The System of Kurrāse Technique (Wujūhāt) in the Study of Qirāʾāt

Murat Oltulu

Makale detayları

The System of Kurrāse Technique (Wujūhāt) in the Study of Qirāʾāt

Yazarlar:

Murat Oltulu

Yayıncı:

Ankara University

Ana Başlıklar:

Kuran-ı Kerim Okuma ve Kıraat | Tefsir

Dergi:

Ankara Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.65 Issue 2, pp.729-758

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

11/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001332445

pISSN:

1301-0522

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 The teaching and learning of the science of qirāʾāt have been practiced using various technics since its formation. While the method of reciting a single narration without mixing it with another infirād was common until the 5th century AH, the method of collecting all the narrations in one ḥātim indirāj began to develop thereafter. In the application of this method, mushāfahah and scribing were mostly used together, and various auxiliary methods were followed, especially in recitation the wajihs together. One of these auxiliary methods is the bookkeeping method known as the kurrāse method. The application of this method is mostly dependent on the practice of extracting wujūhāt, which constitutes the backbone of qirāʾat education. This practice, known as the technique of extracting wujūhāt, is the subject of this study. The study explores the technique by considering the tarīq of Miṣr and the system of Shaykh ʿAtāʾullah; in the range of narrations, only the ʿAshara method was limited, and the narrations known as tarīq and taken into account in the Taqrīb system were not included in the study. To ensure a sound foundation, the study examines the underlying principles of the technique, namely the systems of tarīq and masāliks, while also discussing the developmental process of qirāʾat education. As a result, it has been determined that the technique of extracting wujūhāt, one of the most important competencies aimed to be gained by the student in qirāʾat education, requires ten fundamental stages. Then, these stages were adapted to the first verses of the Quran to provide a didactic framework for those seeking to learn the technique. In the end, it was concluded that the wujūhāt extraction technique is identified as a highly systematic practice, requiring significant attention and precision in its application.

 The teaching and learning of the science of qirāʾāt have been practiced using various technics since its formation. While the method of reciting a single narration without mixing it with another infirād was common until the 5th century AH, the method of collecting all the narrations in one ḥātim indirāj began to develop thereafter. In the application of this method, mushāfahah and scribing were mostly used together, and various auxiliary methods were followed, especially in recitation the wajihs together. One of these auxiliary methods is the bookkeeping method known as the kurrāse method. The application of this method is mostly dependent on the practice of extracting wujūhāt, which constitutes the backbone of qirāʾat education. This practice, known as the technique of extracting wujūhāt, is the subject of this study. The study explores the technique by considering the tarīq of Miṣr and the system of Shaykh ʿAtāʾullah; in the range of narrations, only the ʿAshara method was limited, and the narrations known as tarīq and taken into account in the Taqrīb system were not included in the study. To ensure a sound foundation, the study examines the underlying principles of the technique, namely the systems of tarīq and masāliks, while also discussing the developmental process of qirāʾat education. As a result, it has been determined that the technique of extracting wujūhāt, one of the most important competencies aimed to be gained by the student in qirāʾat education, requires ten fundamental stages. Then, these stages were adapted to the first verses of the Quran to provide a didactic framework for those seeking to learn the technique. In the end, it was concluded that the wujūhāt extraction technique is identified as a highly systematic practice, requiring significant attention and precision in its application.

 The teaching and learning of the science of qirāʾāt have been practiced using various technics since its formation. While the method of reciting a single narration without mixing it with another infirād was common until the 5th century AH, the method of collecting all the narrations in one ḥātim indirāj began to develop thereafter. In the application of this method, mushāfahah and scribing were mostly used together, and various auxiliary methods were followed, especially in recitation the wajihs together. One of these auxiliary methods is the bookkeeping method known as the kurrāse method. The application of this method is mostly dependent on the practice of extracting wujūhāt, which constitutes the backbone of qirāʾat education. This practice, known as the technique of extracting wujūhāt, is the subject of this study. The study explores the technique by considering the tarīq of Miṣr and the system of Shaykh ʿAtāʾullah; in the range of narrations, only the ʿAshara method was limited, and the narrations known as tarīq and taken into account in the Taqrīb system were not included in the study. To ensure a sound foundation, the study examines the underlying principles of the technique, namely the systems of tarīq and masāliks, while also discussing the developmental process of qirāʾat education. As a result, it has been determined that the technique of extracting wujūhāt, one of the most important competencies aimed to be gained by the student in qirāʾat education, requires ten fundamental stages. Then, these stages were adapted to the first verses of the Quran to provide a didactic framework for those seeking to learn the technique. In the end, it was concluded that the wujūhāt extraction technique is identified as a highly systematic practice, requiring significant attention and precision in its application.

