Interactions of Saracens and Early Turkish Military Music

İbrahim Odabaşı

Makale detayları

Interactions of Saracens and Early Turkish Military Music

Yazarlar:

İbrahim Odabaşı

Yayıncı:

Ege University

Ana Başlıklar:

Müzik

Dergi:

Eurasian Journal of Music and Dance Issue 23, pp.184-194

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001309103

pISSN:

2651-4818

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 After the 9th century, there were close relations between the Abbasids and the Turkic-Islamic states. The caliphate spreading over a wide range of geographical locations was naturally in contact with different nations. This led to the emergence of new cultures synthesized under the umbrella of Islam thought. In the period when the Abbasid State began to decline, the Turks became stronger in the military field with the increase of their influence over the caliphate. The Crusaders, who were organized together in the 11th century to liberate Jerusalem from the Muslims and remove the Turks from the region, used the term Saracens for the Islamic army until the 15th century. Muslims in return used the expressions salîbiyyûnehl-i salîb to describe the Crusaders. Considering the fact that the Turks have been in the Islamic army since the 9th century, the word Saracens would incorporate not only Muslim Arabs but also the multinational Islamic army. Thus, Turkish commanders and ancient Turkish traditions have had a great influence on this army. One of these traditions was the Turkish military music tradition which was kept alive in the nevbethâne in Islamic army. The Crusaders, who encountered with the Saracens for the first time, witnessed a systematic army that determined its commands through music. The Crusaders, who only used trumpets until then, made some military reforms in terms of musical organizations as a result of these contacts. In consequence, philological similarities can be determined by considering the etymologies of the words in European languages that appeared to have been borrowed from Eastern languages. While European musicologists recognize this interaction between Saracens and Crusaders, none of the sources in the field seem to inquire about the origins of the Saracenic music. The existence of nevbethânes, and the educational institution of Turkish military music most likely indicate toward the Turkish origins of the Saracenic music.

 After the 9th century, there were close relations between the Abbasids and the Turkic-Islamic states. The caliphate spreading over a wide range of geographical locations was naturally in contact with different nations. This led to the emergence of new cultures synthesized under the umbrella of Islam thought. In the period when the Abbasid State began to decline, the Turks became stronger in the military field with the increase of their influence over the caliphate. The Crusaders, who were organized together in the 11th century to liberate Jerusalem from the Muslims and remove the Turks from the region, used the term Saracens for the Islamic army until the 15th century. Muslims in return used the expressions salîbiyyûnehl-i salîb to describe the Crusaders. Considering the fact that the Turks have been in the Islamic army since the 9th century, the word Saracens would incorporate not only Muslim Arabs but also the multinational Islamic army. Thus, Turkish commanders and ancient Turkish traditions have had a great influence on this army. One of these traditions was the Turkish military music tradition which was kept alive in the nevbethâne in Islamic army. The Crusaders, who encountered with the Saracens for the first time, witnessed a systematic army that determined its commands through music. The Crusaders, who only used trumpets until then, made some military reforms in terms of musical organizations as a result of these contacts. In consequence, philological similarities can be determined by considering the etymologies of the words in European languages that appeared to have been borrowed from Eastern languages. While European musicologists recognize this interaction between Saracens and Crusaders, none of the sources in the field seem to inquire about the origins of the Saracenic music. The existence of nevbethânes, and the educational institution of Turkish military music most likely indicate toward the Turkish origins of the Saracenic music.

