The Shanghai Cooperation Organization and Regional Security in Central Asia

Muhammet Faruk Çakır

Makale detayları

The Shanghai Cooperation Organization and Regional Security in Central Asia

Yazarlar:

Muhammet Faruk Çakır

Yayıncı:

Gaziantep University

Ana Başlıklar:

Bölgesel Çalışmalar | Uluslararası Güvenlik | Uluslararası Kuruluşlar

Dergi:

Gaziantep Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi Vol.23 Issue 3, pp.1149-1166

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

7/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001324212

pISSN:

1303-0094

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 The Shanghai Cooperation Organization SCO is a loosely organized, multi-purpose international institution. Unlike security institutions with a high level of integration, it has no integrated military structure, rapid reaction force, and a dispute resolution mechanism. This raises a fundamental question about the SCOs security role: Does the SCO have the capacity to contribute meaningfully to its members ability to overcome the perceived threats to their security and to establish a regional order? This study suggests that this question can be answered by looking at the ability of the organization to fulfil the functions that are expected from it by the member states. For this reason, the functions that member states expect the SCO to perform in the field of security are identified in the first place, and then, it has been discussed how and to what extent the organization performs these functions under changing global and regional conditions. These security functions are ensuring an accord between the Central Asian policies pursued by China and Russia and the inclusion of Central Asian members in the accord, combating transnational threats, and the exclusion of the West from Central Asia. It can be observed that the first function has become the most important contribution of the SCO to regional security over time because China and Russia have pursued diverging policies towards the region and an asymmetry in favour of China has emerged in their bilateral relations. This study has also stated that the functions of the SCO are interconnected and affect each other. The findings of this study support the opinion that an evaluation of a security institutions contribution to regional security should take into account the region-specific conditions in addition to the level of integration in the regional organization.

 The Shanghai Cooperation Organization SCO is a loosely organized, multi-purpose international institution. Unlike security institutions with a high level of integration, it has no integrated military structure, rapid reaction force, and a dispute resolution mechanism. This raises a fundamental question about the SCOs security role: Does the SCO have the capacity to contribute meaningfully to its members ability to overcome the perceived threats to their security and to establish a regional order? This study suggests that this question can be answered by looking at the ability of the organization to fulfil the functions that are expected from it by the member states. For this reason, the functions that member states expect the SCO to perform in the field of security are identified in the first place, and then, it has been discussed how and to what extent the organization performs these functions under changing global and regional conditions. These security functions are ensuring an accord between the Central Asian policies pursued by China and Russia and the inclusion of Central Asian members in the accord, combating transnational threats, and the exclusion of the West from Central Asia. It can be observed that the first function has become the most important contribution of the SCO to regional security over time because China and Russia have pursued diverging policies towards the region and an asymmetry in favour of China has emerged in their bilateral relations. This study has also stated that the functions of the SCO are interconnected and affect each other. The findings of this study support the opinion that an evaluation of a security institutions contribution to regional security should take into account the region-specific conditions in addition to the level of integration in the regional organization.

 The Shanghai Cooperation Organization SCO is a loosely organized, multi-purpose international institution. Unlike security institutions with a high level of integration, it has no integrated military structure, rapid reaction force, and a dispute resolution mechanism. This raises a fundamental question about the SCOs security role: Does the SCO have the capacity to contribute meaningfully to its members ability to overcome the perceived threats to their security and to establish a regional order? This study suggests that this question can be answered by looking at the ability of the organization to fulfil the functions that are expected from it by the member states. For this reason, the functions that member states expect the SCO to perform in the field of security are identified in the first place, and then, it has been discussed how and to what extent the organization performs these functions under changing global and regional conditions. These security functions are ensuring an accord between the Central Asian policies pursued by China and Russia and the inclusion of Central Asian members in the accord, combating transnational threats, and the exclusion of the West from Central Asia. It can be observed that the first function has become the most important contribution of the SCO to regional security over time because China and Russia have pursued diverging policies towards the region and an asymmetry in favour of China has emerged in their bilateral relations. This study has also stated that the functions of the SCO are interconnected and affect each other. The findings of this study support the opinion that an evaluation of a security institutions contribution to regional security should take into account the region-specific conditions in addition to the level of integration in the regional organization.

