The Approach of Challenge to Produce a Single Verse of Qur’ān (al-Tahaddī with Āyat) in Islamic Thought and Its Analysis

Zakir Demir

Makale detayları

The Approach of Challenge to Produce a Single Verse of Qur’ān (al-Tahaddī with Āyat) in Islamic Thought and Its Analysis

Yazarlar:

Zakir Demir

Yayıncı:

Sakarya University

Ana Başlıklar:

Kelam | Tefsir

Dergi:

Sakarya Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.25 Issue 48, pp.529-555

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001305356

pISSN:

2146-9806

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 While viewing the al-Qurān al-Karīms inimitability literature, its perceived that scholars endeavor to find out some solutions about the meaning of ijāz, the nature of the challenge tahaddī and how this phenomenon occurs. They assert many theories on this subject by associating it with nazm, fasāha and balāga. On this basis, the theories of scholars on the theme of how much of the Qurān is a miracle and the minimum amount of challenge to their opponents can be classified as challenge with eternal speech al-kalām al-kadīm, challenge with Qurān, challenge with turning awayincapacitation as-sarfa, challenge with surah and challenge with the verse. Among these theories, the challenge with the verse is the topic of the present study. Pursuant to this approach, verses or parts of verses, which are the smallest unit of the Qurān, are miraculous, and opponents are challenged with them. This theory is scattered among the basic classics of Islamic literature and can hardly be detected between the lines of the related works. Despite this difficulty, the names of some scholars on this subject can be identified. Abū al-Hasan al-Asharī, al-Rummānī, al-Bākıllānī, Ibn Hazm, Abū Yalā al-Farrā, al-Kalvazānī, Kādī Iyāz, Sayf al-Dīn al-Āmidī, Ibn Taymiyyah, Badr al-Dīn al-Zarkaşī, al-Birmāvī, Ibn Ḥadjar al-Askalānī, Alī al-Kārī, Abdulganī b. Shākir, Rahmatullāh al-Hindī, Muhammed Anvar Kasmīrī, Muhammed al-Zurkānī, Muhammed al-Gamrāvī and Nūr al-Dīn Itr are among those who adopt the approach of challenge with verse in Islamic thought. Therefore, it is determined that there are proponents of this approach from both the classical and modern periods. Its seen that some of the scholars in question, taking the number of verses of Sûrah al-Kawthar as a measure, argue that the lowest limit of the challenge is three verses or a single verse that is equal to the volume of three verses of it. Based on this approach, the number of miracles challenged and contained by the Qurān will exceed two thousand since there is a consensus that there are about six thousand two hundred verses in the Qurān.

 While viewing the al-Qurān al-Karīms inimitability literature, its perceived that scholars endeavor to find out some solutions about the meaning of ijāz, the nature of the challenge tahaddī and how this phenomenon occurs. They assert many theories on this subject by associating it with nazm, fasāha and balāga. On this basis, the theories of scholars on the theme of how much of the Qurān is a miracle and the minimum amount of challenge to their opponents can be classified as challenge with eternal speech al-kalām al-kadīm, challenge with Qurān, challenge with turning awayincapacitation as-sarfa, challenge with surah and challenge with the verse. Among these theories, the challenge with the verse is the topic of the present study. Pursuant to this approach, verses or parts of verses, which are the smallest unit of the Qurān, are miraculous, and opponents are challenged with them. This theory is scattered among the basic classics of Islamic literature and can hardly be detected between the lines of the related works. Despite this difficulty, the names of some scholars on this subject can be identified. Abū al-Hasan al-Asharī, al-Rummānī, al-Bākıllānī, Ibn Hazm, Abū Yalā al-Farrā, al-Kalvazānī, Kādī Iyāz, Sayf al-Dīn al-Āmidī, Ibn Taymiyyah, Badr al-Dīn al-Zarkaşī, al-Birmāvī, Ibn Ḥadjar al-Askalānī, Alī al-Kārī, Abdulganī b. Shākir, Rahmatullāh al-Hindī, Muhammed Anvar Kasmīrī, Muhammed al-Zurkānī, Muhammed al-Gamrāvī and Nūr al-Dīn Itr are among those who adopt the approach of challenge with verse in Islamic thought. Therefore, it is determined that there are proponents of this approach from both the classical and modern periods. Its seen that some of the scholars in question, taking the number of verses of Sûrah al-Kawthar as a measure, argue that the lowest limit of the challenge is three verses or a single verse that is equal to the volume of three verses of it. Based on this approach, the number of miracles challenged and contained by the Qurān will exceed two thousand since there is a consensus that there are about six thousand two hundred verses in the Qurān.

