THE DUAL PROPERTY SYSTEM IN CRETE IN THE 17TH AND 18TH CENTURIES

Nuri Adıyeke

Makale detayları

THE DUAL PROPERTY SYSTEM IN CRETE IN THE 17TH AND 18TH CENTURIES

Yazarlar:

Nuri Adıyeke

Yayıncı:

Trakya University

Ana Başlıklar:

Bölgesel Çalışmalar | Tarihsel Çalışmalar (Diğer)

Dergi:

Balkan Araştırma Enstitüsü Dergisi Vol.12 Issue 2, pp.331-353

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001308118

pISSN:

2147-1371

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 Crete joined the Ottoman territory in a period when the tımar and land system begun to change. In the newly acquired region, the extensions of the old land system survived as a traditional attitude. The most important of these was to leave the reaya agricultural land as private property. A large number of fields inherited from her ancestors during the Venetian period were registered in the Kadi registers. Land registry was conducted three times on the island, in 1650, 1670 and 1705. After the temporary system in 1650, all the lands on the island were accepted to be haracî, and the Muslim or non-Muslim reaya were given the deeds of their private lands. Owners of property had legal rights such as selling, donating and bequeathing their property fields andused these rights. On the other hand, the same lands were also classified as tımar, vakıf and temlik lands. As a result, two separate owners of the lands emerged. Reaya with the right of usufruct acquired a property right, while the tımar, vakıf and temlik institutions receiving the proceeds of the lands got a second property right. This caused serious legal problems, especially with waqf lands.

 Crete joined the Ottoman territory in a period when the tımar and land system begun to change. In the newly acquired region, the extensions of the old land system survived as a traditional attitude. The most important of these was to leave the reaya agricultural land as private property. A large number of fields inherited from her ancestors during the Venetian period were registered in the Kadi registers. Land registry was conducted three times on the island, in 1650, 1670 and 1705. After the temporary system in 1650, all the lands on the island were accepted to be haracî, and the Muslim or non-Muslim reaya were given the deeds of their private lands. Owners of property had legal rights such as selling, donating and bequeathing their property fields andused these rights. On the other hand, the same lands were also classified as tımar, vakıf and temlik lands. As a result, two separate owners of the lands emerged. Reaya with the right of usufruct acquired a property right, while the tımar, vakıf and temlik institutions receiving the proceeds of the lands got a second property right. This caused serious legal problems, especially with waqf lands.

 Crete joined the Ottoman territory in a period when the tımar and land system begun to change. In the newly acquired region, the extensions of the old land system survived as a traditional attitude. The most important of these was to leave the reaya agricultural land as private property. A large number of fields inherited from her ancestors during the Venetian period were registered in the Kadi registers. Land registry was conducted three times on the island, in 1650, 1670 and 1705. After the temporary system in 1650, all the lands on the island were accepted to be haracî, and the Muslim or non-Muslim reaya were given the deeds of their private lands. Owners of property had legal rights such as selling, donating and bequeathing their property fields andused these rights. On the other hand, the same lands were also classified as tımar, vakıf and temlik lands. As a result, two separate owners of the lands emerged. Reaya with the right of usufruct acquired a property right, while the tımar, vakıf and temlik institutions receiving the proceeds of the lands got a second property right. This caused serious legal problems, especially with waqf lands.

 Girit, Osmanlı topraklarına klasik tımar ve toprak sisteminin değişmeye başladığı bir dönemde katıldı. Yeni alınan bölgede, geleneksel bir tavır olarak, eski toprak sisteminin uzantıları hayat buldu. Bunların en önemlisi de reayaya tarım arazilerinin, özellikle hububat tarlalarının özel mülk olarak bırakılması olmuştur. Kadı sicillerinde çok sayıda, Venedik döneminde atasından miras kalan tarla reayaca tescil ettirilmiştir. Adada 1650, 1670 ve 1705 yılında 3 kez tahrir yapılmıştır. 1650 yılındaki geçici sistemin sonrasında adadaki bütün topraklar haracî kabul edilmiş, Müslüman veya Gayrımüslim reayanın özel toprakları kendilerine tapulandırılmıştır. Mülk sahibi kişiler, mülk tarlalarını satmak, hibe etmek, miras bırakmak gibi hukuksal haklara sahip olmuşlar ve bu haklarını kullanmışlardır, Öte yandan aynı topraklar, tımar, vakıf ve temlik olarak da düzenlenmiştir. Bu düzenleme ile toprağın iki ayrı sahibi ortaya çıkmıştır. Tasarruf sahibi olan reaya bir mülkiyet hakkı kazanmış, toprağın gelirlerini alan tımar, vakıf ve temlik kurumları ikinci bir mülkiyet hakkına sahip olmuştur. Bu durum, özellikle vakıf topraklarında çok önemli hukuksal problemler yaratmıştır.

Makale detayları

THE DUAL PROPERTY SYSTEM IN CRETE IN THE 17TH AND 18TH CENTURIES

Yazarlar:

Nuri Adıyeke

Yayıncı:

Trakya University

Ana Başlıklar:

Bölgesel Çalışmalar | Tarihsel Çalışmalar (Diğer)

Dergi:

Balkan Araştırma Enstitüsü Dergisi Vol.12 Issue 2, pp.331-353

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001308118

pISSN:

2147-1371

Crete

Ownership

Cereal Field

Title Deep

WaqfGirit

Mülkiyet

Tarla

Tapu

Vakıf.

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Nuri Adıyeke

Yayıncı: Trakya University

Ana Başlıklar: Bölgesel Çalışmalar | Tarihsel Çalışmalar (Diğer)

Dergi: Balkan Araştırma Enstitüsü Dergisi Vol.12 Issue 2, pp.331-353

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 12/2023

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001308118

pISSN: 2147-1371

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Nuri Adıyeke

Yayıncı:

Trakya University

Ana Başlıklar:

Bölgesel Çalışmalar | Tarihsel Çalışmalar (Diğer)

Dergi:

Balkan Araştırma Enstitüsü Dergisi Vol.12 Issue 2, pp.331-353

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001308118

pISSN:

2147-1371