 Kıraat ilminin tedris ve tahsili, teşekkülünden günümüze çeşitli şekillerde icra edilmiştir. Hicri 5. asra kadar bir rivayeti diğerine katmadan okuma infirād usulü yaygınken, bu tarihten itibaren bütün rivayetleri bir hatimde toplama indirāc yöntemi gelişmeye başlamıştır. Bu yöntemin tatbikinde muşāfehe ve kitābet çoğunlukla birlikte kullanılmış; özellikle vecihlerin birlikte okunmasında çeşitli yardımcı yöntemlerden yararlanılmıştır. Bu yardımcı yöntemlerden biri, kurrāse sistemi olarak bilinen defter tutma yöntemidir. Yöntemin tatbiki çoğunlukla, kıraat eğitiminin bel kemiğini oluşturan vucūhāt çıkarma uygulamasına bağlıdır. İşte vucūhāt çıkarma tekniği olarak bilinen ve kıraat imamlarının sıralamasını öğreten bu uygulama çalışmamızın konusunu oluşturmaktadır. Tekniğin anlatımı, Mıṣır ṭarīḳi, Şeyḫ ʿAṭāʾullāh mesleğinin sistemi dikkate alınarak gerçekleştirilmiş; rivayet aralığındaysa yalnızca ʿaşere-i suġrā yöntemiyle yetinilmiştir. Ṭarīḳ olarak bilinen ve taḳrīb ʿaşere-i kubrā sisteminde dikkate alınan rivayetler anlatıma dâhil edilmemiştir. Anlatımın muallakta inşa edilmemesi için tekniğin dayandığı temeller, yani ṭarīḳ ve mesleklerin sistemi irdelenmiş ve kıraat eğitiminin gelişim seyrine değinilmiştir. Akabinde kıraat eğitiminde öğrenciye kazandırılması hedeflenen yetkinliklerin başında gelen vucūhāt çıkarma tekniğinin on temel aşamayı gerektirdiği tespit edilmiştir. Ardından bu aşamalar, teknik hakkında bilgi sahibi olmak isteyenler için öğretici bir çalışma ortaya koymak maksadıyla Kuranın ilk ayetlerine uyarlanmıştır. Nihayetinde vucūhāt çıkarma tekniğinin teorik boyutu ve tatbikatı hakkında bir değerlendirmeyle sonuca gidilmiştir.

Makale detayları

The System of Kurrāse Technique (Wujūhāt) in the Study of Qirāʾāt

Yazarlar:

Murat Oltulu

Yayıncı:

Ankara University

Ana Başlıklar:

Kuran-ı Kerim Okuma ve Kıraat | Tefsir

Dergi:

Ankara Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.65 Issue 2, pp.729-758

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

11/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001332445

pISSN:

1301-0522

Qirāʾāt

Ṭarīqu Miṣr

Shaykh ʿAṭāʾullah

Kurrāsa

Technique of Wujūhāt RecitationḲırāʾāt

Mıṣır Ṭarīḳi

Şeyḫ ʿAṭāʾullāh Mesleği

Kurrāse Yöntemi

Vucūhāt Çıkarma Tekniği

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Murat Oltulu

Yayıncı: Ankara University

Ana Başlıklar: Kuran-ı Kerim Okuma ve Kıraat | Tefsir

Dergi: Ankara Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.65 Issue 2, pp.729-758

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 11/2024

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001332445

pISSN: 1301-0522

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Murat Oltulu

Yayıncı:

Ankara University

Ana Başlıklar:

Kuran-ı Kerim Okuma ve Kıraat | Tefsir

Dergi:

Ankara Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.65 Issue 2, pp.729-758

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

11/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001332445

pISSN:

1301-0522