 After the 9th century, there were close relations between the Abbasids and the Turkic-Islamic states. The caliphate spreading over a wide range of geographical locations was naturally in contact with different nations. This led to the emergence of new cultures synthesized under the umbrella of Islam thought. In the period when the Abbasid State began to decline, the Turks became stronger in the military field with the increase of their influence over the caliphate. The Crusaders, who were organized together in the 11th century to liberate Jerusalem from the Muslims and remove the Turks from the region, used the term Saracens for the Islamic army until the 15th century. Muslims in return used the expressions salîbiyyûnehl-i salîb to describe the Crusaders. Considering the fact that the Turks have been in the Islamic army since the 9th century, the word Saracens would incorporate not only Muslim Arabs but also the multinational Islamic army. Thus, Turkish commanders and ancient Turkish traditions have had a great influence on this army. One of these traditions was the Turkish military music tradition which was kept alive in the nevbethâne in Islamic army. The Crusaders, who encountered with the Saracens for the first time, witnessed a systematic army that determined its commands through music. The Crusaders, who only used trumpets until then, made some military reforms in terms of musical organizations as a result of these contacts. In consequence, philological similarities can be determined by considering the etymologies of the words in European languages that appeared to have been borrowed from Eastern languages. While European musicologists recognize this interaction between Saracens and Crusaders, none of the sources in the field seem to inquire about the origins of the Saracenic music. The existence of nevbethânes, and the educational institution of Turkish military music most likely indicate toward the Turkish origins of the Saracenic music.

 Osmanlı İmparatorluğu öncesinde kurulan Türk İslâm Devletlerinin Abbasîlerle temasları neticesinde özellikle Araplar, Acemler ve Türkler arasında yoğun sanatsal ve kültürel temaslar sağlanmıştır. Abbasî Devletinin geniş bir coğrafyaya yayılan hakimiyeti, farklı milletlerle temasları, İslâmiyet çatısı altında sentezlenen yeni kültürlerin oluşmasına zemin hazırlamıştır. Bu çatı altında şekillenen geleneklerden biri de askerî müziktir. Türkler, askerî müzik gelenekleriyle hem Abbâsîleri hem de Haçlı ordusu vasıtasıyla Avrupayı etkilemiştir. Kudüsü Müslümanlardan kurtarmak amacıyla kurulan Haçlı orduları, karşılaştıkları tüm Müslümanları temsil eden İslâm ordusu için Sarasinler terimini kullanmışlardır. Sarasinlerin Avrupa üzerindeki etkilerini araştıran yazarlar, onların askerî müziğinin kökenlerini yeterince sorgulamamıştır. Abbâsîlerde, Türklerden önce düzenli askerî bando geleneğinin olmadığı göz önüne alınırsa, Avrupayı etkilediği düşünülen askerî bando geleneğinin, Sarasinlerden ziyade Türk gelenekleriyle şekillendiği anlaşılmaktadır. Bu makalede, Osmanlı öncesinde Abbasîler ile Türk İslâm Devletlerinin askerî müzik gelenekleri ele alınarak, askerî bando ve nevbet ilişkisi, nevbetin; tablhâne, nakkarhâne ve mehterhâne gibi kurumlarla bağlantıları incelenmiştir. Sonuç olarak Sarasinlerin bando takımının birçok durumda aslında Türk askerî bando takımı olduğu gösterilmiştir.

Makale detayları

Interactions of Saracens and Early Turkish Military Music

Yazarlar:

İbrahim Odabaşı

Yayıncı:

Ege University

Ana Başlıklar:

Müzik

Dergi:

Eurasian Journal of Music and Dance Issue 23, pp.184-194

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001309103

pISSN:

2651-4818

Military Music in Seljuq Period

Saracens

nevbethâne

tablhâne

mehterhâneSelçuklu Dönemi Askerî Müzik

Sarasinler

nevbethâne

tablhâne

mehterhâne

Military Music in Seljuq Period

Saracens

nevbethâne

tablhâne

mehterhâne

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: İbrahim Odabaşı

Yayıncı: Ege University

Ana Başlıklar: Müzik

Dergi: Eurasian Journal of Music and Dance Issue 23, pp.184-194

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 12/2023

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001309103

pISSN: 2651-4818

Sayı

Yazarlar:

İbrahim Odabaşı

Yayıncı:

Ege University

Ana Başlıklar:

Müzik

Dergi:

Eurasian Journal of Music and Dance Issue 23, pp.184-194

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001309103

pISSN:

2651-4818