Evaluation of the Discussions on the Copyrights of Tattoo Artists in Computer Games in Terms of the Spatial Reality Perception Exception an Unusual Limit of Intellectual Rights

Mete Tevetoğlu

Makale detayları

Evaluation of the Discussions on the Copyrights of Tattoo Artists in Computer Games in Terms of the Spatial Reality Perception Exception an Unusual Limit of Intellectual Rights

Yazarlar:

Mete Tevetoğlu

Yayıncı:

Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University

Ana Başlıklar:

Hukuk

Dergi:

Ticaret ve Fikri Mülkiyet Hukuku Dergisi Vol.9 Issue 1, pp.63-72

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001294722

pISSN:

2149-4576

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 Tattooing is considered as an art form as old as human history. Tattoos, on the other hand, are figurative works that are generally suitable for protection in terms of intellectual law, according to their types and characteristics. There is an atypical conflict between the rights of the tattoo artist and the rights of the person on whom body the tattoo is made. Because unlike other intellectual products, the place where the tattoo is applied is the human body. This conflict of interest becomes more and more prominent in cases where the tattoo is a distinctive figure or the person who has the tattoo is a famous person with millions of followers. Because these original tattoos or tattoos made by a famous person can be extremely popular. The situation becomes more and more complicated if the tattoos of these famous people are visibly positioned in movies or computer games. The lawsuit filed by Solid Oak Sketchers LLC, the company of tattoo artists, against Take-Two Interactive Software and 2K Games Inc, the producer of the NBA2K game, alleging copyright infringement, is noteworthy in this regard. The evaluations made by the court while rejecting this case are important in terms of understanding the copy-rights of tattoo artists. The spatial reality perception exception accepted in the Sony v Grand Turismo decision has reappeared in a quite different way in this lawsuit filed by the tattoo artists against the game production company. The US Supreme Court previously accepted Sonys computer game Gran Turismo as expressive work. In this case, the court decided that plaintiff VIRAG, S.R.L.s trademark right was not infringed within the scope of the spatial reality perception exception. In the case filed by Solid Oak Sketchers LLC, the court has matured this point of view with various criteria. In this study, in which we examine the copyrights of tattoo artists, the effects and criteria of spatial reality perception are discussed in the light of the justifications of the two US Supreme Court decisions. In the paper, the place of spatial reality perception in intellectual law is clarified by analyzing in detail the grounds of these lawsuits.

 Tattooing is considered as an art form as old as human history. Tattoos, on the other hand, are figurative works that are generally suitable for protection in terms of intellectual law, according to their types and characteristics. There is an atypical conflict between the rights of the tattoo artist and the rights of the person on whom body the tattoo is made. Because unlike other intellectual products, the place where the tattoo is applied is the human body. This conflict of interest becomes more and more prominent in cases where the tattoo is a distinctive figure or the person who has the tattoo is a famous person with millions of followers. Because these original tattoos or tattoos made by a famous person can be extremely popular. The situation becomes more and more complicated if the tattoos of these famous people are visibly positioned in movies or computer games. The lawsuit filed by Solid Oak Sketchers LLC, the company of tattoo artists, against Take-Two Interactive Software and 2K Games Inc, the producer of the NBA2K game, alleging copyright infringement, is noteworthy in this regard. The evaluations made by the court while rejecting this case are important in terms of understanding the copy-rights of tattoo artists. The spatial reality perception exception accepted in the Sony v Grand Turismo decision has reappeared in a quite different way in this lawsuit filed by the tattoo artists against the game production company. The US Supreme Court previously accepted Sonys computer game Gran Turismo as expressive work. In this case, the court decided that plaintiff VIRAG, S.R.L.s trademark right was not infringed within the scope of the spatial reality perception exception. In the case filed by Solid Oak Sketchers LLC, the court has matured this point of view with various criteria. In this study, in which we examine the copyrights of tattoo artists, the effects and criteria of spatial reality perception are discussed in the light of the justifications of the two US Supreme Court decisions. In the paper, the place of spatial reality perception in intellectual law is clarified by analyzing in detail the grounds of these lawsuits.

 Tattooing is considered as an art form as old as human history. Tattoos, on the other hand, are figurative works that are generally suitable for protection in terms of intellectual law, according to their types and characteristics. There is an atypical conflict between the rights of the tattoo artist and the rights of the person on whom body the tattoo is made. Because unlike other intellectual products, the place where the tattoo is applied is the human body. This conflict of interest becomes more and more prominent in cases where the tattoo is a distinctive figure or the person who has the tattoo is a famous person with millions of followers. Because these original tattoos or tattoos made by a famous person can be extremely popular. The situation becomes more and more complicated if the tattoos of these famous people are visibly positioned in movies or computer games. The lawsuit filed by Solid Oak Sketchers LLC, the company of tattoo artists, against Take-Two Interactive Software and 2K Games Inc, the producer of the NBA2K game, alleging copyright infringement, is noteworthy in this regard. The evaluations made by the court while rejecting this case are important in terms of understanding the copy-rights of tattoo artists. The spatial reality perception exception accepted in the Sony v Grand Turismo decision has reappeared in a quite different way in this lawsuit filed by the tattoo artists against the game production company. The US Supreme Court previously accepted Sonys computer game Gran Turismo as expressive work. In this case, the court decided that plaintiff VIRAG, S.R.L.s trademark right was not infringed within the scope of the spatial reality perception exception. In the case filed by Solid Oak Sketchers LLC, the court has matured this point of view with various criteria. In this study, in which we examine the copyrights of tattoo artists, the effects and criteria of spatial reality perception are discussed in the light of the justifications of the two US Supreme Court decisions. In the paper, the place of spatial reality perception in intellectual law is clarified by analyzing in detail the grounds of these lawsuits.