 While viewing the al-Qurān al-Karīms inimitability literature, its perceived that scholars endeavor to find out some solutions about the meaning of ijāz, the nature of the challenge tahaddī and how this phenomenon occurs. They assert many theories on this subject by associating it with nazm, fasāha and balāga. On this basis, the theories of scholars on the theme of how much of the Qurān is a miracle and the minimum amount of challenge to their opponents can be classified as challenge with eternal speech al-kalām al-kadīm, challenge with Qurān, challenge with turning awayincapacitation as-sarfa, challenge with surah and challenge with the verse. Among these theories, the challenge with the verse is the topic of the present study. Pursuant to this approach, verses or parts of verses, which are the smallest unit of the Qurān, are miraculous, and opponents are challenged with them. This theory is scattered among the basic classics of Islamic literature and can hardly be detected between the lines of the related works. Despite this difficulty, the names of some scholars on this subject can be identified. Abū al-Hasan al-Asharī, al-Rummānī, al-Bākıllānī, Ibn Hazm, Abū Yalā al-Farrā, al-Kalvazānī, Kādī Iyāz, Sayf al-Dīn al-Āmidī, Ibn Taymiyyah, Badr al-Dīn al-Zarkaşī, al-Birmāvī, Ibn Ḥadjar al-Askalānī, Alī al-Kārī, Abdulganī b. Shākir, Rahmatullāh al-Hindī, Muhammed Anvar Kasmīrī, Muhammed al-Zurkānī, Muhammed al-Gamrāvī and Nūr al-Dīn Itr are among those who adopt the approach of challenge with verse in Islamic thought. Therefore, it is determined that there are proponents of this approach from both the classical and modern periods. Its seen that some of the scholars in question, taking the number of verses of Sûrah al-Kawthar as a measure, argue that the lowest limit of the challenge is three verses or a single verse that is equal to the volume of three verses of it. Based on this approach, the number of miracles challenged and contained by the Qurān will exceed two thousand since there is a consensus that there are about six thousand two hundred verses in the Qurān.

 İcâzül-Kurân literatürüne bakıldığında ilim adamlarının icâzın ne anlama geldiği, tehaddînin mâhiyeti ve bu olgunun ne şekilde tahakkuk ettiği konusunda birtakım çözüm yolları bulmaya çalıştıkları; bu konuyu nazm, fesâhat ve belâgatla ilişkilendirerek çok sayıda teori ortaya koydukları görülmektedir. Bu bağlamda Kurân metninin ne kadarının muciz olduğu ve muârızlarına müteveccih tehaddînin asgari miktarı meselesinde serdedilen görüşlerden biri, Kurânın iç düzenin en küçük birimi olan âyetle tehaddîdir. İslâm düşünce tarihinin klasik ve modern dönemlerinde savunucusu bulunan bu yaklaşıma göre Kurânın en küçük birimi olan âyet veya âyet eczâsı, muciz olmakta ve muarızlara bunlarla meydan okunmaktadır. Konuya ilişkin daha önce bir çalışmanın yapılmamış olmasından hareketle icâzül-Kurân literatürüne katkı sunmayı amaçlayan bu çalışmada, tehaddînin âyetle tahakkuk ettiğini belirten ilim adamlarının istidlâl yöntemleri önce deskriptif bir üslupla aktarılmakta, akabinde bunlar analitik bir bakış açısıyla irdelenmektedir. Son olarak da âyetle tehaddî teorisinin Kurânın bütünlüğüne riayet ilkesine uyup uymadığı test edilmekte ve bu bağlamda icâz olgusunun mâhiyeti incelenmektedir. Sonuç olarak mezkûr ilke esas alındığında fesâhat ve belâgat yönlerinin her âyette eşit düzeyde tahakkuk ettiğini söylemek mümkün gözükmemektedir. Zira Kurânda iki harften ya da tek kelimeden oluşan âyetlerin tehaddîye veya mucizeye konu olduğunu aklen ileri sürmek mümkün değildir. Bu durumda tehaddînin kısa veya uzun olmasına bakılmaksızın âyet veya âyet parçacıklarında değil de her bir sûrenin bütünlüğünde gerçekleştiğini savunmanın daha isabetli bir yaklaşım olduğu kanaatine ulaşılmaktadır.

Makale detayları

The Approach of Challenge to Produce a Single Verse of Qur’ān (al-Tahaddī with Āyat) in Islamic Thought and Its Analysis

Yazarlar:

Zakir Demir

Yayıncı:

Sakarya University

Ana Başlıklar:

Kelam | Tefsir

Dergi:

Sakarya Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.25 Issue 48, pp.529-555

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001305356

pISSN:

2146-9806

Tafsir

the Qur’ān’s Inimitability (I’jāz al-Qur’ān)

Surah Al-Kawthar

the 34th Verse of the Surah al-Tūr

Divine Quotations.Tefsir

İ‘câzü’l-Kur’ân

Kevser Sûresi

Tûr Sûresinin 34. Âyeti

Kur’ân İk-tibâsları.

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Zakir Demir

Yayıncı: Sakarya University

Ana Başlıklar: Kelam | Tefsir

Dergi: Sakarya Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.25 Issue 48, pp.529-555

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 12/2023

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001305356

pISSN: 2146-9806

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Zakir Demir

Yayıncı:

Sakarya University

Ana Başlıklar:

Kelam | Tefsir

Dergi:

Sakarya Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.25 Issue 48, pp.529-555

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001305356

pISSN:

2146-9806