Phylogenetic Analysis of Species of the Biarum Genus in Turkey Based on Chloroplast Trnl/Trnf Igs (Intergenic Spacer) Sequences

Cahit Çeçen; Arif Parmaksız; Hasan Akan

Makale detayları

Phylogenetic Analysis of Species of the Biarum Genus in Turkey Based on Chloroplast Trnl/Trnf Igs (Intergenic Spacer) Sequences

Yazarlar:

Cahit Çeçen | Arif Parmaksız | Hasan Akan

Yayıncı:

Zonguldak Bulent Ecevit University

Ana Başlıklar:

Bitki Hücresi ve Moleküler Biyoloji

Dergi:

Karaelmas Fen ve Mühendislik Dergisi Vol.15 Issue 2, pp.76-82

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

7/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001355057

pISSN:

2146-7277

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 This study was conducted to perform a phylogenetic analysis of species belonging to the genus Biarum, which naturally occurs in Turkey. Biarum is a genus of rhizomatous or tuberous plants belonging to the Araceae family, predominantly distributed in the Mediterranean region. In Turkey, 12 taxa of this genus are found, five of which are endemic. In the study, the chloroplast DNA trnL-trnF intergenic spacer IGS region was used to determine the phylogenetic relationships of Biarum species. DNA extraction was performed from plant samples collected from different regions of Turkey between 2020 and 2022, and the trnL-trnF region was amplified using the Polymerase Chain Reaction PCR method. The obtained DNA sequences were aligned using bioinformatics programs, and a phylogenetic tree was constructed using the Neighbor-Joining NJ method. According to the results, most species belonging to the genus Biarum form a monophyletic group. Some species were found to be genetically closer to each other. Among these, Biarum  cinarense and Biarum carduchorum were determined to be closely related. On the other hand, Biarum syriacum was found to be in a more isolated position, possessing a distinct genetic structure compared to other species. This study contributes to a better understanding of the genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships of the Biarum genus. Since it is the first phylogenetic study conducted on Biarum species distributed in Turkey, the data obtained here will serve as a valuable resource for future research.

 This study was conducted to perform a phylogenetic analysis of species belonging to the genus Biarum, which naturally occurs in Turkey. Biarum is a genus of rhizomatous or tuberous plants belonging to the Araceae family, predominantly distributed in the Mediterranean region. In Turkey, 12 taxa of this genus are found, five of which are endemic. In the study, the chloroplast DNA trnL-trnF intergenic spacer IGS region was used to determine the phylogenetic relationships of Biarum species. DNA extraction was performed from plant samples collected from different regions of Turkey between 2020 and 2022, and the trnL-trnF region was amplified using the Polymerase Chain Reaction PCR method. The obtained DNA sequences were aligned using bioinformatics programs, and a phylogenetic tree was constructed using the Neighbor-Joining NJ method. According to the results, most species belonging to the genus Biarum form a monophyletic group. Some species were found to be genetically closer to each other. Among these, Biarum  cinarense and Biarum carduchorum were determined to be closely related. On the other hand, Biarum syriacum was found to be in a more isolated position, possessing a distinct genetic structure compared to other species. This study contributes to a better understanding of the genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships of the Biarum genus. Since it is the first phylogenetic study conducted on Biarum species distributed in Turkey, the data obtained here will serve as a valuable resource for future research.

 This study was conducted to perform a phylogenetic analysis of species belonging to the genus Biarum, which naturally occurs in Turkey. Biarum is a genus of rhizomatous or tuberous plants belonging to the Araceae family, predominantly distributed in the Mediterranean region. In Turkey, 12 taxa of this genus are found, five of which are endemic. In the study, the chloroplast DNA trnL-trnF intergenic spacer IGS region was used to determine the phylogenetic relationships of Biarum species. DNA extraction was performed from plant samples collected from different regions of Turkey between 2020 and 2022, and the trnL-trnF region was amplified using the Polymerase Chain Reaction PCR method. The obtained DNA sequences were aligned using bioinformatics programs, and a phylogenetic tree was constructed using the Neighbor-Joining NJ method. According to the results, most species belonging to the genus Biarum form a monophyletic group. Some species were found to be genetically closer to each other. Among these, Biarum  cinarense and Biarum carduchorum were determined to be closely related. On the other hand, Biarum syriacum was found to be in a more isolated position, possessing a distinct genetic structure compared to other species. This study contributes to a better understanding of the genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships of the Biarum genus. Since it is the first phylogenetic study conducted on Biarum species distributed in Turkey, the data obtained here will serve as a valuable resource for future research.

