“THE FIRST FINANCIAL SCANDAL OF THE REPUBLIC PERIOD”: ISTANBUL ESNAF BANKASI T.A.Ş.

Kader Akdağ Sarı

Makale detayları

“THE FIRST FINANCIAL SCANDAL OF THE REPUBLIC PERIOD”: ISTANBUL ESNAF BANKASI T.A.Ş.

Yazarlar:

Kader Akdağ Sarı

Yayıncı:

Dokuz Eylul University

Dergi:

Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi Vol.25 Issue 2, pp.653-677

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001290633

pISSN:

1308-0911

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 The National Economic policy, which was adopted by the Union and Progress governments during the First World War, continued in the Republican period. New banks have opened, and the number of bank branches has grown. As a result, national banks overall deposit and loan volume increased significantly. In the last years of the Ottoman Empire, the influence of foreign banks control over the countrys economy decreased in the first years of the Republic. Between 1923 and 1929, 34 new local banks were established. İstanbul Esnaf Bank was one of the three newly established banks with an administrative center in Istanbul and was founded on the initiative of the Istanbul Municipality on 14 June 1925. İstanbul Esnaf Bank was established to solve the credit problems of tradesmen. In addition to banking transactions, it has turned to commercial activities in which they hope to earn more money in a short period, far exceeding their initial investment. It halted operations in March 1935 after being the target of rent within the context of a specific groups economic goals. On February 28, 1938, it was decided to terminate and liquidate because its capital had been lost. The study aims to evaluate the liquidation process of İstanbul Esnaf Bank, which was established to provide loans to tradesmen, moving away from its founding purpose. The period analyzed covers the years between 1925, when the bank was founded, and 1935 when it ceased operations.

 The National Economic policy, which was adopted by the Union and Progress governments during the First World War, continued in the Republican period. New banks have opened, and the number of bank branches has grown. As a result, national banks overall deposit and loan volume increased significantly. In the last years of the Ottoman Empire, the influence of foreign banks control over the countrys economy decreased in the first years of the Republic. Between 1923 and 1929, 34 new local banks were established. İstanbul Esnaf Bank was one of the three newly established banks with an administrative center in Istanbul and was founded on the initiative of the Istanbul Municipality on 14 June 1925. İstanbul Esnaf Bank was established to solve the credit problems of tradesmen. In addition to banking transactions, it has turned to commercial activities in which they hope to earn more money in a short period, far exceeding their initial investment. It halted operations in March 1935 after being the target of rent within the context of a specific groups economic goals. On February 28, 1938, it was decided to terminate and liquidate because its capital had been lost. The study aims to evaluate the liquidation process of İstanbul Esnaf Bank, which was established to provide loans to tradesmen, moving away from its founding purpose. The period analyzed covers the years between 1925, when the bank was founded, and 1935 when it ceased operations.

 The National Economic policy, which was adopted by the Union and Progress governments during the First World War, continued in the Republican period. New banks have opened, and the number of bank branches has grown. As a result, national banks overall deposit and loan volume increased significantly. In the last years of the Ottoman Empire, the influence of foreign banks control over the countrys economy decreased in the first years of the Republic. Between 1923 and 1929, 34 new local banks were established. İstanbul Esnaf Bank was one of the three newly established banks with an administrative center in Istanbul and was founded on the initiative of the Istanbul Municipality on 14 June 1925. İstanbul Esnaf Bank was established to solve the credit problems of tradesmen. In addition to banking transactions, it has turned to commercial activities in which they hope to earn more money in a short period, far exceeding their initial investment. It halted operations in March 1935 after being the target of rent within the context of a specific groups economic goals. On February 28, 1938, it was decided to terminate and liquidate because its capital had been lost. The study aims to evaluate the liquidation process of İstanbul Esnaf Bank, which was established to provide loans to tradesmen, moving away from its founding purpose. The period analyzed covers the years between 1925, when the bank was founded, and 1935 when it ceased operations.

 Birinci Dünya Savaşı yıllarında İttihat ve Terakki Hükûmetince benimsenen Millî İktisat politikası, Cumhuriyet dönemiyle süreklilik arz etmiş, bankacılığın geliştirilmesi ve millî sermaye birikimi oluşturulması bakımından taşıdığı önem artarak devam etmiştir. Yeni bankaların kurulmasının yanı sıra toplam mevduat ve kredi hacminde yaşanan büyük artışlar, millî bankacılık faaliyetlerini olumlu etkilemiştir. Osmanlı Devletinin son dönemlerindeki yabancı bankaların ülke ekonomisi üzerindeki etkisi, Cumhuriyetin ilk yıllarında azalırken, 1923-1929 yılları arasında 34 yerli yeni banka kurulmuştur. Yeni kurulan bankalar içerisinde idare merkezi İstanbul olan bankalardan biri de İstanbul Belediyesinin teşebbüsü ile 14 Haziran 1925 tarihinde kurulan İstanbul Esnaf Bankası T.A.Ş.tir. İstanbul esnafının iktisadi iktidarlarının takviyesi ve mali itibarlarının teminini sağlamak amacıyla kurulan İstanbul Esnaf Bankası; bankacılık işlemlerinin yanı sıra, sermayesinin oldukça üzerinde ve kısa sürede daha fazla kazanç elde etmeyi amaçladıkları ticari faaliyetlere yönelmiştir. İşleyişinin, belli bir zümrenin iktisadi menfaatleri çerçevesinde rant odağı haline gelmesiyle, Mart 1935te faaliyetlerine ara veren İstanbul Esnaf Bankasının, sermayesi kaybolduğu gerekçesiyle 28 Şubat 1938 tarihinde fesih ve tasfiyesine karar verilmiştir. Çalışmanın amacı; esnafa kredi vermek amacıyla kurulan İstanbul Esnaf Bankasının kuruluş amacından uzaklaşarak tasfiyesine giden süreci değerlendirmektir. Ele alınan dönem; bankanın kurulduğu 1925 yılı ile iflasını açıkladığı 1935 yılları arasını kapsamaktadır.

Makale detayları

“THE FIRST FINANCIAL SCANDAL OF THE REPUBLIC PERIOD”: ISTANBUL ESNAF BANKASI T.A.Ş.

Yazarlar:

Kader Akdağ Sarı

Yayıncı:

Dokuz Eylul University

Dergi:

Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi Vol.25 Issue 2, pp.653-677

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001290633

pISSN:

1308-0911

Accumulation of Capital

National Entrepreneurship

Banking

Istanbul Esnaf Bank

Corruption

LiquidationSermaye Birikimi

Milli Girişimcilik

Bankacılık

İstanbul Esnaf Bankası

Yolsuzluk

Tasfiye

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Kader Akdağ Sarı

Yayıncı: Dokuz Eylul University

Dergi: Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi Vol.25 Issue 2, pp.653-677

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 6/2023

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001290633

pISSN: 1308-0911

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Kader Akdağ Sarı

Yayıncı:

Dokuz Eylul University

Dergi:

Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi Vol.25 Issue 2, pp.653-677

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001290633

pISSN:

1308-0911