası araçlarına ve özellikle sosyal devlet harcamalarını oluşturan harcama kalemlerine ekonomideki dengesizliklerin ve istikrarsızlıkların giderilmesinde son dönemde daha yoğun olarak başvurulmuştur. Küresel kriz döneminde ve çalışmanın kapsamını oluşturan Covid-19 döneminde talep ve arzı etkileyen olumsuzlukların aşılması için devletler sosyal devlet harcamalarını artırarak ekonomiye müdahale etmişlerdir. Sosyal devlet harcamalarının artırılması ekonomide talep yetersizliği ve arz tıkanıklığı sorunlarının çözümünde etkili olmuştur. Covid-19 dönemi ve diğer dönemlerde ekonomide yaşanılan istikrarsızlık sorunları devletlerin düzenleyici ve destekleyici gücünün sürekli bir şekilde olması gerektiğini göstermektedir. Bu büyümenin ve istihdamın sürekliliği için gereklidir. Devletler sosyal devlet harcamaları vasıtasıyla ekonomide tüketici ve üreticiyi destekleyici harcamalar yapmalıdır. Bu çalışmada Covid-19 dönemini oluşturan 2020-2021 yıllarında yapılan sosyal devlet harcamaları diğer yıllar göz önünde tutularak ve Covid-19un etkili olduğu bazı ülkeler bazında incelenmiştir. Bu dönemde sosyal devlet harcaması olarak; sosyal koruma harcamaları, işsizlik sigortası, kısa çalışma uygulamaları, ihtiyaç sahiplerine yapılan sosyal yardım harcamaları, sağlık harcamaları, evrensel temel gelir, vatandaşlık geliri maaşı uygulamaları gibi harcamaların değişik ülkelerce uygulamaya koyulduğu görülmüştür. Çalışmada, sosyal devlet harcamaları kapsamında, her ülke için sürdürülebilir büyüme ve istihdamı sağlayacak her durumda uygulanabilir millî bir model önerisi yapılmıştır.

Makale detayları

Social State Expenditures in the Covid-19 Period: A National Model Proposal

Yazarlar:

Zekayi Kaya

Yayıncı:

Gaziantep University

Ana Başlıklar:

Finans | İşletme | Maliye Çalışmaları (Diğer)

Dergi:

Gaziantep Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi Vol.23 Issue 1, pp.221-240

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

1/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001310459

pISSN:

1303-0094

Social state

Social state expenditures

national economy

Covid-19Sosyal devlet

sosyal devlet harcamaları

milli ekonomi

Covid-19

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Zekayi Kaya

Yayıncı: Gaziantep University

Ana Başlıklar: Finans | İşletme | Maliye Çalışmaları (Diğer)

Dergi: Gaziantep Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi Vol.23 Issue 1, pp.221-240

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 1/2024

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001310459

pISSN: 1303-0094

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Zekayi Kaya

Yayıncı:

Gaziantep University

Ana Başlıklar:

Finans | İşletme | Maliye Çalışmaları (Diğer)

Dergi:

Gaziantep Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi Vol.23 Issue 1, pp.221-240

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

1/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001310459

pISSN:

1303-0094