 Dövme, insanlık tarihi kadar eski bir sanat dalı ola-rak kabul edilmektedir. Dövmeler ise türlerine ve özelliklerine göre fikri hukuk bakımından genel ola-rak korunmaya uygun bulunan figüratif eserlerdir. Dövme sanatçısının hakları ile dövmenin vücuduna yapıldığı kişinin haklarının arasında atipik bir çekiş-me söz konusudur. Zira diğer fikri ürünlerden farklı olarak dövmenin uygulandığı yer insan vücududur. Dövmenin hususiyet arz eden bir figür olduğu veya dövme yaptıran kişinin milyonlarca takipçisi bulunan, şöhretli bir kişi olduğu durumlarda bu menfaat çatış-ması daha fazla ve daha belirgin bir önem kazanmak-tadır. Zira bu özgün dövmeler veya şöhret sahibi bir kişinin yaptırdığı dövmeler son derece popüler ola-bilmektedir. Bu şöhretli kişilerin dövmelerinin sinema eserleri veya bilgisayar oyunlarında görünür şekilde konumlandırılması halinde ise durum giderek daha karmaşık bir hal almaktadır. Dövme sanatçılarının şirketi olan Solid Oak Sketchers LLCnin, NBA2K oyununun yapımcısı Take-Two Interactive Software ve 2K Games Incye telif hakkı ihlali iddiasıyla açtığı dava bu bakımdan dikkat çekicidir. Mahkemenin bu davayı reddederken yaptığı değerlendirmeler dövme sanatçılarının telif haklarının anlaşılması bakımından önem taşımaktadır. Sony v Grand Turismo kararında kabul edilen mekânsal gerçeklik algısı istinası, dövme sanatçılarının oyun yapım şirketine açtıkları bu davada, kendisini oldukça farklı bir şekilde tekrar göstermiştir. ABD Yüksek Mahkemesi, daha evvel Sonynin Gran Turismo isimli bilgisayar oyununu tanımlayıcı eser expressive work olarak kabul et-miştir. Bu davada mahkeme, davacı VIRAG, S.R.L.nin marka hakkına, mekânsal gerçeklik algısı istisnası kapsamında tecavüz edilmediğine karar ver-miştir. Mahkeme, Solid Oak Sketchers LLC tarafın-dan açılan davada ise bu bakış açısını çeşitli kriter-lerle olgunlaştırmıştır. Dövme sanatçılarının telif haklarını incelediğimiz bu çalışmada önce mekânsal gerçeklik algısının etki ve kriterleri bahse konu iki adet ABD yüksek mahkemesi kararlarının gerekçele-rinin ışığında ele alınarak tartışılmıştır. Tebliğde ayrıca mekânsal gerçeklik algısının fikri hukuktaki yeri, bu davaların gerekçeleriyle detaylı bir şekilde analiz edilerek aydınlatılmıştır.

Makale detayları

Evaluation of the Discussions on the Copyrights of Tattoo Artists in Computer Games in Terms of the Spatial Reality Perception Exception an Unusual Limit of Intellectual Rights

Yazarlar:

Mete Tevetoğlu

Yayıncı:

Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University

Ana Başlıklar:

Hukuk

Dergi:

Ticaret ve Fikri Mülkiyet Hukuku Dergisi Vol.9 Issue 1, pp.63-72

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001294722

pISSN:

2149-4576

Tattoo

Copyright

Computer Game

Perception of Spatial RealityDövme

Telif Hakkı

Bilgisayar Oyunu

Mekan-sal Gerçeklik Algısı

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Mete Tevetoğlu

Yayıncı: Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University

Ana Başlıklar: Hukuk

Dergi: Ticaret ve Fikri Mülkiyet Hukuku Dergisi Vol.9 Issue 1, pp.63-72

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 6/2023

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001294722

pISSN: 2149-4576

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Mete Tevetoğlu

Yayıncı:

Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University

Ana Başlıklar:

Hukuk

Dergi:

Ticaret ve Fikri Mülkiyet Hukuku Dergisi Vol.9 Issue 1, pp.63-72

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001294722

pISSN:

2149-4576