 Bu çalışma, Türkiyede doğal olarak yayılış gösteren Biarum cinsine ait türlerin filogenetik analizini yapmak amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Biarum, Araceae familyasına ait, genellikle Akdeniz bölgesinde yayılış gösteren, rizomlu veya yumrulu bir bitki cinsidir. Türkiyede bu cinse ait 12 takson bulunmakta olup, bunların 5i endemiktir. Araştırmada, Biarum türlerinin filogenetik ilişkilerini belirlemek amacıyla kloroplast DNA trnL-trnF intergenik bölgesi IGS kullanılmıştır. 2020-2022 yılları arasında Türkiyenin farklı bölgelerinden toplanan bitki örneklerinden DNA ekstraksiyonu yapılmış ve Polimeraz Zincir Reaksiyonu PCR yöntemiyle trnL-trnF bölgesi çoğaltılmıştır. Elde edilen DNA dizileri biyoinformatik programlar ile hizalanarak Neighbor-Joining NJ yöntemi ile filogenetik ağaç oluşturulmuştur. Sonuçlara göre, Biarum cinsine ait türlerin büyük çoğunluğu monofiletik bir grup oluşturmaktadır. Bazı türlerin birbirine genetik olarak daha yakın olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bu türler arasında; Biarum x cinarense ve Biarum carduchorum türlerinin yakın akraba oldukları belirlenmiştir. Öte yandan, Biarum syriacum daha izole bir konumda yer almakta olup diğer türlerden daha farklı bir genetik yapıya sahiptir. Bu çalışma, Biarum cinsinin genetik çeşitliliğini ve filogenetik ilişkilerini daha iyi anlamamıza katkı sağlamıştır. Türkiyede yayılış gösteren Biarum cinsi için yapılan ilk filogenetik çalışma olmasından dolayı burada elde edilen veriler, gelecekte yapılacak çalışmalar için bir kaynak teşkil edecektir.

Makale detayları

Phylogenetic Analysis of Species of the Biarum Genus in Turkey Based on Chloroplast Trnl/Trnf Igs (Intergenic Spacer) Sequences

Yazarlar:

Cahit Çeçen | Arif Parmaksız | Hasan Akan

Yayıncı:

Zonguldak Bulent Ecevit University

Ana Başlıklar:

Bitki Hücresi ve Moleküler Biyoloji

Dergi:

Karaelmas Fen ve Mühendislik Dergisi Vol.15 Issue 2, pp.76-82

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

7/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001355057

pISSN:

2146-7277

Biarum

chloroplast DNA

phylogenetic analysis

Trnl/Trnf IgsBiarum

filogenetik analiz

kloroplast DNA

Trnl/Trnf Igs

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Cahit Çeçen | Arif Parmaksız | Hasan Akan

Yayıncı: Zonguldak Bulent Ecevit University

Ana Başlıklar: Bitki Hücresi ve Moleküler Biyoloji

Dergi: Karaelmas Fen ve Mühendislik Dergisi Vol.15 Issue 2, pp.76-82

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 7/2025

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001355057

pISSN: 2146-7277

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Cahit Çeçen | Arif Parmaksız | Hasan Akan

Yayıncı:

Zonguldak Bulent Ecevit University

Ana Başlıklar:

Bitki Hücresi ve Moleküler Biyoloji

Dergi:

Karaelmas Fen ve Mühendislik Dergisi Vol.15 Issue 2, pp.76-82

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

7/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001355057

pISSN:

2146-7277