Ottoman-Austrian Relations and Hungary in the Second Half of the XVIIth Century-in the Early XVIIIth Century

Tofiq Mustafazade

Makale detayları

Ottoman-Austrian Relations and Hungary in the Second Half of the XVIIth Century-in the Early XVIIIth Century

Yazarlar:

Tofiq Mustafazade

Yayıncı:

Hakan YILMAZ

Ana Başlıklar:

Genel Türk Tarihi (Diğer)

Dergi:

Akademik Tarih ve Düşünce Dergisi Vol.10 Issue 5, pp.1866-1877

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

3/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001300367

pISSN:

2148-2292

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 In the second half of the XVIIth century and at the beginning of the XVIIIth century, the foreign policy activities of many European states, especially Austria, were mainly directed in one direction, against the Ottoman Empire. They were endeavouring to expel the Ottoman Empire from the European lands and to seize the transit trade routes of special importance. The Hungarian issue also played a certain role in the Ottoman-Austrian relations. When the ruler of Hungary, Tökeli Imre, revolted against the Austrians and appealed to the Ottomans for help, the Turks began the war again by providing military assistance to the Hungarians. In 1683 the Ottoman army besieged Vienna for the second time in history, but it failed. This defeat of the Turks mobilised the Christian states; and in 1684 a military alliance called the Holy League was formed against the Ottomans. The Ottoman Empire was forced to ask for peace in 1699, having lost some territories. The Treaty of Karlofça determined that all the territories of Hungary, except Temesvar, were to be transferred to Austrian captivity. In 1703, when Ferenc Rakoczi, who rebelled against Austria, applied to the Ottoman Empire for help, the Ottoman government supported Rakoczi after hesitation. However, in the war that started in 1717, Austria triumphed and defeated the Ottoman Empire and according to the Pasarofça Treaty of 1718, Turkey had to give Temesvar, the last province in Hungary, to Austria.

 In the second half of the XVIIth century and at the beginning of the XVIIIth century, the foreign policy activities of many European states, especially Austria, were mainly directed in one direction, against the Ottoman Empire. They were endeavouring to expel the Ottoman Empire from the European lands and to seize the transit trade routes of special importance. The Hungarian issue also played a certain role in the Ottoman-Austrian relations. When the ruler of Hungary, Tökeli Imre, revolted against the Austrians and appealed to the Ottomans for help, the Turks began the war again by providing military assistance to the Hungarians. In 1683 the Ottoman army besieged Vienna for the second time in history, but it failed. This defeat of the Turks mobilised the Christian states; and in 1684 a military alliance called the Holy League was formed against the Ottomans. The Ottoman Empire was forced to ask for peace in 1699, having lost some territories. The Treaty of Karlofça determined that all the territories of Hungary, except Temesvar, were to be transferred to Austrian captivity. In 1703, when Ferenc Rakoczi, who rebelled against Austria, applied to the Ottoman Empire for help, the Ottoman government supported Rakoczi after hesitation. However, in the war that started in 1717, Austria triumphed and defeated the Ottoman Empire and according to the Pasarofça Treaty of 1718, Turkey had to give Temesvar, the last province in Hungary, to Austria.

 In the second half of the XVIIth century and at the beginning of the XVIIIth century, the foreign policy activities of many European states, especially Austria, were mainly directed in one direction, against the Ottoman Empire. They were endeavouring to expel the Ottoman Empire from the European lands and to seize the transit trade routes of special importance. The Hungarian issue also played a certain role in the Ottoman-Austrian relations. When the ruler of Hungary, Tökeli Imre, revolted against the Austrians and appealed to the Ottomans for help, the Turks began the war again by providing military assistance to the Hungarians. In 1683 the Ottoman army besieged Vienna for the second time in history, but it failed. This defeat of the Turks mobilised the Christian states; and in 1684 a military alliance called the Holy League was formed against the Ottomans. The Ottoman Empire was forced to ask for peace in 1699, having lost some territories. The Treaty of Karlofça determined that all the territories of Hungary, except Temesvar, were to be transferred to Austrian captivity. In 1703, when Ferenc Rakoczi, who rebelled against Austria, applied to the Ottoman Empire for help, the Ottoman government supported Rakoczi after hesitation. However, in the war that started in 1717, Austria triumphed and defeated the Ottoman Empire and according to the Pasarofça Treaty of 1718, Turkey had to give Temesvar, the last province in Hungary, to Austria.

 XVII. yüzyılın ikinci yarısı ve XVIII. yüzyılın başlarında birçok Avrupa devletinin, özellikle Avusturyanın dış politika faaliyetleri esasen bir yöne, Osmanlı İmparatorluğuna karşı yönelmişti. Onlar, Osmanlı Devletini Avrupadaki topraklardan çıkarmak, özel öneme sahip transit ticaret yollarını ele geçirmeye gayret ediyorlardı. Osmanlı-Avusturya ilişkilerinde Macar meselesinin de belirli rolü vardı. Macaristan hakimi Tökeli İmre, Avustryalılara karşı ayaklanıp yardım için Osmanlıya müracaat edince, Türkler, Macarlara askeri yardım göstermekle yeniden savaşa başladılar. 1683 yılında Osmanlı ordusu tarihte ikinci kez Viyanayı kuşattı, fakat başarılı olmadı. Türklerin bu yenilgisi Hıristiyan devletleri harekete geçirdi; ve Osmanlıya karşı 1684 yılında Kutsal Birlik adlı askeri ittifak kuruldu. Osmanlı Devleti, 1699 yılında bazı bölgeleri kaybetmekle barış istemek zorunda kaldı. Karlofça Muahedenamesi, Macaristanın Temeşvar hariç tüm topraklarının Avusturya esaretine geçmesini tespit etti. 1703 yılında Avusturyaya karşı isyana kalkan Ferenc Rakoczi yardım için Osmanlıya müracaat edince, Osmanlı hükümeti teredüdden sonra Rakocziyi destekledi. Fakat 1717 yılında başlayan savaşta Avusturya zafer kazanarak Osmanlıyı yendi ve 1718 yılı Pasarofça Anlaşmasına göre Türkiye, Macaristandaki son eyaleti olan Temeşvarı da Avusturyaya vermek zorunda kaldı.

Makale detayları

Ottoman-Austrian Relations and Hungary in the Second Half of the XVIIth Century-in the Early XVIIIth Century

Yazarlar:

Tofiq Mustafazade

Yayıncı:

Hakan YILMAZ

Ana Başlıklar:

Genel Türk Tarihi (Diğer)

Dergi:

Akademik Tarih ve Düşünce Dergisi Vol.10 Issue 5, pp.1866-1877

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

3/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001300367

pISSN:

2148-2292

Turkey

Hungary

Austria

Ottoman army

Ference Rakoczi

Holy LeagueTürkiye

Macaristan

Avusturya

Osmanlı ordusu

Ference Rakoczi

Kutsal Birlik

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Tofiq Mustafazade

Yayıncı: Hakan YILMAZ

Ana Başlıklar: Genel Türk Tarihi (Diğer)

Dergi: Akademik Tarih ve Düşünce Dergisi Vol.10 Issue 5, pp.1866-1877

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 3/2023

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001300367

pISSN: 2148-2292

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Tofiq Mustafazade

Yayıncı:

Hakan YILMAZ

Ana Başlıklar:

Genel Türk Tarihi (Diğer)

Dergi:

Akademik Tarih ve Düşünce Dergisi Vol.10 Issue 5, pp.1866-1877

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

3/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001300367

pISSN:

2148-2292