 Şangay İşbirliği Örgütü ŞİÖ, gevşek örgütlenmiş, çok amaçlı bir uluslararası kurumdur. Entegrasyon düzeyi yüksek güvenlik kurumlarından farklı olarak ortak askerî yapı, hızlı müdahale gücü ve anlaşmazlıkları çözüm mekanizmasına sahip değildir. Bu durum, ŞİÖnün güvenlik alnındaki rolü ile ilgili olarak; örgüt, üyelerin, maruz kaldıkları güvenlik tehditlerinin üstesinden gelme ve bir bölgesel düzen kurma kabiliyetine anlamlı bir katkıda bulunma kapasitesine sahip midir sorusunu gündeme getirmektedir. Bu makalede, üye devletlerin örgütten yerine getirmesini bekledikleri işlevlere bakılarak bu soruya cevap verilebileceği önerilmektedir. Dolayısıyla bu makalede önce üye devletlerin ŞİÖden güvenlik alanında ifa etmesini beklediği işlevler tespit edilmeye çalışılmakta, daha sonra örgütün değişen küresel ve bölgesel şartlar altında bu işlevleri nasıl ve ne ölçüde yerine getirdiği tartışılmaktadır. Söz konusu güvenlik işlevleri sırasıyla şunlardır: Çin ve Rusyanın izlediği Orta Asya siyasetleri arasında uyum sağlanması ve uyuma Orta Asyalı üyelerin dâhil olması işlevi, ulusötesi tehditlerle ortaklaşa mücadele işlevi ve Orta Asyada Batı etkisini sınırlama işlevi. Bunlar arasında birinci işlevin; Çin ve Rusyanın Orta Asyaya yönelik olarak zıt siyasetler izlemeleri ve aralarındaki ikili ilişkilerde de Çin lehine asimetri ortaya çıkması durumu nedenleriyle, zamanla ŞİÖnün bölge güvenliğine yaptığı en önemli katkı hâline geldiği gözlemlenebilir. İşlevlerin birbiri ile bağlantılı olduğu ve birbirini etkilediği de bu çalışmada belirtilmiştir. Bu çalışmanın bulguları, bir güvenlik kurumunun bölgesel güvenliğe katkısı değerlendirilirken, entegrasyon düzeyine ilaveten bölgenin sahip olduğu kendine özgü şartların da hesaba katılması gerektiği kanaatini desteklemektedir.

Makale detayları

The Shanghai Cooperation Organization and Regional Security in Central Asia

Yazarlar:

Muhammet Faruk Çakır

Yayıncı:

Gaziantep University

Ana Başlıklar:

Bölgesel Çalışmalar | Uluslararası Güvenlik | Uluslararası Kuruluşlar

Dergi:

Gaziantep Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi Vol.23 Issue 3, pp.1149-1166

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

7/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001324212

pISSN:

1303-0094

Rusya

regional security

security institutions

Central Asia

Chinabölgesel güvenlik

güvenlik kurumu

Orta Asya

Çin

Rusya

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Muhammet Faruk Çakır

Yayıncı: Gaziantep University

Ana Başlıklar: Bölgesel Çalışmalar | Uluslararası Güvenlik | Uluslararası Kuruluşlar

Dergi: Gaziantep Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi Vol.23 Issue 3, pp.1149-1166

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 7/2024

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001324212

pISSN: 1303-0094

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Muhammet Faruk Çakır

Yayıncı:

Gaziantep University

Ana Başlıklar:

Bölgesel Çalışmalar | Uluslararası Güvenlik | Uluslararası Kuruluşlar

Dergi:

Gaziantep Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi Vol.23 Issue 3, pp.1149-1166

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

7/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001324212

pISSN:

1303-0094