Symmetry and the order of events in time: description of a reversible thermal energy converter composed of negative mass

Randy WAYNE

Makale detayları

Symmetry and the order of events in time: description of a reversible thermal energy converter composed of negative mass

Yazarlar:

Randy WAYNE

Yayıncı:

TUBITAK

Dergi:

Turkish Journal of Physics 2013 Vol.37 Issue 1, pp.1-21

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2012

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2000760263

Sıklık:

İki Aylık

eISSN:

1303-6122

pISSN:

1300-0101

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 

In a previous paper [1], we analyzed the sequence of events  that occurs in the time domain of a reversible cyclical thermal energy  converter using the Gibbs equation and showed that even when there is  no net change of entropy there is an asymmetrical order of  quasi-static states along the time axis, when thermal energy is  converted into mechanical pressure-volume work.  The spontaneous  evolution towards an equilibrium state, which is characterized by the  unidirectional transport of entropy from the hot reservoir to the cold  reservoir, is coincident with this asymmetrical order of events.  In  this paper, we \"mend\" the above mentioned asymmetry by writing the  Gibbs equation for a class of substances that have negative mass.  Such extraordinary substances would allow a reversible cyclical energy  converter to proceed in the reverse order coincident with a  unidirectional transport of entropy from the cold reservoir to the hot  reservoir and a spontaneous evolution away from equilibrium.  By  taking into consideration thermodynamic systems composed of positive  or negative mass, we have made the Second Law of Thermodynamics  symmetrical in terms of entropy flow.  The symmetrical Second Law of  Thermodynamics states that, for reversible thermodynamic systems  composed of positive mass, entropy flows from the hot reservoir to the  cold reservoir and for reversible thermodynamic systems composed of  negative mass, entropy flows from the cold reservoir to the hot  reservoir.  Consequently, systems of positive mass evolve towards  equilibrium while systems of negative mass evolve away from  equilibrium.  This is reminiscent of Feynman's definition of  antimatter as matter going backward in time.  In another paper in this series [2], we suggested that substances with negative mass are real and synonymous with antimatter.

 

In a previous paper [1], we analyzed the sequence of events  that occurs in the time domain of a reversible cyclical thermal energy  converter using the Gibbs equation and showed that even when there is  no net change of entropy there is an asymmetrical order of  quasi-static states along the time axis, when thermal energy is  converted into mechanical pressure-volume work.  The spontaneous  evolution towards an equilibrium state, which is characterized by the  unidirectional transport of entropy from the hot reservoir to the cold  reservoir, is coincident with this asymmetrical order of events.  In  this paper, we \"mend\" the above mentioned asymmetry by writing the  Gibbs equation for a class of substances that have negative mass.  Such extraordinary substances would allow a reversible cyclical energy  converter to proceed in the reverse order coincident with a  unidirectional transport of entropy from the cold reservoir to the hot  reservoir and a spontaneous evolution away from equilibrium.  By  taking into consideration thermodynamic systems composed of positive  or negative mass, we have made the Second Law of Thermodynamics  symmetrical in terms of entropy flow.  The symmetrical Second Law of  Thermodynamics states that, for reversible thermodynamic systems  composed of positive mass, entropy flows from the hot reservoir to the  cold reservoir and for reversible thermodynamic systems composed of  negative mass, entropy flows from the cold reservoir to the hot  reservoir.  Consequently, systems of positive mass evolve towards  equilibrium while systems of negative mass evolve away from  equilibrium.  This is reminiscent of Feynman's definition of  antimatter as matter going backward in time.  In another paper in this series [2], we suggested that substances with negative mass are real and synonymous with antimatter.

Makale detayları

Symmetry and the order of events in time: description of a reversible thermal energy converter composed of negative mass

Yazarlar:

Randy WAYNE

Yayıncı:

TUBITAK

Dergi:

Turkish Journal of Physics 2013 Vol.37 Issue 1, pp.1-21

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2012

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2000760263

Sıklık:

İki Aylık

eISSN:

1303-6122

pISSN:

1300-0101

Carnot cycle

Gibbs equation

negative mass

reversibility

Second Law of Thermodynamics

symmetry

time direction

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Randy WAYNE

Yayıncı: TUBITAK

Dergi: Turkish Journal of Physics 2013 Vol.37 Issue 1, pp.1-21

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 12/2012

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2000760263

Sıklık: İki Aylık

eISSN: 1303-6122

pISSN: 1300-0101

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Randy WAYNE

Yayıncı:

TUBITAK

Dergi:

Turkish Journal of Physics 2013 Vol.37 Issue 1, pp.1-21

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2012

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2000760263

Sıklık:

İki Aylık

eISSN:

1303-6122

pISSN:

1300-0101